01/07/2025
Stories, theatre and worship: The sacred masks of Majuli
Aishani Gupta from MAP Academy writes about the fearsome masks of Assam, a tradition passed down for five centuries.
https://garlandmag.com/article/the-sacred-masks-of-majuli/
✿ Excerpts:
Evoking fear, awe, devotion and chagrin, these masks instruct onlookers in good, evil, morality and immorality. Some scholars have observed that aloukik masks manifest many facial expressions which are otherwise censured in Assamese society. As such, they become important cultural safety-valves, regulating the community’s feelings of desire, power, disdain and reverence.
The mask-making process uses locally available materials, including bamboo, wood, cloth, clay and cow dung, which have ensured the survival and continuity of this craft over generations. Frames are first crafted out of bamboo, and the final shapes are contoured using cloth, clay and cow dung. The surfaces of the finished masks are then smoothened using a bamboo file, and the details are painted using various vegetable dyes such as *hengul* (vermilion) and *hetul* (arsenic).
They believe that aloukik masks of ferocious demons and evil spirits are prone to quarrelling when kept in the dark. To propitiate them, the masks are placed in the namghar before and after every performance, worshipped with incense, prayers and chants. Once made, the masks are used for years, until they are worn out by insect damage or weather, in which case new ones are crafted while the old ones are ceremonially immersed in a nearby river or lake.
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Read more in G39 ✿ Ancestors are Here