07/11/2025
Gamsasshen bayani game da "Maddu al-Aṣlī (المد الأصلي)" da "Maddu al-Far‘ī (المد الفرعي)" — waɗanda sune ginshiƙai a cikin ilimin Tajwīd (tsarin karatun Al-Qur’ān).
🌿 1️⃣ Ma’anar Maddu
Maddu (المدّ) a lugga (harshe) yana nufin miƙa ko tsawaita sauti.
A cikin ilimin Tajwīd kuma, yana nufin:
> Tsawaita ɗayan haruffan madd (ا ـ ي ـ و) lokacin da akwai abin da ya cancanci hakan.
🌸 2️⃣ Maddu Aṣlī (المدّ الأصلي)
➤ Ma’anarsa:
“Asali” na nufin tushen maddu, wato maddu wanda babu wani dalili da yasa aka tsawaita shi sai kasancewar harafin madd da kansa.
➤ Sunansa:
Ana kuma kiransa Maddu Ṭabī‘ī (المدّ الطبيعي) – wato maddu na halitta, saboda halittar harafin madd ce kawai ke kawo shi.
➤ Haruffan Maddu Aslī guda uku:
1. Alif (ا) idan fataha ta zo kafin ta (مثال: قَالَ – qāla)
2. Wāw (و) idan ḍamma ta zo kafin ta (مثال: يَقُولُ – yaqūlu)
3. Yā’ (ي) idan kasra ta zo kafin ta (مثال: قِيلَ – qīla)
➤ Tsawon karatu:
Ana karantawa da ḥarakōi 2 (wato harafi ɗaya tsawaita kamar daidaiton "aa", "ii", "uu").
➤ Misalai:
Kalma Harafin Madd Nau’in Madd Tsawon Karatu
قَالَ Alif bayan fataha Maddu Asli 2 ḥaraka
يَقُولُ Waw bayan ḍamma Maddu Asli 2 ḥaraka
قِيلَ Ya bayan kasra Maddu Asli 2 ḥaraka
🌺 3️⃣ Maddu Far‘ī (المدّ الفرعي)
➤ Ma’anarsa:
“Far‘i” yana nufin na rassa ko na reshe. Wato maddu wanda ya samo asali daga Maddu Aṣlī, amma akwai wani dalili da ya tilasta a ƙara tsawon sauti.
➤ Dalilan da ke haifar da Maddu Far‘i:
1. Hamsa (ء) – alamar tsalle.
2. Sukūn ( ْ ) – wato babu motsi.
Idan ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan ya biyo bayan harafin madd, sai maddu ya koma far‘i.
➤ Nau’o’in Maddu Far‘i (manyan nau’o’i):
Nau’i Dalili Tsawon karatu Misali
Maddu Muttasil (متصل) Hamsa a cikin kalma ɗaya bayan harafin madd 4–5 ḥaraka جَاءَ، سُوءٌ
Maddu Munfasil (منفصل) Hamsa a farkon
Domin Samun cikakken bayani Kushiga man hajar whatsapp
https://chat.whatsapp.com/LbOIa2haocZGgJYAJbKWeS?mode=wwt