21/08/2026
Today, August 21st, marks 40 years since the Lake Nyos disaster that happened here in Cameroon.
Thousands of people died, countless livestock were lost, and so much was destroyed.
Growing up as a child, and even as a young adult, I never really knew that the gas responsible for the disaster was not carbon monoxide.
Of course, in chemistry classes, we were always taught that carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas. We learned that it forms a very stable compound called carboxyhemoglobin with our hemoglobin, preventing the blood from carrying oxygen properly. So, naturally, I always assumed that carbon monoxide was responsible for the Lake Nyos disaster.
It was only much later that I learned that it was actually carbon dioxide — CO₂.
And this is where it gets interesting.
We are all taught that carbon dioxide isn’t a poisonous gas, and technically, at the normal concentrations we encounter every day, it isn’t considered poisonous in the same way as carbon monoxide. But high concentrations of CO₂ can be extremely dangerous and even fatal.
And that was exactly what happened at Lake Nyos.
In 1986, a huge amount of carbon dioxide that had accumulated in the deep waters of the lake was suddenly released into the atmosphere. The gas spread through the surrounding area, displacing oxygen and causing people and animals to lose consciousness and die.
The Lake Nyos disaster is regarded as one of the most unusual natural disasters in modern history. Natural disasters happen all the time, but a lake suddenly releasing a massive cloud of invisible, deadly carbon dioxide is not something most people would ever imagine.
In 1986, some of our parents weren’t even born, but history was being written here in Cameroon.
And honestly, I pray that this country begins to take the affairs of its people and its environment more seriously. Because perhaps if the risks around Lake Nyos had been properly understood and monitored at the time, the scale of this disaster could have been prevented or reduced.
May the souls of all those who lost their lives in the Lake Nyos disaster rest in peace.