10/05/2025
A young French poet forever changed literature with his visionary work and unconventional life. Arthur Rimbaud is remembered as one of the most influential poets in history, and also as a free spirit who left writing behind at the age of 21 to pursue a life of adventure.
Born in 1854 in Charleville, northern France, Rimbaud showed a remarkable talent for writing from an early age. By the time he was 16, he had already written some of the most innovative poems of his time, including The Drunken Boat and A Season in Hell. His style—marked by vivid imagery and groundbreaking language—challenged literary norms and laid the foundation for Symbolism and Surrealism.
In 1871, Rimbaud met fellow poet Paul Verlaine, who was deeply impressed by his genius and invited him to Paris. Their intense and complex relationship led them to travel across Europe, living a bohemian and often chaotic lifestyle. However, their partnership came to an abrupt end in 1873 following a serious conflict.
After this turning point, Rimbaud chose to leave literature behind. By 21, he had completed most of his literary work, including Illuminations, a masterpiece of French prose poetry. He then embarked on a life of travel and enterprise, journeying through Europe, Africa, and Asia, working in various trades and commercial ventures.
Rimbaud spent his later years primarily in Africa, especially in Ethiopia and Yemen, where he worked as a trader. His life was marked by challenges and perseverance. In 1891, he returned to France due to a serious illness and passed away at the age of 37.
Despite his brief literary career, Rimbaud's impact on poetry is profound. His work influenced generations of poets, from Surrealists to the Beat Generation. His rebellious and exploratory life has made him a symbol of creative freedom and authenticity.
He is often referred to as a "cursed poet" due to his restless spirit and resistance to social norms. His legacy continues to inspire films, books, and music—including Patti Smith’s song Rimbaud Eyes.
Credits: historia IA
