13/04/2025
MINE NE HARSHE?
A cewar masana, "harshe" wata hanya ce da mutane ke amfani da ita don sadarwa, wato musayar tunani, ra’ayi, da bayani. Sannan kuma harshe yana ƙunshe da tsarin kalma, nahawu (grammar), sautuka (phonology), ma’ana (semantics), da rubutu ko magana. Ga wasu fassarar harshe daga bakin masana:
1. Noam Chomsky (masanin harshe): Ya ce harshe wata hanya ce da ke ba wa dan Adam damar samarwa da fahimtar jimloli marasa iyaka daga wasu ka’idoji (rules) masu iyaka.
2. Edward Sapir: Ya ce "Harshe wata hanya ce ta bayyana tunani, kuma hanya ce ta mu’amala tsakanin mutane ta hanyar alamomi da s**a samo asali daga al’ada."
3. Leonard Bloomfield: Ya ce "Harshe wata hanya ce ta halartar kalmomi da kuma yadda ake amfani da su wajen sadarwa."
4. Dr. Ahmad M. Ahmad
Ya ce: “Harshe wata hanya ce ta sadarwa da mutane ke amfani da ita wajen isar da saƙo, ra’ayi da tunani ta hanyar magana ko rubutu, wanda kowace al’umma ke da nata tsari na harshe.”
5. Prof. Abdullahi Mohammed (Prof. Balarabe)
Ya ce: “Harshe wata hanya ce da al’umma ke amfani da ita wajen bayyana tunaninsu da kuma cudanya da juna, kuma yana ƙunshe da sauti, nahawu da ma’ana.”
6. Dr. Aliyu Kamal
Ya ce: “Harshe wani tsari ne na alamomi da sautuka da aka yarda da su a wata al’umma don sadarwa.”
7. Dr. Bukar Usman
Ya ce: “Harshe wata hanya ce ta isar da saƙo, wadda ke nuna al’ada da tunanin al’umma.”
A takaice, za mu iya cewa harshe hanya ce ta sadarwa da al’umma ke amfani da ita don bayyana tunani, al’ada da hulɗa da juna, kuma yana da tsarin da ya haɗa da sauti, kalmomi da ma’ana.
