02/06/2026
BANDITRY IN NIGERIA: A FAILURE OF GOVERNMENT, NOT A FAILURE OF CAPACITY
The recent statement by former Chief of Army Staff, Lt. Gen. Tukur Buratai (Rtd.), that bandits can be located if security agencies truly want to find them should provoke serious reflection among Nigerians. His remarks suggest that the continued existence of bandit groups is not necessarily because they are impossible to find, but because the necessary level of commitment, coordination, intelligence gathering, and political will may be lacking.
From a law-and-order perspective, the Nigerian government bears primary responsibility for the persistence of banditry. The first duty of every government is the protection of life and property. This is not merely a political obligation; it is a constitutional responsibility. Citizens surrender certain freedoms to the state in exchange for security and public order. When the state repeatedly fails to provide that security, questions must be asked about its effectiveness and accountability.
Banditry in Nigeria is no longer an occasional security challenge. It has evolved into a parallel government of criminal enterprise. Armed groups operate across large territories, establish camps in forests, collect ransoms, impose illegal taxes on communities, and sometimes openly challenge the authority of the state. Such activities do not occur in secrecy. They require movement of people, weapons, supplies, money, and intelligence. It is difficult to believe that these networks can exist for years without leaving footprints that can be tracked by a determined security apparatus.
Indeed, Nigeria has repeatedly demonstrated that it possesses significant security capabilities when it chooses to deploy them. Security agencies have successfully located and arrested political suspects, organized crime figures, separatist leaders, and cybercriminals. The same technological tools, intelligence networks, surveillance capabilities, and military resources should be available for combating bandits. If these resources can be used effectively in other contexts, Nigerians are entitled to ask why the bandit problem remains unresolved.
Another troubling issue is the perception of inconsistency. Citizens often observe that government responds swiftly when political interests are threatened but appears less effective when ordinary villagers are kidnapped, displaced, or killed. This creates the impression that some threats receive greater attention than others. Whether fair or not, such perceptions erode public confidence in government institutions and weaken trust in the rule of law.
The consequences are severe. Communities lose faith in the state and begin to rely on vigilante groups, ethnic militias, and other informal security structures. While these groups may provide temporary protection, they also risk creating new security challenges and undermining the state's monopoly on the lawful use of force. Once citizens begin to believe that they must defend themselves because government cannot protect them, the foundations of law and order become dangerously weakened.
Buratai's statement therefore raises a fundamental question: if bandits can be located, why are they still operating with such devastating effectiveness? The answer may not lie in the absence of capacity but in failures of leadership, coordination, intelligence utilization, accountability, and political determination.
Ultimately, a government cannot indefinitely blame bandits for insecurity without accepting responsibility for failing to stop them. Criminals are expected to commit crimes. The true measure of government is its ability to prevent, detect, and punish those crimes. On that score, Nigerians have every right to demand better.
ECULAW DISCLAIMER
This article is provided for public education and commentary purposes only. It does not constitute legal advice. The views expressed are analytical opinions intended to encourage public discussion on governance, security, and accountability. Readers requiring legal assistance should consult a qualified legal practitioner.
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