Epidemiology

06/07/2019

A Conversation with Carol J. Hogue : Epidemiology

#Voices: A Conversation with Carol J. Hogue

In a video interview Dr. Meg McCann talks with Carol J. Hogue about her career in #epidemiology

An abstract is unavailable.

06/07/2019

Corwin M. Zigler, Winner of the 2019 Rothman Epidemiology... : Epidemiology

The Editors and Editorial Board of Epidemiology are pleased to announce the selection of Corwin M. Zigler as the winner of this year’s Rothman Epidemiology Prize!

Dr. Zigler’s winning paper, titled “Impact of National Ambient Air Quality Standards Nonattainment Designations on Particulate Pollution and Health,” appeared in our March 2018 issue.

An abstract is unavailable.

06/06/2019

A Practical Guide to Selection Bias in Instrumental... : Epidemiology

#Commentary #Methods

A Practical Guide to Selection Bias in Instrumental Variable Analyses

from Sonja Swanson
#DAG #SelectionBias

An abstract is unavailable.

06/06/2019

Selection Bias When Estimating Average Treatment Effects... : Epidemiology

#OriginalArticle #Methods

Selection Bias When Estimating Average Treatment Effects Using One-sample Instrumental Variable Analysis

from Rachael Hughes
#OpenAccess #DAG #SelectionBias

nstrumental variable (IV) analysis are not widely understood by practitioners of IV analyses. We use directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) to depict assumptions about the selection mechanism (factors affecting selection) and show how DAGs can be used to determine when a two-stage least squares IV analysis....

06/06/2019

Selecting Optimal Subgroups for Treatment Using Many... : Epidemiology

#OriginalArticle #Methods

Selecting Optimal Subgroups for Treatment Using Many Covariates

from Tyler VanderWeele
#OpenAccess

esources are not constrained; (3) treatment selection in the presence of side effects and costs; and (4) treatment selection to maximize effect heterogeneity. We show that, in each of these cases, the optimal treatment selection rule involves treating those for whom the predicted mean difference in....

06/06/2019

Corwin M. Zigler, Winner of the 2019 Rothman Epidemiology... : Epidemiology

Corwin M. Zigler, Winner of the 2019 Rothman Epidemiology... : Epidemiology

An abstract is unavailable.

06/05/2019

Smoking and Influenza-associated Morbidity and Mortality: A ... : Epidemiology

#ReviewArticle #Smoking

Smoking and Influenza-associated Morbidity and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

from Lefei Han, Lin Yang
#SystematicReview #Influenza #Flu

admissions, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, and deaths. Methods: We searched the databases of PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure for all observational studies published between 1 January 2000 and 30 November 2017 on ever-active/secondhand smoking and influe...

06/05/2019

Sun Smoke in Sweden: Perinatal Implications of the Laki... : Epidemiology

#BriefReport #EnvironmentalEpidemiology

Sun Smoke in Sweden: Perinatal Implications of the Laki Volcanic Eruptions, 1783–1784

from Joan Casey, Alison Gemmill, Holly Elser, Deborah Karasek, Ralph Catalano

tudies have investigated their perinatal health implications. Methods: Using the Human Mortality Database, we assessed the association between the Laki event and the secondary sex ratio, infant mortality rates, and the number of births from 1751 to 1800 with time-series models that controlled for te...

06/05/2019

Misclassification of Sex Assigned at Birth in the... : Epidemiology

Epidemiology - Published Ahead-of-Print:

Misclassification of Sex Assigned at Birth in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and Transgender Reproductive Health: A Quantitative Bias Analysis
from Tordoff, Diana; Andrasik, Michele; Hajat, Anjum

Find it in the Original Article: PDF Only section

ty. Although the BRFSS provides much needed data on the this population, these respondents are vulnerable to misclassification of sex assigned at birth. Methods: We applied quantitative bias analysis to explore the magnitude and direction of the systematic bias present as a result of this misclassif...

06/05/2019

Misuse of Regression Adjustment for Additional Confounders... : Epidemiology

Epidemiology - Published Ahead-of-Print:

Misuse of Regression Adjustment for Additional Confounders Following Insufficient Propensity-Score Balancing
from Shinozaki, Tomohiro; Nojima, Masanori

Find it in the Original Article: PDF Only section

n the PS and the stratification post PS balancing, several studies adjust for additional confounders in the stratification while ignoring the covariates that have been balanced by the PS. We show the bias arising from such partial adjustments for distinct sets of confounders by PS and regression or....

06/05/2019

Causal Mediation Analysis for Standardized Mortality Ratios : Epidemiology

Epidemiology - Published Ahead-of-Print:

Causal Mediation Analysis for Standardized Mortality Ratios
from Daignault, Katherine; Lawson, Keith A.; Finelli, Antonio; Saarela, Olli

Find it in the Original Article: PDF Only section

pathway of care that the patients received. Such pathways can be naturally addressed in a causal mediation analysis framework. Adopting causal mediation models allows the total provider effect on outcome to be decomposed into direct and indirect (mediated) effects. This in turn enables quantificatio...

06/05/2019

Epidemiology of IncarcerationCharacterizing Jail Incarceration for Public Health Research

Epidemiology - Video:

Epidemiology of IncarcerationCharacterizing Jail Incarceration for Public Health Research
from Ricky Camplain

Find it in the section

Dr. Camplain presents a video abstract for herarticle, “Epidemiology of IncarcerationCharacterizing Jail Incarceration for Public Health Research”

06/05/2019

A Conversation with Carol J. Hogue

Epidemiology - Video:

A Conversation with Carol J. Hogue
from Timothy L. Lash

Find it in the section

Dr. Lash presents a videointerview moderated by Dr. Meg McCann, “A Conversation with Carol J. Hogue”

06/05/2019

Bounding Bias Due to Selection

Epidemiology - Video:

Bounding Bias Due to Selection
from Louisa H. Smith

Find it in the section

Dr. Smith presents a video abstract for herarticle, “Bounding Bias Due to Selection”

06/05/2019

Prenatal Exposure to Endocrine-disrupting Chemicals in... : Epidemiology

#OriginalArticle #PerinatalEpidemiology

Prenatal Exposure to Endocrine-disrupting Chemicals in Relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability

from Ghassan Hamra
#Autism #Biomarkers #Bayesian

lth impacts in a single regression framework. Methods: We applied Bayesian statistical tools (including shared mean and mixture priors for 25 unique chemicals) to study independent associations of endocrine disruptor biomarkers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (n = 491) and intellectual disabilit...

06/05/2019

Intake of Antioxidants in Relation to Infertility Treatment ... : Epidemiology

#OriginalArticle #PerinatalEpidemiology

Intake of Antioxidants in Relation to Infertility Treatment Outcomes with Assisted Reproductive Technologies

from Ming-Chieh Li
#Antioxidants #Infertility #Pregnancy #Vitamins

arotenoids with outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs). Methods: We followed 349 women undergoing a total of 588 ART cycles for infertility treatment at the Massachusetts General Hospital. We assessed antioxidant intakes from food and supplements before treatment using a validated foo...

06/04/2019

A Latent Spatial Factor Approach for Synthesizing... : Epidemiology

#OriginalArticle #SocialEpidemiology

A Latent Spatial Factor Approach for Synthesizing Opioid-Associated Deaths and Treatment Admissions in Ohio Counties

from Staci Hepler, David Kline
#Opioids #SpatialEpidemiology

th and treatment counts to compare the relative burden across counties and assess associations with social environmental covariates. Methods: We construct a generalized spatial factor model to jointly model death and treatment rates for each county. For each outcome, we specify a spatial rates param...

06/04/2019

Estimating Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Prevention... : Epidemiology

#OriginalArticle #Methods

Estimating Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Prevention Effects in Low-incidence Settings

from Jacqueline Rudolph
#HIV #PrEP

r-incidence settings, like Sub-Saharan Africa, may not apply to US women owing to differences in age, sexual behavior, coinfections, and adherence. Methods: We propose a novel strategy for evaluating PrEP efficacy in the United States using data from both settings to obtain four parameters: (1) inte...

06/04/2019

Potential Country-level Health and Cost Impacts of... : Epidemiology

#OriginalArticle #Smoking

Potential Country-level Health and Cost Impacts of Legalizing Domestic Sale of Vaporized Nicotine Products

from Frederieke Petrovic-van der Deen
#Modeling #Nicotine #Vaporizers #Vaping

ate life-table model of 16 tobacco-related diseases to simulate lifetime quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and health system costs at a 0% discount rate. We incorporated transitions from never, former, and current smoker states to, and from, regularly using vaporized nicotine and literature estima...

06/03/2019

Gender, Depression, and Blue-collar Work: A Retrospective... : Epidemiology

#OriginalArticle #OccupationalEpidemiology

Gender, Depression, and Blue-collar Work: A Retrospective Cohort Study of US Aluminum Manufacturers

from Holly Elser
#Gender #Depression #Cohort

- and white-collar workers employed by a single US aluminum manufacturer from 2003 to 2013. Using Cox proportional hazards regression, we modeled time to first episode of treated depression by gender and occupational class. Among cases, we modeled rates of depression-related service utilization with...

05/26/2019

Sun Smoke in Sweden: Perinatal Implications of the Laki... : Epidemiology

Epidemiology - Most Popular Articles:

Sun Smoke in Sweden: Perinatal Implications of the Laki Volcanic Eruptions, 1783–1784
from Casey, Joan A.; Gemmill, Alison; Elser, Holly; Karasek, Deborah; Catalano, Ralph

Find it in the Environmental Epidemiology section

tudies have investigated their perinatal health implications. Methods: Using the Human Mortality Database, we assessed the association between the Laki event and the secondary sex ratio, infant mortality rates, and the number of births from 1751 to 1800 with time-series models that controlled for te...

05/24/2019

Estimating Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Prevention... : Epidemiology

#MostPopularArticles #May2019

Estimating Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Prevention Effects in Low-incidence Settings - from Rudolph, Jacqueline E.; Cole, Stephen R.; Eron, Joseph J.; Kashuba, Angela D.; Adimora, Adaora A.

#Methods #epidemiology

r-incidence settings, like Sub-Saharan Africa, may not apply to US women owing to differences in age, sexual behavior, coinfections, and adherence. Methods: We propose a novel strategy for evaluating PrEP efficacy in the United States using data from both settings to obtain four parameters: (1) inte...

05/23/2019

Whither Occupational Class Health Gradients?: Why We Need... : Epidemiology

#MostPopularArticles #May2019

Why We Need More Social Class Theory, Mechanisms, Indicators, and Scientific Realism - from Carles Muntaner at University of Toronto School of Public Health

An abstract is unavailable.

05/20/2019

Causal Inference in Environmental Epidemiology: Old and New ... : Epidemiology

Causal Inference in Environmental Epidemiology: Old and New ... : Epidemiology

An abstract is unavailable.

04/08/2019

Assessing Individuals’ Exposure to Environmental Conditions Using Residence-based Measures, Activity Location–based Measures, and Activity P https://buff.ly/2YWUMbR

03/13/2019

Is the Smog Lifting? Causal Inference in Environmental... : Epidemiology

Is the Smog Lifting?

The scope of #causalinference, how it gets misconstrued, and opportunities to improve environmental epidemiology research - from Dr. Dana Flanders and Michael Garber at Rollins School of Public Health

https://journals.lww.com/epidem/Abstract/publishahead/Is_the_Smog_Lifting__Causal_Inference_in.98578.aspx

argue, many, perhaps all, contributors to modern causal-inference methods would also agree. These areas of agreement include the idea that causal-inference methods should represent a range approaches such as studies that emulate randomized experiments if possible and use of instrumental variables. W...

03/12/2019

Epidemiology

Subscribe to our YouTube channel for in-depth interviews with experts and video abstracts from our authors!

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Epidemiology, published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Epidemiology publishes original research from all fields of epidemiology. The journal also welcomes...

03/11/2019

Sun smoke in Sweden: Perinatal implications of the Laki... : Epidemiology

Volcanic Eruptions and Environmental Epidemiology:

Sun smoke in Sweden: Perinatal implications of the Laki volcanic eruptions, 1783-1784

from Joan Casey and colleagues at UC Berkeley UC Berkeley School of Public Health

https://journals.lww.com/epidem/Abstract/publishahead/Sun_smoke_in_Sweden__Perinatal_implications_of_the.98581.aspx

03/08/2019

Within-community Variation in Violence and Risk of... : Epidemiology

#Letter to the Editor:

Within-community Variation in Violence and Risk of Self-harm in California: A Population-based Case-crossover Study

From: Ellicott Matthay UC Berkeley School of Public Health UC-Berkeley

https://journals.lww.com/epidem/Fulltext/2019/03000/Within_community_Variation_in_Violence_and_Risk_of.23.aspx

An abstract is unavailable.

03/07/2019

Wolters Kluwer Health

From the #aging section:
Authors Kan Gianattasio, Qiong Wu, Maria Glymour, and Melinda Power use Health and Retirement Study #data to compare algorithms for classifying #dementia status.

The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The George Washington University #openaccess
https://bit.ly/2Eo6l3W

The page you requested on Epidemiology cannot be found. The page may have been removed, had its name changed, or is temporarily unavailable.

02/27/2019

Accuracy of Self-reported Abnormal Pap Smears Among... : Epidemiology

#Cancer Section Epidemiology:

Accuracy of Self-reported Abnormal Pap Smears Among Reproductive-age African-American Women

From authors Kristen Moore and Donna Baird

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
https://bit.ly/2SlgmCI

ars of age in the Detroit, MI, recruited from 2010 to 2012. Methods: We compared self-reported data on 2-year history of abnormal Pap smear to medical Pap record data (the gold standard) obtained from eligible participants. Sensitivity and specificity were evaluated to summarize the accuracy of the....

02/26/2019

Is the Association Between Pregnancy Weight Gain and Fetal... : Epidemiology

#ChildHealth Section Epidemiology:

Is the Association Between Pregnancy Weight Gain and Fetal Size Causal? A Re-examination Using a Sibling Comparison Design

Jennifer Hutcheon from University of British Columbia, Lisa Bodnar from Pitt Public Health, and Kari Johansson from Karolinska-Institut
https://bit.ly/2SRkqPr
#openaccess

arison design to control for unmeasured confounding by genetic and shared environmental factors. Methods: Our study population included 44,457 infants (21,680 women) with electronic medical records in the Stockholm–Gotland Obstetrical Database, 2008–2014. We standardized pregnancy weight gain in...

02/25/2019

Adjusting the Effect of Integrating Antiretroviral Therapy... : Epidemiology

#Pharmacoepidemiology Section Epidemiology:

Adjusting the Effect of Integrating Antiretroviral Therapy and Tuberculosis Treatment on Mortality for Noncompliance https://bit.ly/2tiVaCY

From Nonhlanhla Yende-Zuma at University of KwaZulu-Natal Caprisa #SACEMA

pliance, we used instrumental variables (IV) analyses. Methods: We studied 642 HIV-TB co-infected patients from the Starting Antiretroviral Therapy at Three Points in Tuberculosis trial. Patients were assigned to start ART either early or late during TB treatment or after TB treatment completion. We...

02/22/2019

Note on ‘‘Generalizability of Study Results‘‘ : Epidemiology

From the #Methods section Epidemiology:

A Note on Generalizability of Study Results.
https://bit.ly/2tgvQ0D

Authors Judea Pearl and Elias Bareinboim discuss #causalinference, potential outcomes, and model-based data fusion as they relate to #generalizability UCLA Health UCLA

An abstract is unavailable.

02/21/2019

Assessing Individuals’ Exposure to Environmental Conditions ... : Epidemiology

Not all environmental exposure measures perform the same.

Christopher Morrison at Columbia Public Health evaluated the correlation between different #environmental exposure measures in the March issue of @EpidemiologyLWW
https://bit.ly/2DC7WS6

Columbia University in the City of New York #environmentalscience

compare exposure measures and (2) assess whether exposure measures were differentially associated with alcohol consumption. Methods: We tracked 231 adolescents 14–16 years of age from the San Francisco Bay Area for 4 weeks in 2015/2016 using global positioning systems (GPS). Participants were text...