10/10/2026
Antigonish’s Volunteer Firefighters and the Training Centre They Need - Adrian VandeSande, Chief of the Antigonish County Volunteer Fire Department, explains what it takes to keep a community safe and why everything depends on volunteers
https://letstalkantigonish.substack.com/p/antigonishs-volunteer-firefighters
When you call 911, you probably aren’t thinking about how the fire department is structured, how much training the firefighters have had, or whether the person coming to help you has another job to get back to in the morning. You just expect someone to show up who knows what they’re doing.
This week, Justin and Anuj sat down with Adrian VandeSande, Chief of the Antigonish County Volunteer Fire Department, to talk about what happens behind the scenes when that call comes in. They cover the network of fire departments serving Antigonish Town and County, the surprisingly wide range of emergencies firefighters respond to, the challenge of recruiting and training volunteers, and a new training centre being built in Lower South River that could make a significant difference to fire services across the region.
The conversation starts with a simple revelation: these are volunteers. All of them. Even the chief.
Nine Departments, One Community
Justin opens with a confession. He recently had a chimney fire and discovered only when he called for help that he didn’t actually know which fire department served his property. He had assumed it was Four Valleys. It was Antigonish County.
It’s a useful starting point for understanding how the system works. There are nine fire departments serving Antigonish Town and County, each with its own boundaries, equipment, membership and resources. When an emergency falls near a boundary or requires more people and equipment than one department can provide, neighbouring departments respond together.
Adrian describes mutual aid as one of the system’s greatest assets. He gives the example of a structure fire where the roof was too unsafe for firefighters to work on directly. The town’s department brought in its ladder truck to ventilate the roof, allowing the operation to proceed safely.
The departments also meet every three months to coordinate their work. They are separate organizations, but they are not isolated from one another. When a serious call comes in — particularly a highway collision or a situation where someone is trapped in a vehicle — Adrian says he’s often already thinking about which neighbouring department he might need to call.
For residents, the important thing is that the system is designed to get the appropriate help to an emergency, rather than simply sending whichever department happens to be administratively responsible for an address.
The Extraordinary Reality of Volunteer Firefighting
Anuj was surprised to learn just how completely volunteer-based the service is. Adrian confirms that neither he nor the firefighters in his department are paid for their work. He estimates that roughly 95% of Nova Scotia’s firefighters are volunteers.
And this isn’t a casual commitment. Adrian’s department has around 40 members, who must balance emergency calls and training with their jobs, families and other responsibilities. The department is on call 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. Some incidents are resolved in ten minutes; others can occupy firefighters for eight or nine hours.
The workload also follows the seasons. As temperatures drop and people start lighting their wood stoves and fireplaces, chimney fires become more common. A blocked chimney, an old nest or years of accumulated debris can turn the first fire of the season into an emergency. Snow and ice bring more vehicle collisions.
And fires are only part of the job.
Adrian’s team responds to vehicle crashes requiring extrication, false alarms, people trapped in elevators and even automatic crash notifications from mobile phones. The department also has a medical first responder team that assists Emergency Health Services, handling approximately 20 to 25 such calls a year on top of its other work.
Then there’s traffic control. Firefighters may be called to an emergency late at night and end up staying until morning because they are helping divert traffic around a collision. Adrian says this has become a significant concern: firefighters are there to respond to emergencies, but they can lose hours doing work that stretches beyond their core role.
The sheer variety of the work helps explain why recruiting volunteers is difficult. It isn’t simply a matter of showing up, putting on a uniform and riding in a truck. New members must meet training requirements and demonstrate a sustained commitment to calls, meetings and volunteering.
A Small but Important Request to Drivers
One of the most practical parts of the conversation is Adrian’s reminder about what to do when an emergency vehicle approaches.
Find a safe place to pull over, stop, and let the vehicle pass. If two vehicles are approaching from opposite directions, both should pull over where it is safe to do so, leaving room for the emergency vehicle to get through between them.
And don’t follow the fire truck.
Adrian says firefighters increasingly encounter drivers who film emergency scenes on their phones while passing. Sometimes a driver has one hand on the wheel and their attention on the accident rather than the road ahead. An emergency scene is already dangerous, and distracted drivers create additional risks for everyone there.
Who Becomes a Firefighter?
How do you persuade people to take on a demanding job that pays nothing?
Adrian describes two recruitment routes. The first is a junior firefighter program for young people aged 14 to 18, which his department introduced in the past year. Participants learn skills such as handling hoses, using fire extinguishers and conducting searches, although they do not take part in live-burn exercises. The department has had success bringing some of these young people into full membership when they turn 18.
The second route is through membership drives, which typically produce five to ten applicants. Not everyone makes it through. The biggest obstacle is time: prospective members need to be able to attend training and respond to calls while maintaining their other commitments.
Physical fitness matters for many aspects of the job, but Adrian emphasizes that there are roles for different people. Nobody is forced into a burning building if they aren’t comfortable doing interior firefighting. Members can contribute in other ways, and some develop additional specialties, including medical first response and vehicle extrication.
The conversation also raises the possibility of recruiting more newcomers to Canada. Adrian welcomes their participation but identifies language and communication as important practical considerations. At an emergency scene, conditions can be loud, firefighters wear masks, and instructions are transmitted by radio. Everyone needs to be able to communicate clearly when safety depends on it.
For anyone interested, his advice is straightforward: contact your local fire department, drop by when people are at the station, or get in touch through Facebook and ask about applying.
The Training Problem
This is where the conversation arrives at its central issue.
Becoming a qualified firefighter requires substantial training. Adrian explains that when he completed his Level 1 training 13 years ago, the process took roughly 16 months. He traveled to Pictou every second weekend for practical instruction, then went to Waverley, near Halifax, for a live-burn weekend and the assessments required for certification.
That training qualifies a firefighter to undertake many of the essential tasks of the job, including entering a burning structure to conduct a search or carry out other interior operations. Members may also pursue additional training in medical first response and vehicle extrication.
But certification is only the beginning. Firefighters need to keep practicing. Their departments might respond to only five or six structure fires in a year, which means opportunities to use some of their most important skills in real conditions are limited.
Adrian has recently traveled to Texas for specialized training involving liquefied petroleum gas — the sort of high-pressure fuel hazard that might arise in a serious transport incident. Even after 13 years of firefighting experience, he found the experience eye-opening.
His point is that classroom instruction has limits. You can learn procedures on paper, but there is no substitute for hands-on experience in a controlled environment that reproduces the pressures firefighters may face in a real emergency.
The problem is that access to this kind of training has been difficult, particularly for volunteer departments whose members must fit courses around their working lives and families. Traveling across the province adds time, accommodation costs and other expenses.
And without training, eager recruits can’t always be put to work.
Building a Training Centre in Lower South River
The proposed solution is a new regional training centre on Macquarrie Drive in the Lower South River Industrial Park.
The project has been a long-standing ambition among local firefighters: a place where new members can earn their Level 1 certification and experienced firefighters can continue practicing, without having to travel elsewhere in the province.
The site covers ten acres, of which three have been cleared. The access road, culverts and other civil work have been completed, and a large concrete pad has been poured. Five shipping containers have been acquired to form the basis of a training structure. They will be stacked and engineered into place, with a propane-powered live-burn system installed by a specialist company from Ontario.
This isn’t a plan to improvise a dangerous fire and hope for the best. Adrian describes a controlled system with a control room and temperature monitoring, designed to let firefighters practice in realistic conditions while managing the risks.
The ambitions go beyond basic structural firefighting. The centre is intended to support training in medical first response, vehicle extrication, water and ice rescue, and other specialized skills. It could also host firefighters from across the region, from Pictou County to Cape Breton, allowing departments to train together and share access to facilities.
Adrian hopes the centre will be used during the week as well as on weekends. Volunteer departments often schedule training around their members’ work commitments, leaving weekdays underused. By offering high-angle rescue training and other specialized courses, the facility could also serve companies working in sectors such as wind energy and fuel.
The potential benefits are considerable: better-trained firefighters, more opportunities to practice, reduced travel costs and a shared resource for departments that might otherwise struggle to access this kind of facility.
The Funding Gap
There’s one major obstacle between the vision and the finished centre: money.
Adrian credits the town and county municipalities with providing valuable support, including the county’s contribution of the land. But the project still needs additional fundraising to move forward.
The financial pressures facing volunteer fire departments are considerable even before a regional training centre enters the picture. Adrian points to a new fire truck purchased by his department the previous year at a cost of $800,000. Equipment, training and protective gear are expensive, and the funding available to individual departments doesn’t always cover what is needed.
Protective equipment creates its own challenges. A full set of bunker gear can cost tens of thousands of dollars, and it must be fitted to the individual firefighter. It can’t simply be handed from one member to another whenever someone new joins.
That becomes especially relevant in a university town. Students may be interested in volunteering, but they may leave Antigonish during the summer or move away after graduation. Departments have to consider whether the substantial cost of outfitting a recruit will translate into a sustained contribution to the community.
Adrian is not dismissive of student volunteers. Rather, he is explaining the practical decisions that come with trying to build a dependable volunteer force on limited resources.
The training centre’s core working group is only five or six people, supported by the wider network of local fire chiefs and firefighters. Adrian himself runs a landscaping business, has three children, and is fitting the centre around his regular job and his responsibilities as chief. It is a substantial undertaking for a small group of people who are already giving their time to the community.
The Recruits Waiting on the Sidelines
Perhaps the most striking moment in the episode comes when Adrian explains what the lack of training capacity means for his department right now.
He has seven or eight relatively new members who joined within the previous two years. They are eager to help, but they have not completed their Level 1 training. The fire school in Halifax had been closed, leaving them unable to finish the process required to take on the full range of firefighting duties.
Adrian describes having to hold these enthusiastic recruits back because they aren’t yet qualified to do the work.
His question to the province is pointed: how long can a department keep promising people that they’ll soon be able to serve?
A local training centre could remove a major barrier. Instead of spending weekends traveling to distant facilities, recruits could train close to home. Existing firefighters could return regularly to practice. And departments across the region could share a resource designed around their needs.
Justin asks whether the result would be a safer community. Adrian’s answer is unequivocal: absolutely.
When someone calls 911, he says, they are probably having one of the worst days of their life. They expect the firefighters who arrive to know what to do. Making sure they have the training and experience to meet that expectation is the entire point of the project.
What Comes Next?
The centre is still under construction, and Adrian is clear that fundraising will determine how quickly it can move forward. In the conversation, he suggests that a major contribution — half a million dollars, for example — could make a dramatic difference to the timeline, potentially allowing training to begin by August of the following year.
That’s a scenario rather than a confirmed opening date. The project still needs the resources to complete the work and establish the staffing and operational arrangements that a facility of this kind requires.
Adrian anticipates that running the centre will eventually require at least a couple of full-time positions to manage the site, maintain the grounds, coordinate courses and ensure that inspections and safety requirements are met.
For now, the project rests on a small group of people trying to build something that could benefit a much larger region.
The conversation is a reminder that rural emergency services depend on much more than the trucks we see on the road. They depend on volunteers who answer pagers in the middle of the night, the training that allows them to do difficult work safely, the equipment that makes that work possible, and the community’s willingness to support all three.
Adrian and his colleagues are trying to create a place where firefighters can train together, improve their skills and be better prepared for the day someone needs them. The goal is simple enough: when the call comes, the people who show up will be ready.
Antigonish Area Fire & Rescue Training Centre: https://www.facebook.com/p/Antigonish-Area-Fire-Rescue-Training-Centre-61583826175860/
Antigonish County Volunteer Fire Department: https://www.facebook.com/ACVFD85/
Adrian VandeSande, Chief of the Antigonish County Volunteer Fire Department, explains what it takes to keep a community safe and why everything depends on volunteers