06/18/2026
A new federal bill meant to address long-term drinking water advisories in First Nations communities is already drawing serious criticism from Indigenous leaders.
The Carney government tabled Bill C-37 this week, saying it is aimed at improving access to clean drinking water in First Nations.
But leaders say the new legislation removes or weakens key protections that existed in the previous Trudeau-era Bill C-61, which recognized the human right of First Nations to clean drinking water.
Assembly of First Nations National Chief Cindy Woodhouse Nepinak said there are “red flags” in the new bill.
“This government is continuing a troubling shift from the explicit recognition of First Nations rights towards provincial priorities,” she said.
One major concern is source water protection. Critics say the new bill weakens protections by relying more on voluntary agreements with provinces for waters flowing into First Nations communities.
Anishinabek Nation Grand Chief Linda Debassige said Bill C-37 was not developed with the same level of partnership as earlier efforts.
“Unlike previous legislative efforts, which were developed through meaningful dialogue and partnerships with First Nations knowledge keepers, technicians, Bill C-37 was introduced without broad or meaningful input by First Nations,” she said.
Indigenous Services Minister Mandy Gull-Masty defended the changes, saying it took time to review years of consultation and that the bill was adjusted to make it harder for provinces to challenge.
“Really going and digging into six years of consultation is not something that I would have felt comfortable analyzing and rushing through,” she said.
She also said provincial co-operation is necessary.
“I also think that right now, the space and the time that we're in as a country, it is essential to have provinces and territories work with us,” Gull-Masty said.
Conservative Indigenous Services critic Billy Morin said First Nations have already waited too long.
“First Nations got to wait all summer just for them to have a break to get back to this conversation after six years of broken promises,” he said.
The debate now is difficult but important: Canada says it wants to fix long-term water problems, but First Nations leaders say the new approach risks watering down rights and consultation.
Clean drinking water should not be a political luxury in this country. So the question is: does Bill C-37 finally move Canada forward — or does it prove reconciliation is being pushed behind provincial and economic priorities?
Source: CBC News 🇨🇦