19/12/2025
Tarihin
Kashi na hudu: Mulkinsa (Muhammad Alwali II Reign)
Muhammad Alwali II ya hau karagar mulki a shekara ta 1781, a wani lokaci mai cike da ƙalubale, wanda ya haɗa da rikice-rikicen cikin gida, matsalolin tattalin arziki, da ƙaruwar tasirin malamai. Duk da haka, Alwali ya yi ƙoƙari wajen tafiya da gaskiya, tabbatar da tsari, da kiyaye martabar masarautar Kano. Mulkinsa ya kasance mai ƙarfi a fagen siyasa, addini, da kula da jama’a, kodayake wasu rashin haɗin kai daga cikin gida da rashin isassun kayan yaki sun rage masa damar cika burinsa gaba ɗaya.
da Tsari
Alwali ya ci gaba da tsarin sarauta na gidan Kutumbawa, inda ya tabbatar da cewa gadon mulki zai ci gaba da kasancewa a hannun zuriyar Bagauda. Ya yi ƙoƙari wajen gyara tsarin haraji, gudanar da shari’a da kare hakkokin talakawa, duk da cewa rashin haɗin kai daga wasu manyan fadawa da ‘yan gidan sarauta ya rage tasirin wannan gyara.
Ya mayar da hankali wajen kare ikon masarauta daga rikicin cikin gida, musamman rikicin wasu fadawa da kuma ‘yan uwa da suke neman tasiri a fadar sarki.
Duk da karfin ikon da yake da shi a hukumance, Alwali ya fuskanci matsaloli wajen tabbatar da haɗin kai tsakanin jama’a da sarauta.
Arziki
Alwali ya lura da muhimmancin tattalin arziki wajen ƙarfafa mulki. Ya yi ƙoƙari:
Samun isasshen abinci domin gujewa yunwa,
Kulawa da kasuwanci da samar da yanayi mai kyau ga ‘yan kasuwa,
Rage rikice-rikicen haraji da ake yi wa talakawa, kodayake ba duk matsaloli s**a warware ba.
Duk da waɗannan ƙoƙarin, karancin kayan yaki, rashin isassun rundunoni, da rashin hadin kai daga wasu bangarorin fadar sarki ya sa ya kasance mai rauni a fagen siyasa da tsaro.
da Addini
Alwali ya kasance mai kishin addini da tabbatar da dokokin musulunci. Ya yi ƙoƙarin:
Gyara al’adun da s**a saba wa Musulunci,
Tallafa wa malamai masu gaskiya,
Kawar da abubuwan da ke da alaka da jahilci ko almubazzaranci a cikin fadar sarauta.
Sai dai wannan ƙoƙari ya jawo adawa daga wasu manyan fadawa da wasu sarakuna, musamman waɗanda s**a dogara da tsofaffin al’adu da suke amfana da su. Wannan rashin jituwa ya kasance hanya mai sauƙi ga Fulani da wasu masu jihadi wajen samun goyon baya daga talakawa.
da Wasu Masarautu
Alwali ya yi ƙoƙari wajen ci gaba da kyakkyawar hulɗa da makwabtan masarautu, k**ar Katsina, Gobir da Bornu, domin tabbatar da tsaro da cinikayya. Duk da haka, rikice-rikice a cikin gida da ƙarancin haɗin kai ya rage tasirin wannan hulɗa.
Mulki
Babban ƙalubalen mulkinsa sun haɗa da:
Rikice-rikicen cikin gida, musamman rikicin wasu ‘yan uwa da masu tasiri a fadar sarki,
Tasirin malamai da rashin jituwa da wasu daga cikin su,
Barazanar jihadi daga Fulani, waɗanda ke neman kafa daular Musulunci mai tasiri a Arewa,
Rashin kayan yaki da ƙarancin rundunoni, wanda ya rage damar kare Kano daga hare-hare.
Mulkin Muhammad Alwali II ya kasance mai ƙarfi wajen tabbatar da tsarin sarauta, addini da martabar masarautar Kano, duk da ƙarancin haɗin kai daga cikin gida, matsalolin tattalin arziki, da barazanar jihadi. Wannan yanayi ya kasance tushen manyan ƙalubale da s**a kai ga faduwar Kano a ƙarshen mulkinsa a 1807.