05/09/2024
𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐰 𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 - 𝐎𝐢𝐥 & 𝐆𝐚𝐬, 𝐅𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐳𝐞𝐫, 𝐑𝐞𝐟𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐒𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧-𝟏
𝐏𝐚𝐫𝐭-𝟏- 𝐇𝐞𝐚𝐥𝐭𝐡 𝐒𝐚𝐟𝐞𝐭𝐲 & 𝐄𝐧𝐯𝐢𝐫𝐨𝐧𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐇𝐒𝐄
Permit to Work System (PTW);
Questions & Answers
Q-1. What is PTW System?
Ans-1: Documented Procedure that authorizes to do work is called PTW System (Ops & Main)
Q-2. Why do we need Permit?
Ans-2: To maintain & improve Safety standards (PTW Audit). To keep record of non-Routine activities (6 Month normally). To meat HSE standards. To avoid incidents, minimize risks. To make performing party "Accountable "
Q-3: Write Types of Work Permits?
Ans-3
Types-1. Hot Work permit Flame Hot Work permit / Open flame hot work permit/ (In this permit direct flame is evolved) (Permit Validity 7 days)
Type-2. Critical Work permit No Flame hot work permit. Cold work permit. (Validity 14 Days)
Type-3. General work permit (Validity 14 Days)
Certificates:
1- Confined Space Certificate
2- Excavation Certificate
3- Vehicle Entry Certificate.
4- Diving Certificate (Offshore)
5- Hot Tapping Certificate
6- Temporary defeat, Force Bridge Certificate
7- Isolation Certificate
Write Confined Space Entry Checks?
1- Isolation (Method 4)
2- Depressurize/Draining/Flushing/Purging
3- Emergency Rescue Plan
(With BA Set, Emergency Response team)
4- Ventilation Plan (Lighting arrangement)
5- Communication (Motorola/IS rated Mob/Rope /Torch/signals /Whistle)
6-Continue Gas testing (Initial Gas test Just before entry by area operator)
7- Watch Man or Hole Man (Entry board Time-in Time-Out)
Q-4: Someone trapped inside Confined Space what is your actions as watch man?
Ans- Stop the job. Inform Rescue team/Control Room. Ensure remaining personal evacuation (Time-Out) at safe location. Permit will be cancelled
Q-5: What are Isolation Methods?
Method-1 Single isolation
Method-2 Double isolation also called Positive isolation
Method-3 Block & Bleed
Method-4 All3 + Blinding
Q-6: You are going to open/issue Permit in the field. what things will you ensure before signing the Critical work permit/No flame hot work permit. Write all.?
Ans- Ensure date & expiry. Ensure description
(Equipment tag). Must open permit in the field (Location/Tag/ verify physically). Ensure zero energy. (equipment depressurized Purged flashed). Gas test done (LEL/ H2S / Flammability Toxicity checked. Wind direction (may be gas leak)/ Muster point/ Safety equipment location you should know. Ensure Signatures of all concerned authorities
Q-8: Write Permit Attachments
1- Job Safety Analysis (JSA)
2- Isolation Certificate
3- P&ID
4- MSDS
5- Defeat/Bypass/Override form
6- In case of Confined Space Entry certificate
rescue Plan
7- Ventilation Plan
8- Lifting Plan (Critical lifting more than 10 Ton weight to be lift)
All above mentioned certificates can be attached depending upon the nature of job.
𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐰 𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 - 𝐒𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧-𝟏 𝐇𝐒𝐄 - 𝐏𝐚𝐫𝐭-𝟐
What is JSA or JRA?
Job Safety Analysis or Job Risk Assessment is Simply Hazards involved in the job & their controls (Stepwise) is called JSA or JRA.
Example: You have to remove PSV/ PRV from Gas Circuit
Hazards are
(Hazard-1) High Pressure (Energy)
Control: Isolate the PRV & depressurize (Show Zero Energy to Permit Holder)
(Hazard-2) Flammable, Toxic Gas (Gas Release)
Control: Do Continues Gas Monitoring. In case of Gas leak. You should know Wind direction, Muster point location, exit route is clear
(Hazard-3) Manual Handling Hot Surface pinch points etc.
Control: Use PPEs, Follow Procedure, let the temperature down
(Hazard-4) Lifting activity Falling Object
Control: Use Proper Tool & Technique Barricade the area
(Hazard-5) Weather High (Wind, temperature, Rain)
Control: Stop the job. Take rest cycle Follow procedure as per weather condition.
(Minimum 2 person required to prepare JSA)
Hierarchy of Control?
How to Control risks, Hazards.
1- Eliminate the risk (Remove the risk don't do the job postpone it to Turnaround)
2- Minimize the risk
3- Engineering Control
4- Administrative Control
5- PPEs
𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐰 𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 - 𝐒𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧-𝟏 𝐇𝐒𝐄 - 𝐏𝐚𝐫𝐭-𝟑 (𝐓𝐨𝐨𝐥 𝐁𝐨𝐱 𝐌𝐞𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠):
Before going to start job, detailed discussion is held on relevant job that is called Tool Box meeting.
(To be discussed) in TBT;
Work activity. JSA should be discussed. which type of Tools to be used. Your action in case of emergency.
Everything thing is discussed to ensure that everything is safe & everyone knows his responsibilities, Permit holder should judge his team & their competency level to avoid incidents
Last minute Risk Assessment LMRA. Get signature from all participants.
𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐰 𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 - 𝐒𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧-𝟏 𝐇𝐒𝐄 - 𝐏𝐚𝐫𝐭-𝟒:
Defeat/Force Bridge/Security Bypass: Defeat is provided to avoid Tripping while handing over critical devices. (Pressure, Temperature, Level, Flow Transmitters, Scanners & all PLC related switches.
Before permit open apply defeat first. Get approval inform panel and Instrument tech will ensure Tag cross checked by operations. then apply defeat.
First close or suspend the permit then normalize defeat.
𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐰 𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 - 𝐒𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧-𝟏 𝐇𝐒𝐄 𝐏𝐚𝐫𝐭-𝟓 (𝐇𝐚𝐳𝐚𝐫𝐝𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐀𝐫𝐞𝐚 𝐂𝐥𝐚𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧):
1. Gas Detection System
2. Fire Detection & Suppression
Hazardous Area Classification:
Zone-O: Zone-0 is an area where Explosive atmosphere (Gas, Hydrocarbons) is present almost all the time, most of the time (Example, Process Area)
Zone-1: Zone-1 is an area where Explosive atmosphere is present occasionally (Not all the time)
Zone-2: Zone-2 is an area where Explosive atmosphere is not present in normal operation. (Example, Utility Fire water,Air Compressor).
Gas Detection System: At plant gas detectors are installed at possible gas leak locations (Zone-O area) to detect leak well in time to avoid emergency situation.
Type
1- Single Gas Detectors
2- Multi Gas Detectors
Types on base of technologies
1- Electrochemical GDTs
2- Catalytic GDTs
3- Infrared (IR) GDTs
4- Photo ionization GDTs
Normally Type 2 Multi Gas Detectors Catalytic are being used. During Purging in inert atmosphere (Oxygen O2 deficiency). IR infrared Gas detectors are used.
Fire Detection System: Like gas detectors Fire detectors also installed at possible fire locations.
Types
1. Ionization smoke detectors
2. Photoelectric smoke detectors
3. Ionization Photoelectric smoke detectors (combination)
4. Heat detectors (Fusible Loops)
Operating pressure normally 7Bar at 5Bar Process Shutdown PSD at 1 Bar Emergency Shutdown ESD. May vary as per company SOP’s.
Fire Suppression:
1- Fire Water
2- Fire Extinguisher (DCP, CO2)
3- Deluge System
4- Foam
5- FM200
Fire suppression system (FM200 is Colorless, odorless environment friendly gas that decreases the temperature
Fire Triangle:
1. Fuel
2. Source of ignition (Temperature)
3. Air O2 (Minimum 10% Oxygen O2 required for Fire)
Classes of Fire:
Class A Fire: Wood, Paper, Cloth (Water, DCP, CO2)
Class B Fire: Flammable Gases, Volatile Liquid (Water, CO2, DCP, Foam)
Class C Fire: Electrical Fire (CO2, DCP)
Class D Fire: Metallic Fire (DCP, CO2, Water)
Class K Fire: Kitchen Fire (Water, DCP, CO2)
Fire Extinguishing:
Quenching: By decreasing Temperature
Starvation: Cut Fuel Source
Smothering: Cut Oxygen
𝐘𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐯𝐚𝐥𝐮𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐬𝐮𝐠𝐠𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐰𝐞𝐥𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐞.
