22/09/2025
Iloilo City is a highly urbanized center in the Western Visayas region of the Philippines, holding significant economic, cultural, and historical importance. It serves as the capital of Iloilo province and the regional center of Western Visayas, as well as the center of the Iloilo-Guimaras Metropolitan Area.
Historical Significance
Iloilo City's history dates back to the Spanish colonial period, growing from a small group of fishing hamlets along the Iloilo River. In 1855, it became the second most important port in the colony due to the sugar trade from nearby Negros Island. The Queen Regent of Spain gave it the title "La Muy Noble Ciudad," meaning "The Most Noble City". It also served as the last capital of the Spanish Empire in Asia.
Iloilo City was known as the "Queen City of the South" because of its economic and historical significance, particularly during the Spanish colonial era.
Iloilo's loyalty to the Spanish crown during the revolution earned it the title "La Muy Noble Ciudad" (The Most Noble City) by the Queen Regent Maria Cristina of Spain in 1896. This title reflected the city's initial support for the Spanish government during the Philippine Revolution.
Economic Powerhouse
Iloilo was a major economic center in the region until World War II, driven by its flourishing sugar industry and status as a key port. The opening of Iloilo's port to the world market in 1855 boosted its industry and agriculture, particularly the sugar trade with neighboring Negros Island.
Economic Hub
Iloilo City is a major economic center with diverse job opportunities in the business, agriculture, and IT sectors. It has attracted numerous banks, financial institutions, retail giants, and IT corporations, leading to its recognition as the "Most Business-Friendly Highly-Urbanized City outside of Metro Manila" in 2020 by the Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PCCI). The city is also known for its urban planning and real estate development.
Cultural and Tourism Center
Iloilo City is known for its well-preserved Spanish colonial architecture, historical landmarks, and cultural festivals. Key attractions include:
• Calle Real: The old downtown area showcasing unique architecture from the Commonwealth era.
• Molo Church: A Gothic Renaissance church made of coral rock, also known as the "church of women".
• Jaro Cathedral: The seat of the Jaro Archbishopric, famous for its shrine of Our Lady of Candles.
• Iloilo River Esplanade: A well-landscaped linear park along the Iloilo River.
The city is also known for its festivals, including the Dinagyang Festival, a religious and cultural event held every fourth weekend of January to honor the Santo Niño.
Culinary Arts
Iloilo City was designated as a UNESCO Creative City of Gastronomy, the first in the Philippines. It offers exceptional gastronomic delights with influences from Spanish and Chinese cuisine. Popular dishes include La Paz Batchoy and Pancit Molo.
Educational Center
Iloilo City is a regional hub for education, hosting several prominent academic institutions. These include Central Philippine University (CPU), the University of San Agustin, and West Visayas State University.
