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21/11/2025

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21/11/2025

The Tsonga Arrival In Southern Africa From 200 AD (Oral History)
Ntsako Shivambu
The second group to arrive in Southern Africa after the Khoi and San are the precursor people who made up Vatsonga.

Sala Groupings

The Sala groups are the first Tsonga group to arrive in Southern Africa, they settled into now (Natal) around 200 AD. This is a distinct group of Vatsonga that moved into the Pongola area and Manguzi before the Nguni arrived. Traces of Sala groupings are found amongst the Mthethwa, Cele, Mukhavele, Magoda and Mthembu. The Mazibuko groups of Vatsonga also have traces of Sala groupings. Sala groupings have always maintained their Tsonga geology throughout the immigration processes and even during the Mfencane displacement.

In conclusion, the area of Kwazulu-natal in the current form is integral part of Tsonga history, the land mass used to be a territory of the Maputsu Tembe Kingdom. Vatsonga have occupied the area before the arrival of Ngunis from the west. Vatsonga have always been coastal people.

Tembe (Ronga)

The House of Va Ka Tembe is the heart of Tsonga discourse and its survival has to do with the power of Tsonga women who have kept the fire burning for two centuries after the Mfecene displacement and the Berlin border process, which divided the family into South Africa and Mozambique respectively. The Tembe in RSA only have their culture, which is Tsonga, but majority have lost their language due to the Bantustan process that left them in Kwazulu-natal and their children forced to learn Isizulu instead of Xitsonga. The Tembe are the second group to arrive and went further into the Delagoa Bay following Sala groupings. The Tembe arrival of Maputsu can be traced back around 500AD in accordance with Maputsu lineage.

Ndlopfu (Ndlovu) Nkomati groups

The Nkomati groupings can be divided into Mundlovhu, Sambo, Ntimani, Siweya, Maringa, Nzimande and Mathye. This Tsonga grouping has always lived side by side with the Tembe.

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20/11/2025

Dullstroom🦉

Dullstroom, a small town in Mpumalanga, South Africa, has a rich history rooted in its 19th-century origins. The area was originally occupied by the Southern Ndebele people under King Mabhoko. During conflicts with the South African Republic (ZAR) troops, Mabhoko and his son Nyabêla used the nearby Mapoch’s Caves as a strategic hideout. These conflicts culminated in intense fighting between 1882 and 1883. Today, Fort Mapoch and a statue of Nyabêla serve as significant historical landmarks in the region.

Dullstroom was established in 1883 through the efforts of a settlement company founded by Dutch merchant Wolterus Dull. At the invitation of State President Paul Kruger, Dull worked to settle Dutch immigrants in the area. The settlement company purchased two farms, Groot Suikerboschkop and Elandslaagte, as the foundation for the village. The name "Dullstroom" honors its founder, Dull, and the Crocodile River (stroom means "stream" in Dutch) that flows nearby.

President Kruger officially proclaimed Dullstroom a town on October 9, 1893. By that time, it was home to 48 settlers living in eight houses, with basic amenities like stables, cattle pens, and a small trading store.

The Second Boer War had a devastating effect on Dullstroom. While many men from the area joined the Boer forces, women and children were sent to a British concentration camp in nearby Belfast. During the war, the town was destroyed, leaving only two buildings intact. Many settlers returned to the Netherlands, leaving the area nearly deserted.

In 1905, the community began to rebuild, including the reconstruction of the church. By 1921, the town had reestablished itself enough to hold its first city council meeting.

In the early 20th century, Dullstroom gained a reputation as a trout fishing destination, influenced by wealthy residents from Johannesburg who introduced fly fishing to the area. Properties with trout dams became highly sought after and remain popular attrac

20/11/2025

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19/11/2025

Augrabies Falls......Northern Cape