05/10/2026
BELIZE AT THE ICJ | 2 OF 14
WHAT THE CASE COVERS
Guatemala’s claim involves land, islands and maritime areas. That means the case reaches beyond the western boundary commonly associated with the dispute.
“Territorial” refers to land. “Insular” refers to islands and cayes. “Maritime” concerns sea areas and the rights associated with them. These questions matter to national sovereignty, fishing, conservation and the use of marine resources.
Under the 2008 Special Agreement, Belize and Guatemala asked the ICJ to determine Guatemala’s legal claims, their respective rights and the boundaries between their territories and areas. (oas.org)
Belize did not accept Guatemala’s claims by agreeing to this process. Belize accepted the court’s authority to examine and decide them. Taking a disputed claim to court gives both countries an opportunity to present evidence and obtain a binding legal settlement.
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