https://www.facebook.com/110988407833444/

Y-Ielts, Nguyễn Văn Cừ, Hanoi (2025)

20/03/2024

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AHBiWGGmClU&t=68s

In insurance, the product is the promise, this promise is the detail in the contract between the insured and the insurer called a policy. Which define which risk are included in and excluded in and what amount will be paid if the risk event occur. There are hundreds of risk which individuals and businesses face which they may want insurance to protect them from. The insurance industry group these into 3 main categories:
Property and casualty (P&C)
Life (& annuity)
Health
P&C and health are sometimes referred to as Non-life
And P&C specially is also sometimes called general insurance
We’ll start with P&C: Property include things owned like cars, building, or a business
Casualty, otherwise known as liability, cover your responsibility to others, which you may have to pay because of something you have did or failed to do. If You hit another car, the damage to your car is example of a property, but the damage to another car is liability. The value of property is broadly fixed so the maximum cost or exposure is defined in the policy. For casualty, the range to outcome is unknowable: car accident could cause ho harm, or it could result in million of dollars of damages. To manage their exposure, insurers usually set a limit for casualty insurance. Although some properties and casualty risks can be insured individually, most insurance policy include both. There are 2 mains segments: personal and commercial
In personal: the 2 largest categories are home and motor or auto insurance. within home, you may need owner’s, renter’s and condominium insurance. Each recovering a different mix of property and liability risks. Similarly with motor insurance, there are different policies for different combinations of risks. To get additional protection for amount above the liability limits in your auto or home insurance, you can buy umbrellas or excess liabilities policies. And there are many other personal policies types, for example: pet and traveling insurance.
Building and motor risk appear again a commercial policies as well as a whole range of risk specific for businesses. Property risk include a company’s stock and assets and also financial loss due to business interruptions, or customer not paying. Under casualty, most services need to be professional liability insurance, otherwise known as errors and omissions or professional indemnity for cover failure to deliver or damage caused. These exact risk differ by profession so the policy for plumber will different to one for consultants. Liability for products causing harm is covered by product liability. While Workers’ compensation covers responsibility for harm experienced by employees at work. Regulator or business relationship like a lease or contract may require businesses to have insurance for example workers’ compensation or profession liability. Some further risks cover by specialty policies. Cover for these risks also can be sold by standalone but often packaged into single policies. A Standard business owner’s policy (or BOP) in US include basic risk for small businesses. Profession like lawyer or doctor will higher value, industry-specific risks have them packaged into their own specialist policies. The company in the special sector such as aviation and marines. The insurance company Call different group as line of business.
This is might refer for overall group for example, or categories beneath them, for example home line or motor line. Most property claim happen within 1 year of the policy, a car accident or a house damage usually known immediately. Liability claim may take longer, for example product’s impact on public health may be identified for many years. So the insurers will have a good idea by the end of the year how big the claims are for the property risk. For liability the risk may in theory play out at any time in the future. But as each of year passes, insurers can be increasingly confident about the size in any future claims they will need to pay out.

This is another new episode from the Primerli YouTube channel where we will talk about insurance - specifically the categories of insurance including propert...

19/03/2024

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RvHOkLzdFBc&t=47s

Retail Banking Industry Overview - the products & services

It’s pay day
How are you going to keep your hard-earned cash safe, you could bury it in the backyard but that seems messy and difficult. What would you somewhere you can keep it safe, easily to access and actually pay you for storing your money, that place is the bank.
Retail banking offer 2 fundamental services: they hold money as deposits, and they lend money out. Let’s dig into it a bit more: deposit accounts offer 3 main benefits to customers:
1st: they’re low risk, most federal governments provide deposit insurance guaranteeing deposit fund up to a certain amount 250,000$ in the US
2nd: they allow their customer to access their money, adding or withdrawing funds on a regular basic
3rd: they typically pay interest on the deposited fund
Different types of deposit products differ based on these 2 last factors: bank will pay higher interest for longer commitment with less access to your fund as it allow them to make longer term loan and earn more interested income on lending side
Savings account provide a simple way to save money for future use, they typically pay moderate interest rate and have limit on how many withdrawals can be made each month. Most saving account charge customers small money month service fee, but often waive the fee if a minimum balance is maintained on the account.
If you want a higher interest rate and are ok accessing your money less, bank also often certificates of deposit (CD’s), these account offer a set interest rate over a specific periods, from a few months up to 10 years. However, you aren’t allowed to access your money during that time without paying a penalty.
On the other end of spectrum, checking account, also called transaction account or current account, which are designed for managing every day spending. These offer for little or no interest, also don’t have withdrawals limits. Similarly to saving account, checking account typically have month service fee that can be waived, such as a setting up a recurring direct deposit into the account. Bank view checking account as a financial anchor for customer. Once to direct deposit and other automatic bill payment are set up it’s difficult and time consuming for consumers to switch banks.
Lending product can be split into secured and unsecured lending. Secured lending involves some forms of collateral which the bank will take ownership of if the borrower can’t take the payment or defaults on their debt. The collateral is typically specific asset which the consumer borrow money to purchase.
Home mortgages are the largest example of secured lending products, these loan are paid back over 15 – 30 years with either fixed or variable interest depending on the loan. Because the large dollar amounts and the level the risk involved, the assessing that risk known as underwriting is a manual and highly regulated process for home mortgages.
Auto loan is other secured lending of products has much simply underwriting process. Cars are cheaper and easier to re-possess and sells than houses. As a result, auto loan are processed much faster and with lower interest rate than mortgages.
However, all secured lending have lower interest rate for borrower than unsecured lending in which there is no collateral involved. The most common unsecured lending is credit cards. Bank success can consumers based on their credit score or credit history which looks at the thing like individual debt and repayment the history. If approval, the consumer can receive a credit cards and the ability to spend up to the maximum amount. IF they don’t pay off the full balance amount each month, they are charged the interest on the remaining amount. Theses interest rate are significantly higher than the secured lending rate and vary based on individual credit card core. In addition to the money bank make interest payment and monthly service fee, they also make money from the credit card through interchange fees that are charged to merchant. Whenever you buy something with the credit card, the seller pay about 1 to 3% of the total transaction to the bank that issued the card as the interchange fee.
In the next chapter, we’ll look how the bank actually sell and distribute their deposit and lending product

Thanks for revisiting the Primerli YouTube channel. In this video help you to know about into retail banking services, deposit accounts, and lending service...

25/04/2023

How the food you ear affects your brain – Mia Nacamulli
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xyQY8a-ng6g&ab_channel=TED-Ed
Your brain on food
If you sucked all of the moisture out of your brain and broke it down to its constituent nutritional content, what would it look like? Most of the weight of your dehydrated brain would come from fats, also known as lipids. In the remaining brain matter, you would find proteins and amino acids, traces of micronutrients and glucose. The brain is, of course, more than just the sum of its nutritional parts, but each component does have a distinct impact on functioning, development, mood, and energy. So that post-lunch apathy, or late-night alertness you might be feeling, well, that could simply be the effects of food on your brain. Of the fats in your brain, the superstars are omegas 3 and 6. These essential fatty acids, which have been linked to preventing degenerative brain conditions, must come from our diets. So eating omega-rich foods, like nuds, seeds, and fatty fish, is crucial to the creation and maintenance of cell membranes.

And while omegas are good fats for your brain, long-term consumption of other fats, like trans and saturated fats, may compromise brain health. Meanwhile, proteins and amino acids, the building block nutrients of growth and development, manipulate how we feel and behave. Amino acids contain the precursors to neurotransmitters, the chemical messengers that carry signals between neurons, affecting things like mood, sleep, attentiveness, and weight. They’re one of the reasons we might feel calm after eating a large plate of pasta, or more alert after a protein-rich meal. The complex combinations of compounds in food can stimulate brain cells to release mood-altering norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin. But getting to your brain cells is tricky, and amino acids have to compete for limited access.

A diet with a range of foods helps maintain a balanced combination of brain messengers, and keeps your mood from getting skewed in one direction or the other. Like the other organs in our bodies, our brains also benefit from a steady supply of micronutrients. Antioxidants in fruits and vegetables strengthen the brain to fight off free radicals that destroy brain cells, enabling your brain to work well for a longer period of time. And without powerful micronutrients like the vitamins b6 b12 and folic acid, our brains would be susceptible to brain disease and mental decline. Trace amounts of the minerals iron, copper, zinc and sodium are also fundamental to brain health and early cognitive development. In order for the brain to efficiently transform and synthesize These valuable nutrients, it needs fuel, and lots of it.

While the human brain only makes up about 2% or our body weight, it uses up to 20% of our energy resources. Most of this energy comes from carbohydrates that our body digests into glucose, or blood sugar. The frontal lobes are so sensitive to drops in glucose, in fact, that a change in mental function is one of the primary signals of nutrients deficiency. Assuming that we are getting glucose regularly how does the specific type of carbohydrates we eat affect our brains? Carbs come in the three forms: starch, sugar and fiber. While on most nutrition label, they are all lumped into one total carb count, the ratio of the sugar and fiber subgroups to the whole amount affect how the body and brain respond. A high glycemic food, like white bread, causes a rapid release of glucose into the blood, and then comes the dip. Blood sugar shoots down, and with it, our attention span and mood. On the other hand, oats, grains, and legumes have slower glucose release, enabling a steadier level of attentiveness.

For sustained brain power, opting for a varied diet of nutrient-rich foods is critical. When it comes to what you bite, chew, and swallow, your choice have a direct and long-lasting effect on the most powerful organ in your body.

View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/how-the-food-you-eat-affects-your-brain-mia-nacamulliWhen it comes to what you bite, chew and swallow, your choic...

25/04/2023

Why do we dream? – Amy Adkins
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2W85Dwxx218&ab_channel=TED-Ed
Why do we dream? – Amy Adkins
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2W85Dwxx218&ab_channel=TED-Ed
In the third millennium BCE, Mesopotamian kings recorded and interpreter their dreams on wax tablets. A thousand years later, Ancient Egyptians wrote a dream book listing over a hundred common dreams and their meanings. An in the years since, we haven’t paused in our quest to understand why we dream. So, after a great deal of scientific technological advancement, and persistence, we still don’t have any definite answers, but we have some interesting theories.

We dreams to fulfill our wishes. In the early 1900s, Sigmund Freud proposed that while all of our dreams, including out nightmares, are a collection of images from our daily conscious live, they also have symbolic meanings, which related to the fulfillment of our subconscious whishes. Freud theorized that everything we remember when we wake up from a dream is a symbolic representation of our unconscious primitive thoughts, urges, and desires. Freud believed that by analyzing those remembered the unconscious content would be revealed to our conscious mind, and psychological issues stemming from its repression could be addressed and resolved.

We dream to remember. To increase performance on certain mental tasks, sleep is good, but dreaming while sleeping is better. In 2010, researchers found that subjects were much better at getting through a complex 3_D maze if they had napped and dreamed of the maze prior to their second attempt. In fact, they were up to ten times better at it than those who only thought of the maze while awake between attempts, and those who napped but did not dream about the maze. Researchers theorize that certain memory processes can happened only when we are asleep, and our dreams are a signal that these processes are taking place.
We dream to forget. There are about 10,000 trillion neural connections within the architecture of your brain. They are created by everything you think and everything you do. A 1983 neurobiological theory of dreaming, called reverse learning, holds that while sleeping, and mainly during REM sleep cycles, your neocortex review these neural connections and dumps the unnecessary ones. Without this unlearning process, which results in your dreams, your brain could be overrun by useless connections and parasitic thoughts could disrupt the necessary thinking you need to do while you’re awake.

We dream to keep our brains working. The continual activation theory proposes that your dreams result from your brain’s need to constantly consolidate and create long-term memories in order to function properly. So when external input falls below a certain level, like when you’re asleep your brain automatically triggers the generation of data from its memory storages, which appear to you in the form of the thoughts and feelings you experience in your dreams. In other words, your dreams might be a random screen saver your brain turns on so it doesn’t completely shut down.

We dream to rehearse. Dreams involving dangerous and threatening situations are very common, and the primitive instinct rehearsal theory holds that the content of a dream is significant to its purpose. Whether it’s an anxiety-filled night of being chased through the woods by a bear or fighting off a ninja in a dark alley, these dreams allow you to practice your fight or flight instincts and keep them sharp and dependable in case you’ll need them in real life. But it doesn’t always have to be unpleasant. For instance, dreams about your attractive neighbor could actually give your reproductive instinct some practice, too.

We dream to heal. Stress neurotransmitters in the brain are much less active during the REM stage of sleep, even during dreams of traumatic experiences, leading some researchers to theorize that one purpose of dreaming is to take the edge off painful experiences to allow for psychological healing. Reviewing traumatic events in your dreams with less mental stress may grant you a clearer perspective and enhanced ability to process them in psychologically healthy ways. People with certain mood disorders and PTSD often have difficulty sleeping, leading some scientists to believe that lack of dreaming may be a contributing factor to their illnesses.

We dream to solve problems. Unconstrained by reality and the rules of conventional logic, in your dreams, your mind can create limitless scenarios to help your grasp problems and formulate solutions that you may not consider while awake. John Steinbeck called it the committee of sleep, and research has demonstrated the effectiveness of dreaming on problem solving. It’s also how renowned chemist August Kekule discovered the structure of the benzene module and it’s the reason that sometimes the best solution for a problem is to sleep on it.

And those are just a few of the more prominent theories. As technology increases our capability for understanding the brain, it’s possible that one day we will discover the definitive reason for them. But until that time arrives, we’ll just have to keep on dreaming.

View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/why-do-we-dream-amy-adkinsIn the 3rd millennium BCE, Mesopotamian kings recorded and interpreted their dreams on ...

29/01/2023

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e2vfBo-pG8I&t=301s

TED-Ed on Youtube: 3 ways to end a virus

"An inefficient virus kills its host. A clever virus stays with it."

It's Spring 2021. The Alpha variant of the coronavirus has spread rapidly, becoming the dominant variant worldwide. But another, more transmissible variant is about to appear - Delta. What happens when two variants clash?

Let's do a thought experiment. Suppose that the variants reach a hypothetical isolated city of 1 million people who are completely susceptible to both viruses on the same day. When a person here is infected with Alpha, they transmit it to, on average, 5 close contacts, then begin to feel sick and immediately isolate themselves, for the rest of the simulation. The same thing happens with Delta, except that an infected person transmits it to, on average, 7.5 close contacts. What would you guess happens next? After six days, Alpha will have infected 15625 people. Delta will have infected more than 10 times as many. Just 20 hours later, Delta will have infected the rest of the population - all before Alpha could infect 6% of it. With no one left to infect, Alpha dies out. This model is drastically simplified, but it accurately reflects on thing that did happen in real life: when both variants competed, Delta drove Alpha towards extinction in a matter of weeks.

Viruses are wildly successful organisms. There are about 100 million times as many virus particles on Earth as there are stars in the observable universe. Even so, viruses can and do go extinct. There are three main ways that can happen.

First, a virus could run out of hosts. This might have happened in early 2020 to a flu lineage known as B/Yamagata. When much of the world shut down, social distanced, and wore masks, to slow the spread of COVID 19, that dramatically reduced the number of hosts available for B/Yamagata to infect. It's take a few more flu seasons to know for sure if it's truly extinct or just hiding out in a animal reservoir. Many viruses, as part of their life cycle, cause diseases severe enough to kill their hosts. This can be a problem because if a viruses kills all its hosts, in could - in theory - run out of hosts to infect and go extinct. This almost happened back in 1950s Australia. At the time, Australia was overrun by the European rabbit - an invasive species - so, in an attempt to control the population, scientists released a virus called myxoma, which had been previously shown to be almost 100% lethal to European rabbits. During the initial break, as planned, tens, perhaps hundreds, of millions of European rabbits died. But as the virus spread, it evolved a series of mutations that happened to make it less deadly, killing rabbits more slowly and killing fewer rabbits overall. With more infected hosts hopping around, this strain of the virus was more likely to spread than its deadlier cousin. And of course, rabbits evolved too, to mount better immune response. Overall, instead of killing every single rabbit, the virus evolved, the rabbit population bounced back, and both survived.

The second way a virus could go extinct is if humans fight back with an effective vaccine - and win. Vaccination campaigns have driven two viruses essentially to extinction since vaccines were invented in the 1800s smallpox and rinderpest, which kills cattle. More on vaccination later.

The third way a virus can go extinct if it's outcompeted by another virus or strain, like we saw earlier with Delta and Alpha.

By the way, viruses don't always compete with each other. A viral species can carve out its own distinct niche - for example, influenza infects your respiratory tract, and norovirus infects cells in your intestine, so both of these viruses can co-exist. A virus' ecological niche can be tiny: hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses can infect the same cell- hep B occupies the nucleus, and hep C occupies the cytoplasm. In fact, epidemiologists estimate that 2 to 10% of people with hep C are also infected with hep B.

So, will SARS-COV-2 - the species of virus that causes COVID 19 - ever to extinct? Variants within the species will continue to arise. Those variants might drive prior ones to extinction, or not. Regardless of how the variants compete (or don't), the species itself - to which all the variants belong - is pretty firmly established among humans. If we managed to vaccinate enough people, could we drive SARS-COV-2 to extinction? Our vaccination campaign against smallpox worked because the vaccine was highly protective against infection and smallpox had no close animal reservoir in which it could hide. But Sar-VoV-2 can hide out in animals, and our current vaccines - while they provide excellent protection against severe illness and death - don't prevent all infections. So, conceivably there are two ways that Sars-Cov-2 the entire species - could go extinct: a cataclysmic disaster could kill us all. Or... We could invent a universal vaccine that prevents all Sar-cov-2 infection those caused by all the variants that currently exist and those that don't. Let's work toward that second option.

3 cách để tiêu diệt virus

"một loại virus không hiệu quả sẽ giết chết vật chủ của nó. Một loại virus thông minh sẽ ở lại với vật chủ của nó"

Vào mùa xuân năm 2021. Biến thể Alpha của virus corona lan rộng một cách nhanh chóng, trở thành biến thể thống lĩnh toàn thế giới. nhưng một loại khác, một biến thể dễ dàng lan truyền hơn đã xuất hiện - Delta. Điều gì xảy ra khi hai loại biến thể này va chạm vào nhau?

Hãy là một thí nghiệm trải nghiệm. Giả định rằng các biến thể đến một thành phố được giả định là biệt lập với 1 triệu dân cư hoàn toàn nhảy cảm dễ bị lây nhiễm với cả 2 loại virus vào cùng một ngày. Khi một người ở đây bị lây nhiễm Alpha, họ sẽ lây lan cho trung bình 5 người tiếp xúc gần, sau đó cảm thấy bị ốm và ngay lập tức cô lập bản thân họ đối với số người mô phỏng còn lại. Điều tương tự xảy ra với Delta, ngoại trừ một điều rằng một người lây nhiễm sẽ lan truyền cho trung bình 7,5 người. Bạn đoán điều gì sẽ xảy ra tiếp theo? Sau 6 ngày, Alpha sẽ lây nhiễm cho 15625 người. Delta sẽ lây nhiễm gấp 10 lần. Chỉ sau 20 giờ, Delta sẽ lây nhiễm cho phần còn lại của dân cư - tất cả trước khi Alpha có thể lây cho 6% số đó. Khi không còn ai để lây nhiêm, Alpha sẽ chết. Mô hình này đơn giản một cách bất ngờ, nhưng nó phản ánh một cách chính xác những gì đã xảy ra trong cuộc sống thực sự: khi cả hai loại biến thể cạnh tranh với nhau, Delta sẽ khiến Alpha bị tuyệt chủng trong một vài tuần.

Virus là những cá thể rất thành công. Chúng nhiều gấp khoảng 100 triệu lần số hạt virus li ti trên trái đất so với những vì sao có thể quan sát được trong vũ trụ. Ngay cả như vậy, chúng vẫn có thể và đi đến tuyệt chủng. Có 3 cách để điều đó xảy ra.

Đầu tiên, một virus có thể bị cạn kiệt vật chủ. Điều này xảy ra vào đầu năm 2020 với một loại cúm được biết đến là B/Yamagata. Khi phần lớn thế giới đóng cửa, giãn cách xã hội, đeo khẩu trang để làm chậm sự lây lan của COVID 19, điều đó đã làm giảm đáng kể số lượng vật chủ có sẵn cho B/Yamagata để lây truyền sang. Phải mất thêm vài mùa cúm nữa để biết chắc chắn rằng liệu chúng có thực sự tuyệt chủng hay chỉ là ẩn náu trong một ổ chứa của động vật. Rất nhiều loại virus, trong một phần vòng đời của chúng, gây ra những bệnh nghiêm trọng đủ để giết chết vật chủ. Điều này có thể là một vấn đề bởi vì nếu một loại virus giết chết tất cả vật chủ của nó, thì nó có thể - về lý thuyết - bị cạn kiệt vật chủ để thực hiện lây nhiễm sang và đi đến tuyệt chủng. Điều này hầu như đã xảy ra vào năm 1950 ở Úc. Thời gian đó, Úc bị quá tải bởi loài thỏ Châu âu - một loài xâm lấn - chính vì thế một nỗ lực để kiểm soát số lượng, các nhà khoa học đã đưa ra một loại virus có tên là myxoma, cái mà trước đây đã gây chết 100% loài thỏ Châu âu này. Trong phần nghỉ ban đầu, như kế hoạch, hàng chục thậm chí hàng trăm triệu con thỏ Châu âu đã chết. Nhưng khi virus lan rộng, chúng phát triển thành một loạt đột biến mà đã làm chúng chết ít hơn, giết chết loài thỏ chậm hơn và giết được ít thỏ hơn nói chung. Với nhiều các vật chủ nhiễm bệnh nhảy lò cò xung quang, chủng virus này dường như lan rộng hơn người anh em đã chết của chúng. Và đương nhiên, thỏ cũng phát triển hơn, để phát triển tới một sự đáp ứng miễn dịch tốt hơn. Nhìn chung, thay vì giết chết mỗi loài thỏ, dân số thỏ tăng trở lại và sống sót hơn.

Cách thứ hai để một loại virus đi đến tiệt chủng là nếu con người chống lại chúng bằng vaccin - và chiến thắng bằng điều đó. Chiến dịch vaccin đã khiến 2 loại virus về cơ bản tuyệt chủng khi vaccin được phát minh ra vào những năm 1800 là bệnh đậu mùa và dịch hạch, những thứ đã giết chết gia súc. và nhiều chiến dịch tiêm chủng sau đó.

Cách thứ 3 để một loại virus có thể đi đến tuyệt chủng là nếu chúng bị đánh thắng bởi một loại virus hoặc chủng virus khác, như chúng ta đã thấy ở trên với Delta và Alpha.

Nhân tiện, virus không phải luôn luôn chiến đấu với nhau. một loại virus có thể tạo ra một hốc riêng biệt của chúng - ví dụ virus cúm có thể lây truyền đến vùng hô hấp của bạn và virus noro có thể lây truyền đến đường hô hấp của bạn, và cả 2 loại virus có thể cùng tồn tại. Hốc sinh thái của virus có thể vô cùng nhỏ: virus viêm gan B và C có thể cùng lây nhiễm tới 1 tế bào - viêm gan B xâm chiến nhân và viêm gan C xâm chiếm tế bào chất. Vì vậy trên thực tế, các nhà dịch tễ học ước tính rằng có tới 2 đến 10% người mang viêm gan C cũng có thể bị lây nhiễm cả viêm gan B.

Chính vì vậy, với Sarcov2 một loại virus gây ra Covid 19 đã từng tuyệt chủng chưa? Biến thể với các loài có thể gia tăng. Những biến thể này có thể đưa một số loài đi trước đến tuyệt chủng, hoặc không. Bất kể các biến thể đấu tranh với nhau (hay không), bản thân các loài - với tất cả các biến thể thuộc về chúng - đều thiết lập một cách khá vững chắc với loài người. Nếu chúng ta quản lý để tiêm chủng cho đủ số người, liệu chúng ta có thể khiến Sarcov2 tuyệt chủng không? Chiến dịch tiêm chủng chống lại đậu mùa đã có tác dụng tốt vì vaccin bảo vệ rất tốt để chống lại lây nhiễm và virus đậu mùa cũng không có các ổ động vật nào gần đó mà chúng có thể ẩn náu. Nhưng Sarcov2 có thể ẩn náu đâu đó trong động vật, và vaccin hiện tại của chúng ta - trong khi chúng bảo vệ rất tốt khỏi bệnh tật và cái chết - lại không ngăn ngừa được tất cả sự lây nhiễm. Chính vì thế, có thể hình dung rằng có 2 cách để Sarcov2 và toàn bộ các loài của nó - có thể đi đến tuyệt chủng: một thảm họa thảm khốc có thể giết chết tất cả chúng ta... hoặc ... chúng ta phát minh ra một loại vaccin toàn cầu có thể chống lại sự lây nhiễm của Sarcov2 gây ra bởi tất cả các biến thể đang tồn tại hiện nay và những cái không tồn tại. Hãy đến đến phương án 2...

Explore the three main ways viruses can be driven to extinction, and dig into the possibility of COVID-19 dying out.--Viruses are wildly successful organisms...

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