03/11/2026
Car Batteries Built With Acid… and Prisoners Wearing Cloth Gloves.
My name is Florin Ionescu. I was 28 years old and working as a pharmacist at a pharmacy in Iași when I was arrested in March 1961. The official charge written in my file was “illegal trafficking of medicines and speculation.” The real reason was much simpler — I had sold insulin without an official receipt to a diabetic woman whose state ration had run out and who would have died without the medication.
After four months of interrogation, the sentence came: five years of forced labor. I was sent first to Jilava prison, south of Bucharest, and later assigned to a workshop where prisoners assembled lead-acid car batteries.
Our work involved melting lead plates, pouring concentrated sulfuric acid, and assembling battery cells. We had no proper protective equipment. Only thin cloth gloves, no safety goggles, no acid-resistant aprons. The air was constantly filled with fumes of lead and sulfuric acid. Our quota was twelve batteries a day for a team of two.
I will never forget November 18, 1963.
By then we had been working with concentrated sulfuric acid — 98% purity — for nearly two years. Everyone’s hands were already covered in small chronic burns and open sores caused by daily exposure to acid splashes and vapors.
The man working beside me was Constantin Luca, a 45-year-old accountant from Galați. He had been imprisoned for “embezzlement” after refusing to cover up missing money that his director had stolen. In prison, he also suffered from untreated diabetes.
That day Constantin was pouring sulfuric acid from a large container into smaller battery cells. His cloth gloves, weakened by weeks of acid exposure, suddenly tore.
Nearly half a liter of concentrated sulfuric acid spilled over his hands and chest.
The burns were immediate and horrific. His skin began dissolving almost instantly. White chemical smoke rose from the reaction, and the smell of burned flesh filled the workshop as Constantin screamed in pain. We rushed with water, pouring liters over him to dilute the acid, but the damage had already gone deep.
He had third-degree chemical burns over nearly 30% of his body.
I begged the guard to send him to a hospital immediately.
“This prisoner has severe chemical burns,” I said. “He needs a burn center now. Without specialized treatment he will go into shock and die.”
But permission to transport him had to be approved.
Four hours passed.
By the time the approval came, Constantin was already in hypovolemic shock from massive fluid loss through the burns. His diabetes made the situation even worse.
He was finally taken to the burn center at Floreasca Hospital in Bucharest.
It was too late.
The shock had progressed too far. Infection had already begun in the burned tissue, and his body could not recover. He died the next day from septic shock and multiple organ failure.
In the official register, his death was recorded simply as:
“Severe chemical burn with complications.”
At the Jilava battery workshop between 1960 and 1965, nine prisoners officially died — from chemical burns or poisoning caused by lead and acid exposure.
I survived my five years and was released in 1966. But my lungs were permanently damaged by acidic vapors, and the skin on my hands remained scarred from constant burns. I could never work again as a pharmacist. I spent the rest of my life working in a bookstore.
Today, car batteries are produced in modern factories with strict safety standards — acid-resistant gloves, goggles, protective aprons, ventilation systems, and emergency showers.
In 1963, prisoners at Jilava handled concentrated sulfuric acid wearing cloth gloves.
And when those gloves inevitably tore, medical help had to wait for approval.
In the cemetery at Jilava there is a section for prisoners — a mass grave with a single cross.
Somewhere there lies Constantin Luca.
An honest accountant who died at 45 years old from sulfuric acid burns because protective equipment was considered too expensive.
The batteries were produced. The cars kept running.
But how many lives were dissolved in acid so the system could keep working?
And if those factory walls could speak… how many forgotten names would they reveal?