11/15/2024
Ruby Bridges became famous in 1960 as the six-year-old who, escorted by Federal marshals, integrated a formerly all-white school in New Orleans,Ā Louisiana.Ā
Bridges was born on September 8, 1954 in Tylertown,Ā Mississippi, her family moved to New Orleans in 1958. One year later Ruby began kindergarten at Johnson Lockett Elementary, a segregated school. Two years after theĀ Brown v. Board of EducationĀ ruling that called for integration of public schools, Federal District Court Judge J. Skelly Wright ordered that the New Orleans School Board formulate an integration plan for public schools. After four years of opposition, the school board chose to integrate two formerly all-white schools in the fall of 1960.
Both schools, William Frantz and McDonough 19, were located in New Orleansās Ninth Ward. Bridges was one of a handful of African American children chosen to attend William Frantz Public School.
November 14, 1960 marked Ruby Bridgesā first day at William Frantz. Three other African American first graders, Leona Tate, Tessie Prevost, and Gaile Etienne, also began school that day at McDonough 19. Due to the threat of violence, Ruby was escorted to school by four armed U.S. Federal marshals.
When they were met by protestors and media, she spent her first day of school in the principalās office. When she did begin classes, Bridges was the only student in her classroom as white families had withdrawn their children from the school. By December 5, 1960, only eighteen other students attended classes at William Frantz.
Bridges was taught by Barbara Henry, a white teacher new to the school. She was not allowed to go to recess or eat lunch in the cafeteria because it was deemed too dangerous. Her family also suffered from the decision to integrate; they were asked to avoid shopping in neighborhood stores and her father, Abon, was fired from his job. Sympathetic citizens across the country sent the Bridges money and gifts to help. Ruby Bridges also received a letter of support from former First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt.
Source: blackpast.org