11/25/2025
In One Faith, in One Love, in One Church: A Moment of Hope and a Call to Return
by Bishop Zachaeous
Last Sunday, in commemoration of the 1,700th anniversary of the first ecumenical gathering at First Council of Nicaea (325 AD), Pope Leo XIV issued an Apostolic Letter titled In Unitate Fidei (“In the Unity of Faith”).  In that letter he recalls the text of the Nicene‑Constantinopolitan Creed in its original form, without the addition of the Latin phrase Filioque. This is, for the Orthodox Christian mind and heart, no small thing.
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The Creed: More Than Dogma, It Is Prayer
The Creed formulated at Nicaea and refined at Constantinople (381) has never been simply a theological statement among many; it is the living, liturgical, incarnational confession of the Church. It is sung in every Divine Liturgy; it is breathed into every Baptism; it is etched into the life of the Church. When we say, “I believe …” we are not uttering a summary of beliefs, but entering into a communal, historical, and transcendent proclamation of the one God who has revealed Himself to us.
For the Orthodox, the integrity of that text is not up for negotiation — it is for faithful proclamation. The words were crafted by the undivided Church of the first centuries as an act of worship, not as a marketing slogan or modern treaty. The words shape our understanding of Father, Son and Holy Spirit; our vision of salvation, the Church, and the world.
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The Filioque: A Wound in the Creed’s Stream
The Latin term Filioque (“and from the Son”) was inserted into the Western version of the Creed to affirm that the Holy Spirit proceeds “from the Father and the Son.” Eastern Orthodox Christians object principally on two grounds: theological (the meaning of the Spirit’s procession) and canonical (the unilateral addition to the Creed). Scholars generally agree that although local Western churches had used the phrase earlier, it was first used liturgically in Rome under Pope Benedict VIII around 1014. 
To the Orthodox mind this matters for several reasons:
1. It was not a decision of an ecumenical council of the undivided Church. The Creed, as finalized in the West and East, was meant to bind all Christians and its text shaped the Church’s unity.
2. It altered the theological balance of how the Trinity is confessed — Orthodox theology emphasises the Father as the single arche (source) of the Godhead, with the Son begotten and the Spirit proceeding from the Father alone, while admitting the “through the Son” notion in the economy of salvation (without the ex Filio clause).
3. It signalled a deeper strand of division — not only doctrinal, but ecclesiological and liturgical. The unilateral change became one contributing factor (among many) to the East–West Schism of 1054. 
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Why This Letter Matters for Orthodoxy
When Pope Leo XIV recalls the Creed without the Filioque insertion and emphasises that “the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed … is the common heritage of Christians” and “can be the basis and reference point for this journey [toward full communion].” , we Orthodox hear a hopeful note: the starting point of unity is our common prayer, not simply institutional compromise.
From the Orthodox vantage point, this carries at least three important implications:
• It affirms the original text of the Creed as central — not a modified version written later by one part of the Church.
• It invites a conception of ecumenism rooted in shared faith and worship, not only structural agreements.
• It implicitly acknowledges that when ecclesial unity is pursued, the foundation must be the one faith once delivered to the saints — not merely an alliance of convenience.
Thus, while we remain mindful of the many unresolved issues between East and West (jurisdiction, primacy, liturgy, theology of the Church, West’s theological developments, East’s perspective of tradition), this letter gives Orthodox Christians a reason to hope. Not hope in a superficial sense, but hope grounded in the historical faith of the undivided Church and the present possibility of repentance and reconciliation.
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The Call for Real Reconciliation
However — and here the call is serious — reconciliation will not come through mere theological shortcuts or polite gestures. The Creed is not to be treated like a bill of sale or an aesthetic ornament of unity. True reconciliation demands:
• Repentance: Both East and West must be willing to examine how we may have trusted our own agendas over the unity of the Church. As the Pope writes: “The restoration of unity among Christians … will only be possible through a patient, long and sometimes difficult journey of mutual listening and acceptance.” 
• Return to shared Tradition of the Undivided Church: Not simply outward agreement but inward fidelity to the faith the Fathers confessed.
• Honest acknowledgment of what has divided us: including the Filioque, but also broader ecclesiological and liturgical issues — not minimised, but cleared out.
• Willingness to receive one another as the Lord receives us: in truth and love: Catholic-Orthodox dialogue must not see one side as the “winner” and the other as the “weaker”, but both as sons and daughters who rejoice in Christ’s Body.
Pope Leo writes: “What unites us is much greater than what divides us.”  We would add this important caveat: only if what unites us is Christ in His fullness — His Body, His Spirit, His Truth — will that unity bear fruit.
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Our Response as Orthodox Believers
So where does this leave us, as Orthodox Christians who are committed to the fullness of the faith, yet longing for the visible unity of the Church?
• We give thanks, with gratitude, for the Pope’s acknowledgment of the Creed prior to the Filioque. It is a meaningful step.
• We pray, not for paper agreements, but for the grace of the Holy Spirit — Who proceeds from the Father — to gather us again.
• We commit ourselves, in our own life, as the Church of the Orthodox Tradition, to live the Creed, to sing it, to breathe it. Not as mere words, but in daily discipleship, in our liturgies, in our love for one another.
• We invite others, brothers and sisters in Christ of the West, to join us: not by sacrificing truth, not by abandoning patristic witness, but by walking together in humility, confession, and hope.
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Reflection Questions & Invitation
1. When I recite the Creed, do I feel the weight and the reality of what I am professing — “one God, Father almighty … and the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life”?
2. What divisions within the Body of Christ pain me personally — and how might I pray and act for reconciliation (even in small ways) between East and West?
3. Where in my life is ecclesial unity more than institutional — and how can I participate in the unity of the Spirit by living love for my neighbour, liturgy, prayer and witness?
4. Will I join a moment of prayer this week specifically for Christian unity — not in abstraction, but in concrete love for those Christians whose path differs from mine?
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In One Faith. In One Love. In One Church.
Let us pray:
Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God, true God from true God, begotten, not made — You who for our salvation came down from heaven — may we be gathered into Your one flock. Eternal Spirit of God, come and renew us in faith, enkindle us with hope, inflame us with charity. Come, Love of the Father and the Son, unite our hearts and minds, so that with wisdom we become once again what we are in Christ: one. Amen.
In the unity of faith,
Bishop Zachaeous