11/23/2025
The triumph of Shapur I, Naqsh e Rostam, Iran.
Roman Emperor Philip the Arab kneeling in front of Persian Emperor Shapur I, begging for peace, and the standing emperor represents Valerian who was taken captive by the Persian army in 260 CE. Behind the king stands Kirtir, the mūbadān mūbad ('high priest'), the most powerful of the Zoroastrian Magi during the history of Iran.
Read more: https://news156media.com/the-kingdom-of-the-father-and-the-son-the-greatest-shame-of-the-roman-empire/
In his inscription, Shapur I - the Sasanian King of Kings - claims possession of the territory of the Kushans (Kūšān šahr) as far as "Purushapura" (Peshawar), suggesting he controlled Bactria and areas as far as the Hindu-Kush or even south of it:
“I, the Mazda-worshipping lord, Shapur, king of kings of Iran and An-Iran… (I) am the Master of the Domain of Iran (Ērānšahr) and possess the territory of Persis, Parthian… Hindestan, the Domain of the Kushan up to the limits of Paškabur and up to Kash, Sughd, and Chachestan.”