07/27/2025
Human garbage, especially plastic waste, has become one of the most serious threats to marine ecosystems. Every year, an estimated 8 to 12 million metric tons of plastic enter the oceans — equivalent to dumping a full garbage truck into the sea every single minute. This contributes to the more than 5 trillion plastic particles currently floating in the ocean, weighing over 250,000 tons. The majority of this waste — roughly 80% — consists of plastic, including everyday items like bottles, bags, packaging, and fishing nets. Unlike organic materials, plastic takes hundreds of years to break down, and even then, it disintegrates into smaller pieces called microplastics rather than decomposing completely.
This pollution has devastating effects on sea life. Marine animals such as turtles, fish, dolphins, and whales frequently mistake plastic for food. For instance, turtles often eat plastic bags, mistaking them for jellyfish, which can block their digestive systems and lead to death. Over 700 marine species are known to be affected by plastic ingestion, many suffering fatal consequences. In addition, discarded fishing gear and plastic debris can entangle animals like seals, dolphins, and sea birds, causing injury, restricted movement, or even drowning. Microplastics are especially concerning, as they are consumed by plankton and small fish, introducing plastic into the entire marine food chain — eventually making its way into seafood consumed by humans.