21/09/2025
India’s regional connectivity efforts now have a dynamic, data-driven face in Sambandh, a platform developed by the Centre for Social and Economic Progress (CSEP). Conceived in 2020 by researcher Riya Sinha and her colleagues, Sambandh consolidates decades of data on India’s cross-border projects into an interactive map designed as a “public good” for policymakers, journalists, academics, and investors alike.
“South Asia is one of the least connected regions in the world. We wanted to break that down,” said Sinha, who initiated the project. “By visualizing infrastructure, trade, and other linkages, the aim is not to answer questions but to raise them—where are the gaps, where is the density, what more can India do?”
The first phase focused on Bhutan, with 39 projects mapped after nearly 18 months of painstaking data collection and validation. The database highlights timelines, entities involved, and the scope of connectivity initiatives, including many private sector efforts that rarely make headlines. Since 2000, India’s regional projects have multiplied fivefold, with private sector participation rising from 15% to nearly 40%, according to CSEP Visiting Fellow Abhishek Agarwal, who is leading the project’s expansion.
Centre for Socio-Economic and Political Research
India’s regional connectivity efforts now have a dynamic, data-driven face in Sambandh, a platform developed by the Centre for Social and Economic Progress (...