11/05/2025
Al-Hajj Abdoulaye bin Mamadou Niasse (mahaifin Sheikh Ibrahim Nyass) (RA)
Ibrahim Niasse yana ɗan shekara ashirin sa’ad da Abdallāh Niasse, babban abin koyinsa, malami, kuma mahaifinsa ya rasu a ranar 9 ga watan Yuli 1922.
Al-Hajj Abdoulaye (1845-1922), ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan malamai a yankin Senegambia (a lokacin kasar Senegal da kasar Gambia kasa daya ce) a farkon karni na ashirin. Wani lokaci ya kasance mai jihadi kuma manomi, daga baya, shi ne farkon wanda ya sami izini mara iyaka (ijaza mutlaqa) a cikin Darikar Tijjaniyya a kasar Senegambia, kuma ya shahara da karantarwar, kan ilimomin Musulunci da dama. A cikin shekarar 1898, kwamandan Faransa a Nioro, Senegal, ya lura cewa: "Abdoulaye shi ne shugaban dukkan marabouts da malamai, kuma ya fi su duka, saboda haka, yana da babban iko a kan talakawa" (duba Klein, shafi na 224).
Mamadou Niasse, mahaifin Al-Hajj Abdoulaye (Kakan Shaykh Ibrahim Nyass), shi ma wani marabout ne, (marabout yana nufin shugaban addini ko malami musulmi, musamman a Arewacin Afirka da Yammacin Afrika), kuma malamin addinin Islama, wanda ya yi hijira zuwa yankin Saloum daga Djoloff kuma ya kafa ƙauyensa na Niacene a shekara ta 1865. Wannan ya kasance a lokacin yakin addini na al-Hajj Umar Futi, wanda aka yi a yankin Saloum. Daga baya Abdoulaye ya shiga yakin a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Saer Maty, dama babu wanda ya karbi jagorancin kungiyar bayan da aka kashe mahaifinsa da makircin Faransa.
Ba da daɗewa ba ya tsame da kansa daga shiga jihadi, amma ya sadaukar da kansa ga koyarwa da noma. Kamar mahaifinsa, shi ma ya kafa ƙauyensa, Taiba Niacene. Amma tunawa da shigarsa a cikin jihadi, tare da karuwar tasirinsa na cikin gida, ya yi yawa ga sabbin shugabannin da Faransa na da a yankin. Wanda s**a nuna rashin yarda da shi, tare da daukarsa a matsayin gagarumar barazana.
A shekara ta 1900, gwamnan da Faransa ta nada, ya tilasta shi da almajiransa 200 su gudu zuwa Gambiya, har ma an kona kauyuka uku na mabiyansa, da s**a hada da Taiba Niacene da babban masallaci da kuma babban dakin karatu da ke cikinsa. Abdoulaye bai sake komawa yankin Saloum sai sau daya a cikin 1910, a karshe ya shiga cikin birnin Kaolack, watakila bayan sa hannu akan wata yarjejiya tsakanin abokinsa, al-Hajj Malik Sy, da hukumomin Faransa.
Al-Hajj Abdoulaye ya yi tafiye-tafiye da dama a kasashen waje. Ya kammala aikin hajjin Makka tun a shekarar 1890. Wasu tafiye-tafiye sun kai shi biranen Fes da Alkahira, a cewar Paul Marty, har da birnin Marseille na kasar Faransa. An ce jami'ar al-Azhar ta ba shi ijaza (izinin karantarwa) a lokacin da yake a Masar.
A cikin birnin Fes, an ba shi littafin Jawahir al-Ma'ani na asali, rubutun hannu na Sidi Ali Harazim, wanda ya shafe sama da shekaru goma a hannun Shaihu Ahmad Tijjani da kansa.
Da farko ya fara shiga cikin Darikar Tijjaniyya ta hanyar silsila ta al-Hajj Umar Futi ta hannun Shaihu Mamadou Diallo a shekarar 1875, Al-Hajj Abdoulaye ya samu alaka da wasu fitattun malaman Tijjaniyya a zamaninsa.
A Maroko, Shahararren Shaihu Ahmad Sukayrij ne ya baiwa al-Hajj Abdoulaye ijaza mutlaqa. Daga baya Shaihu Sukayrij ya ambaci al-Hajj Abdoulaye a daya daga cikin wakokinsa. Al-Hajj Abdoulaye ya kasance tare da Sharif Ahmad bin Saih na Ain Maadi, Algeria (wanda ya ziyarce shi a Senegambia a 1909 da 1913), da Muhammad Ould Cheikh na kabilar Idaw Ali ta Mauritaniya mai tasiri.
Ya kuma kasance yana tattaunawa da al-Hajj Malik Sy. A lokacin da ya fara haduwa da Shaihu Sukayrij don neman ijaza mutlaqa.
Al-Hajj Abdoulaye ya haifi ‘ya’ya da dama wadanda s**a ci gaba da aikin sa na ilimi. Baya ga Shaykh al-Islam Ibrahim Niasse, dansa na farko Muhammad Khalifa Niasse shi ma kwararre ne kuma malami wanda ya yi tafiye-tafiye da yawa. Daga cikin wasu abubuwan, Muhammadu Khalifa ya rubuta wani gagarumin aikin kariya ga Tijjaniyya, wanda Ousmane Kane ya fassara zuwa Faransanci a cikin Triaud and Robinson (eds.), La Tijaniyya (Paris, 2000). Amma daya daga cikin 'ya'yan kannensa, Shaihu Ibrahim, shi ne ya zama mafi girman shaida ga gadon ilimi na Al-Hajj Abdoulaye.
Al-Hajj Abdoulaye ya rasu a ranar 13 ga watan Dhūl-Qaɗa shekara 1340 bayan hijira wanda yayi daidai da 9 ga Yuli 1922, makonni biyu kacal bayan Mālik Sy ya rasu a Tivaouane.
Madogararsa: Martin Klein, Islama da Imperialism a Senegal (Stanford, 1968); Paul Marty, L'Islam a Mauritanie et au Senegal (Paris, 1915); hira da Shaykh Hassan Cisse: Idrissa Dioum.
Fassarar Muhammad Cisse ✍️
