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Mr scientist, Gilgit (2025)

03/04/2025

Scientists put a human brain gene called *NOVA1* into mice using genetic engineering. They found that these mice had slightly different brains—with better connections between brain cells—and were smarter at learning new tasks. The mice also made different sounds, but they couldn’t talk like humans.

This study shows that small changes in genes can affect how brains develop and work. It helps us understand how human brains evolved to be so advanced. The research might also help scientists study brain disorders like autism.

But human intelligence is very complex, so this is just one small part of the story. Also, changing animal genes with human DNA raises ethical questions. Next, scientists will study other genes to learn more about how our brains work.

In simple terms: A human gene made mice brains work a little more like ours, giving clues about how humans became so smart.

31/03/2025

Here's a simple explanation:

**Genetically modified (GM) mosquitoes** have been released in the **USA (Florida)** to fight diseases like **Zika, dengue, and yellow fever**.

# # # How it works:
- Only **male GM mosquitoes** (which don’t bite) are released.
- They mate with wild female mosquitoes (the ones that bite and spread diseases).
- Their **female offspring die early**, while males survive and pass on the same gene.
- Over time, the number of disease-spreading female mosquitoes decreases, possibly reducing disease transmission.

# # # Why do this?
- **Aedes aegypti** mosquitoes (the target) spread most mosquito-borne diseases but are only **4%** of the mosquito population.
- This method is an **alternative to insecticides**, which mosquitoes are becoming resistant to.

# # # Has it worked before?
Yes! In **Brazil, Panama, and other countries**, this method reduced the Aedes aegypti population by **over 90%**.

# # # Is this the first time in the US?
No, but it’s the first for mosquitoes. Other GM insects, like **moths and bollworms**, have been tested in **New York and Arizona**.

# # # Goal:
If successful, this could be a **safe, long-term way** to control disease-carrying mosquitoes **without chemicals**.

27/03/2025

**Scientists in Japan Create Medicine to Grow New Teeth**

A team in Japan, led by Dr. Katsu Takahashi, is working on a special drug that could help people regrow lost teeth. Normally, humans get only two sets of teeth (baby teeth and adult teeth), but scientists found that we actually have a hidden third set that never grows.

They discovered a protein called **USAG-1** that stops these extra teeth from forming. By blocking this protein with a new drug, they successfully made mice and ferrets grow new teeth. Now, they’re testing it on humans.

# # # **How It Started:**
- In 2005, scientists noticed that mice without USAG-1 grew extra teeth.
- After years of research, they developed a drug to block USAG-1 in humans.

# # # **What’s Next?**
- **2024:** Testing on adults who lost their back teeth (molars).
- **2025:** Testing on children born with missing teeth.
- If successful, the treatment could be available by **2030**, costing around **$9,800**.

# # # **Challenges Left:**
- Making sure the new teeth grow correctly.
- Checking if the effect lasts long-term.

If this works, it could replace dentures and implants, giving people natural teeth again! 🚀🦷

*(Simplified from the original post by Dr. Suhail Jeelani.)*

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