
05/08/2025
Processing of Rusting
Rusting is a slow chemical process in which iron reacts with oxygen and moisture (water) to form a reddish-brown flaky substance called rust. It is a form of corrosion that specifically affects iron and its alloys like steel.
The process begins when iron comes in contact with water and oxygen. In the presence of moisture, iron atoms lose electrons and form iron ions. Simultaneously, oxygen from the air gains these electrons and forms hydroxide ions. These ions combine to produce iron hydroxide, which further reacts with oxygen and water to form hydrated iron(III) oxide—commonly known as rust.
The simplified chemical reaction of rusting is: Iron + Oxygen + Water → Hydrated Iron(III) Oxide (Rust)
Rusting is accelerated by the presence of salt (especially in coastal areas), acids, and pollutants in the environment. It weakens the metal over time, causing structural damage and reducing the metal’s strength and durability.