15/07/2025
Thousands of lower earners to be eligible for mortgages in shake-up
Banks and building societies to have dispensation to offer more high loan-to-income mortgages in rules to be announced by Rachel Reeves
July 14 2025, The Times
Tens of thousands of lower earners will become eligible for mortgages for the first time as part of the biggest relaxation of rules since the aftermath of the financial crisis.
In an attempt to make it easier for first-time buyers to get on the housing ladder, banks and building societies will be given dispensation to offer more high loan-to-income mortgages.
The change will mean that Nationwide, Britain’s largest lender to first-time buyers, will reduce the income threshold at which someone could borrow up to six times their income to £30,000 from £35,000. The threshold for joint mortgage applicants will fall to a £50,000 combined salary — down from £55,000.
Other major building societies, including Yorkshire and Skipton, have already applied to the Bank of England for permission to lend more mortgages of more than 4.5 times a borrower’s income.
The Treasury said they expected the changes, to be announced by Rachel Reeves, the chancellor, on Tuesday, to lead to 36,000 more mortgages for first-time buyers being approved a year.
At the same time the Financial Conduct Authority is reviewing lending rules that could allow a prospective buyer to get a mortgage solely from their record of paying rent on time.
The announcements are the latest steps in a succession of changes to the mortgage market that have unwound some of the rules brought in by regulators after the financial crisis.
• Mortgage approvals rise for the first time in four months
Banks have reduced some of the stress test rates they use to check that homeowners can still afford repayments if mortgage rates climb and the Bank of England’s limit of 15 per cent of new mortgages a year above 4.5 times a borrower’s income was introduced in 2016.
The limit across all new mortgages will remain at 15 per cent, but individual lenders can apply to lend more under rules announced by the Bank last Wednesday.
Paula Higgins, the chief executive of the campaign group the HomeOwners Alliance, said it was the “right” decision as it would give lenders more flexibility to support credit-worthy borrowers.
“I know people will say this is a slippery slope back to pre-2008 reckless lending, but this won’t be the case,” she said. “Borrowers still face rigorous affordability checks, and lenders carry the risk — they won’t stretch beyond what’s safe.”
David Postings, the chief executive of UK Finance, the trade association, said: “Easing the loan-to-income cap and introducing a permanent mortgage guarantee scheme will help more first-time buyers get onto the housing ladder. Increasing the number of people who can access mortgage finance is a key part of delivering economic growth.”
The changes will be announced by the chancellor in her annual Mansion House speech. She is also expected to confirm details of a government-backed mortgage guarantee scheme to allow first-time buyers to buy property with a smaller deposit. The scheme is an extension to one introduced by the Conservatives in 2021 which underwrote 53,261 home loans between its launch date and the end of last year, 45,835 of which were to first-time buyers.
That initiative expired at the end of last month and under the new one, dubbed Freedom to Buy by the government, lenders will continue to pay a fee to the Treasury to provide guarantees against potential losses on 95 per cent loan-to-value mortgages in the event of repossession. This would mean that first-time buyers could buy a home with a minimum deposit of five per cent.
Ministers believe that together the reforms will help to unlock homeownership to thousands more people who are forced to rent because they cannot afford to buy or are ineligible for mortgages.
• Leasehold reform delays leave homeowners in financial limbo
Figures from the Financial Conduct Authority show that the number of new first-time-buyer mortgages in the UK has been falling since the peak in 2021, and in 2023 was the lowest since 2013, at 282,000. London had the lowest rate of first-time-buyer mortgage sales since 2013.
In 2023, 12.8 per cent of first-time buyer mortgages were sold for homes located in the capital — down from 16.8 per cent a decade earlier.
In her speech Reeves will say that the changes will have an “instant impact for consumers”.
She adds: “I welcome the recent changes the Financial Policy Committee has announced to the loan-to-income limit on mortgage lending, which the PRA and FCA are implementing immediately. With an instant impact for consumers, such as Nationwide offering its Helping Hand mortgage to more first time-buyers — supporting an additional 10,000 each year.”
But Thomas Lambert, a financial planner at Quilter, a wealth manager, warned: “While it is certainly a good thing that helping prospective buyers appears to have moved up the chancellor’s agenda, the expected changes will still only have limited impact.
“Generally, first-time buyers can only borrow up to 4.5 times their annual income due to affordability tests, meaning those on average salaries can only secure mortgages slightly over £150,000. Additionally, high loan to value ratios increase the risk of negative equity.”
He said: “Ultimately, one of the key strategies that would help first-time buyers onto the ladder is simply to build more stock. This will be the only way of really helping the masses get onto the housing ladder.”
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