14/07/2025
Organisms usually move upward on the evolutionary ladder, losing some traits to gain better ones.
And then there are those who move backward.
A new study has found that some wild tomatoes from the Galápagos Islands are undergoing a possible “reverse evolution,” de-evolving to a primitive genetic state by recreating a toxic molecular cocktail that serves as a defense mechanism, and one that has not been seen in millions of years.
“It’s not something we usually expect,” lead study author Adam Jozwiak said in a statement. “But here it is, happening in real time, on a volcanic island.”
Nightshade plants, like tomatoes, potatoes, and eggplants, produce bitter-tasting molecules known as alkaloids to protect themselves from fungi, insects, and larger animals. However, too many alkaloids can make the plants toxic and dangerous for humans, explained New Atlas.
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