27/03/2020
(Part -1)
(For English Medium Students of High and Higher Secondary levels)
(অসমীয়া মাধ্যমৰ ছাত্ৰ ছাত্ৰীয়েও ইংৰাজীতে লিখা কথাখিনি বুজাৰ চেষ্টা কৰিব পাৰে। পিচত ইয়াৰ অসমীয়া অনুবাদ সহ অইন এটা পৃথক পোষ্ট দিয়া হ'ব।)
Time is a concept which is related to our perception of reality. There are three times- past, present and future. Tense is a grammatical category, which is marked by verb inflection and expresses when an event or action happens in the flow of time.
Events take place within the framework of time. Tense lets us describe events as they exist within the framework of time. It allows us to describe things that have occurred before the presesnt moment, and things that we anticipate will occur after the present moment. It also allows us to explore complex ideas of different events taking place at different points of time in specific order.
It is important not to confuse the name of a verb tense with the way we use it to talk about time.
Present Tense does not always refer to present time.
He goes to Delhi next week.
'goes' is present simple, but it refers to future time(next week.)
Similarly a past tense does not always refer to past time.
If I had sufficient money now, I could buy a beautiful house in Guwahati.
Here had is simple past, but it refers to present(now).
In the same way we can use present progressive tense(Present Continuous Tense) to express a future action or event.
I am arranging a pary next week to celebrate this occasion.
She is taking her examination next month.
According to Cambridge Dictionary,
Tenses refer to different forms of a verb or verb phrases. We use different tenses to talk and write about different times. For example, we usually use present tense verbs forms to talk about states, events or actions that happens or happening in the present time. We can also use past tense forms to talk about past time, to describe events, states or actions that have finished. We can also use the past tense forms to refer to the present.For example, for reasons of politeness and indierctness( I was wondering if you wanted a drink.) and the present tense forms to refer to past time, for example, for dramatic effect."
There is no future tense form of verbs in English. We refer to future time in several different ways for different functions, for example, using present tense, 'be going to' and 'will'
Strictly speaking, only two tenses are marked by the inflection of the verb.
past- did
present- do.
Other tenses are marked by auxiliaries(be/have)
Past Continuous=> was doing/ were doing.
Past Perfect=> Had done
Past Perfect Continuous=>Had been doing.
Present Continuous=> am/is/are doing.
Present Perfect=> Have/has done.
Present Perfect Continuous=> Have/has been doing.
The Future Time is expressed with modal will+ infinitive and not with inflection( will do/will be doing/will have done) are not considered to be tenses.
Word Note:-
Inflection ঃ-- A change in the form of word( typically the ending) to express a grammatical function or attribute such as tenses, mood, person, number, case and gender.It is a process of word formation in which items are added to the base form of a word to express grammatical meanings. The word inflection comes from the Latin word 'inflectere' meaning 'to bend'.
(অসমীয়া মাধ্যমৰ ছাত্ৰ ছাত্ৰীৰ বাবে অসমীয়া ভাঙনি সহ post কৰা হ'ব।)
