28/07/2025
Class eight : 29-07-2025
Rule No- 11. Passive Voice of Complex Sentences
Complex Sentence-এর Voice পরিবর্তনের ও Subordinate উভয় প্রকার Clause-এর পরিবর্তন করতে হয় । এরূপ ক্ষেত্রে কখনো কখনো Introductory. It ব্যবহার করতে হয় । Principal Clause-এর object থাকলে উক্ত object –কে subject করেও Voice পরিবর্তন করা যায় ।
Active : We know that Columbus discovered America.
Passive : That America was discovered by Columbus is known to us. Or. It is known to us that America was discovered by Columbus.
Active: I know how he did it.
Passive: It is known to me how it was done by him. or How it was done by him is known to me.
Active : We know that the earth is round.
Passive:- It is known to us that the earth is round. or . It is known that the earth is round. Note:- Active-বাক্যে People subject হলে Preposition + object উহ্য থাকে । Active : He told me that she had not accepted the proposal. Passive : That the proposal had not been accepted by her was told me by him.
ব্যতিক্রম:- এক্ষেত্রে Verb to be (tense অনুসারে + Verb- এর P.P form + to be সহযোগেও এ বাক্যেকে Passive করা যায় । Active: People say/believe/think/consider/suppose/claim/know that he is a wise man. Passive: He is said I believed / thought / considered / supposed / claimed/ known to be a wise man. Active : We hope that we shall finish the work in time. Passive : We must endure what we cannot cure.
N.B: আবার Passive করতে Subordinate Clause –টিকে Main Clause –এর Obj হিসাবে ধরে নিতে হয় ।
Active:- Lord knew what they cost. Passive:- What they cost was known to lord . Active:- She cannot rely on what I say. Passive:- What is said by me cannot be relied on by her. Active:- One/We cannot blot what is lotted. Passive:- What is lotted cannot be blotted. Active: One/We must endure what one/ we cannot cure. Passive: What cannot be cured must be endured. –( Note: এ ধরনের বাক্যে Preposition + one/us (Obj. হিসাবে বসে না ।) Active: People say that khan Jahan Ali is a great saint. Passive : That Khan Jahan Ali is a great saint is said by people. Active: I know what he wants . Passive:- what he wants is known to me.
ব্যতিক্রম:- Complex বাক্যে Relative Pronoun-,এর ঠিক আগে antecedent থাকলে উপরের নিয়ম প্রযোজ্য নয় ।
Active: I knew the boy who had rebuked her. Passive: The boy by whom she had been rebuked was known to me. Or, The boy was known to me by whom she had been rebuked.