11/08/2025
August 11, 1892 – Polish General Władysław Anders was born in Krośniewice–Błonie, near Kutno (at that time part of the Russian Empire). He is best known today for leading Polish II Corps and accompanying civilians out of the Soviet Union during World War II.
Before World War II, Anders had an extensive military career. Anders commanded a cavalry brigade in the September 1939 defensive campaign against the Germans. Retreating eastward against the German onslaught, he was taken prisoner by Soviets, who had invaded Poland on September 17, 1939. During the fighting and retreat, Anders was wounded a number of times. After capture by the Soviets, he was imprisoned and tortured in the notorious Lubyanka prison in Moscow.
When Hi**er invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, Polish Prime Minister and Commander-in-Chief Władysław Sikorski negotiated an agreement with the Soviets that called for release of all Polish POWs and civilians in Soviet territory, and creation of a Polish army on Soviet soil. General Anders was named commander of this new Polish army, and released from Lubyanka prison. This new army became known as the Polish II Corps, or Anders’ Army.
Gathering as many Poles as he could, including women and children, Anders managed to get them out of the Soviet Union to Iran, Iraq and Palestine, where they trained with the British. Polish II Corps made many contributions to the liberation of Italy during World War II, including at the decisive and hard-fought Battle of Monte Cassino.
After the war, Anders remained in exile in Britain rather than return to a communist-controlled Poland. He took an active part in the Polish government-in-exile in London during the postwar years. Anders died in London on May 12, 1970.