Metanalyses, Gateway Circular Quay, Sydney/Office Level 36, Gateway 1 Macquarie Place (2025)

23/08/2025

📣 🅜🅔🅣🅐 Published Today (August 23, 2025 – Philippines)
A meta‑analysis examining how daily step counts relate to diverse health outcomes, finding ~7,000 steps/day delivers meaningful risk reductions.

TITLE:
DAILY STEPS AND HEALTH OUTCOMES IN ADULTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND DOSE‑RESPONSE META‑ANALYSIS

🅼 Link: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(25)00164-1

🅼 Key Findings:

🔬 ~7,000 steps/day (vs 2,000) linked to 47 % lower risk of all‑cause mortality (HR 0.53), 25 % lower cardiovascular disease incidence, 47 % lower CVD mortality, 37 % lower cancer mortality, 14 % lower type 2 diabetes incidence, 38 % lower dementia risk, 22 % lower depressive symptoms, and 28 % lower falls.

🔬 Dose‑response is mostly inverse and non‑linear: steep improvements up to ~5,000–7,000 steps/day, plateauing afterwards for many outcomes; some, like cancer incidence, show weak evidence (non‑significant 6 % reduction).

🔬 Evidence certainty is moderate for most outcomes, but lower for CVD mortality, cancer incidence, physical function, and especially falls (very low certainty).

🔬 While 10,000 steps/day remains beneficial, 7,000 appears a more realistic and evidence‑based public health target—particularly for less active populations.

🔬 Modest increases in daily steps (e.g., +1,000/day) yield tangible health gains; older adults may continue benefiting beyond 7,000 steps.

🅼 Clinical Relevance:
This study grounds the long-used 10,000-step guideline in real data, advocating ~7,000 steps/day as both achievable and clinically meaningful. It supports scalable public health messaging to reduce major health risks—even modest increases yield benefit—especially vital for older or less active adults.

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23/08/2025

📣 🅜🅔🅣🅐 META Published Today (23 August 2025, Philippines) – A meta‑analysis evaluating environmental enrichment (EE) interventions in infants with or at high risk of cerebral palsy, identifying optimal age windows for motor and cognitive improvements (200 characters)

TITLE: THE EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT IN INFANTS WITH OR AT HIGH RISK OF CEREBRAL PALSY: AN UPDATED SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

🅼 Link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-05954-5

🅼 Key Findings:

🔬 Environmental enrichment (EE) significantly improved motor development (SMD = 0.35; 95% CI 0.11–0.60; p=0.004)
DOI

🔬 Beneficial effects on gross motor function (SMD = 0.25; 95% CI 0.06–0.44; p=0.011)
DOI

🔬 No significant improvement in fine motor function (SMD = 0.20; 95% CI –0.04 to 0.43; p=0.109)
DOI

🔬 EE enhanced cognitive development (SMD = 0.32; 95% CI 0.10–0.54; p=0.004 after sensitivity analysis)
DOI

🔬 Optimal age for motor gains: 6–18 months – particularly strong between 6–12 and 12–18 months
DOI

🔬 Optimal age for cognitive gains: 6–12 months
DOI

🔬 Evidence quality varied: moderate for motor development; low for gross motor and fine motor; high for cognitive development
DOI

🔬 Interventions typically combined play-based sensory-motor stimulation, caregiver education, and social interaction
DOI

🅼 Clinical Relevance

EE protocols—such as COPCA, GAME, SPEEDI, START-Play—show small to moderate benefits in motor and cognitive domains during critical neuroplastic windows, especially between 6 and 18 months. For best outcomes, prioritize early, engaging, and caregiver-integrated stimulation tailored to developmental goals. Limits include small sample sizes and variable intervention quality, underscoring the need for standardized, high-quality future trials. (400 characters)

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23/08/2025

📣 🅜🅔🅣🅐 META Published Today (Philippines date: 23 August 2025)
TITLE: ASSOCIATION OF IL-10, IL-6, AND TNF-α POLYMORPHISMS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME RISK: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW, META-ANALYSIS, AND TRIAL SEQUENTIAL ANALYSIS

🅼 Link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12920-025-02167-8

🅼 Key Findings:

🔬 Eight cytokine gene polymorphisms (IL‑6 –174 G>C, IL‑6 –572 G>C, IL‑10 –592 C>A, –819 C>T, –1082 A>G, TNF‑α –308 G>A, –1031 T>C, –238 G>A) were assessed for associations with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

🔬 IL‑6 –174 G>C (in allelic and homozygous models) and TNF‑α –308 G>A (across all genetic models) were significantly associated with increased ACS risk.

🔬 IL‑10 polymorphisms and IL‑6 –572 G>C generally did not show significant associations.

🔬 Subgroup analysis indicated stronger associations for IL‑6 –174 G>C and TNF‑α –308 G>A in Asian and Arab populations; Caucasian and Latino groups showed weaker or no associations.

🔬 Trial sequential analysis supported sufficient evidence for IL‑6 –174 G>C; TNF‑α –308 G>A also showed strong harmful association signals, though further studies are advised for some genetic models.

🔬 Evidence of publication bias was found for IL‑6 –174 G>C in specific models; sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness for most polymorphisms.

🔬 Meta-regression revealed TNF‑α –308 G>A’s association with ACS increasing over time; no such temporal trend for other polymorphisms.

🅼 Clinical Relevance:
Incorporating IL-6 –174 G>C and TNF-α –308 G>A genotype data may enhance early ACS risk stratification—especially in Asian and Arab populations—enabling personalized prevention strategies and potentially guiding targeted therapeutic interventions.

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23/08/2025

📣 🅜🅔🅣🅐 Meta-Analysis Overview

META Published Today (Philippines date: 23 August 2025)
Evaluates links between IL-13 gene variants and asthma risk in Chinese children, identifying two SNPs associated with increased susceptibility.

TITLE: INTERLEUKIN-13 GENE POLYMORPHISMS AND ASTHMA SUSCEPTIBILITY IN CHILDREN: A META-ANALYSIS

🅼 Link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-05963-4

🅼 Key Findings:

🔬 rs 1295686 (C + 1923 T): genotypes TT, TC, and TT+TC significantly increase asthma risk; allele T also elevates risk.

🔬 rs 20541 (G + 2044 A): AA and AA+GA genotypes—and allele A—associated with higher susceptibility to bronchial asthma.

🔬 rs 1800925 (C-1112 T): no significant link found between its variants (TT, TC, TT+TC, or allele T) and asthma risk.

🔬 Analysis included 23 case-control studies in Chinese children (19 Chinese, 4 English) up to July 2021.

🔬 Publication bias in rs 1295686 models was assessed and ruled negligible using pruning; results deemed stable.

🔬 Limitations: language restriction (Chinese/English), limited study quality/number, potential selection/publication bias, and lack of subgroup/environment interactions.

🅼 Clinical Relevance:
Understanding these IL-13 polymorphisms (rs 1295686 and rs 20541) aids in early genetic risk assessment for pediatric asthma, potentially informing diagnosis, management strategies, and personalized interventions.

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22/08/2025

📣 Meta Published Today (August 22, 2025 — Philippines date)
Meta Published Today (22 August 2025 — Philippines) – A meta‐analysis evaluating the safety and effectiveness of secretagogue eye drops versus artificial tears for dry eye disease. (200 characters)

TITLE:
SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF DIQUAFOSOL COMPARED TO ARTIFICIAL TEARS FOR THE TREATMENT OF DRY EYE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Link:
🅼 Link: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26178113

Key Findings:

🔬 Diquafosol was the only secretagogue included in the quantitative meta-analysis due to limited data for pilocarpine and cevimeline.

🔬 The review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020218407).

🔬 Only randomized controlled trials in adults with dry eye disease (including aqueous deficiency and Sjögren's) were analyzed.

🔬 Diquafosol showed efficacy compared to artificial tears in RCTs; however, evidence for other secretagogues remains qualitative only.

🔬 The heterogeneity of study designs and limited data constrain broad conclusions.

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Clinical Relevance (400 characters):
This meta-analysis provides clinicians evidence that diquafosol may be more effective than artificial tears for dry eye in adults. However, due to sparse RCT data, especially for pilocarpine and cevimeline, further research is needed before broader adoption in clinical practice.

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22/08/2025

📣 🅜🅔🅣🅐 Meta Published Today — August 22, 2025 (Philippines)

TITLE:
THE USE OF BIREFRINGENCE FOR HUMAN S***MATOZOA SELECTION BEFORE INTRACYTOPLASMIC S***M INJECTION TO IMPROVE ARTIFICIAL REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY OUTCOMES

Link:
https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2024.07745

Key Findings:

🔬 Meta‑analysis of three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing s***m selection via birefringence for intracytoplasmic s***m injection (ICSI)

🔬 Birefringence selection significantly improved high‑quality embryo rate (HQER) (OR 1.560; 95% CI 1.193–2.040; p = 0.001)

🔬 Implantation rate (IR) also significantly improved with birefringence (OR 1.870; 95% CI 1.259–2.779; p = 0.002)

🔬 No significant difference in fertilization rate (FR) (OR 1.012; 95% CI 0.784–1.305; p = 0.928)

🔬 No significant improvement in clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) observed

🔬 Method followed PRISMA-P guidelines; registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023423108)

Clinical Relevance:
Integrating birefringence-based s***m selection during ICSI may offer a simple, low-risk enhancement to ART by improving embryo quality and implantation success, particularly for couples facing male-factor infertility.

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22/08/2025

📣 🅜🅔🅣🅐 Published Today (22 August 2025, Philippines) — This meta-analysis evaluates which PCSK9 inhibitors offer the best efficacy and safety in general and transplant populations.

TITLE:
EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF DIFFERENT PROPROTEIN CONVERTASE SUBTILISIN/KEKSIN TYPE 9 INHIBITORS IN THE GENERAL POPULATION AND SOLID ORGAN TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS: A NETWORK META-ANALYSIS

🅼 Link: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2025.1584612

🅼 Key Findings:

🔬 Efficacy: Evolocumab achieved the highest rankings for LDL-C reduction (SUCRA 67.2%) and lowering cardiovascular event incidence (SUCRA 69.5%).

🔬 Safety – adverse events: Ongericimab ranked best (fewest total adverse events; SUCRA 91.3%).

🔬 Safety – neurocognitive and infection: Alirocumab had the most favorable profiles (NCEs SUCRA 89.5%; infections SUCRA 74.1%).

🔬 Injection site reactions: Placebo had fewest reactions (SUCRA 89.8%).

🔬 Mortality: No PCSK9 inhibitor showed a statistically significant reduction in all-cause mortality; Alirocumab had the highest but still non-significant SUCRA (69.0%).

🔬 Subpopulations: LDL-C reduction was significant in both general and solid organ transplant recipients; cardiovascular event and mortality reductions were not statistically significant.

🔬 Inclisiran raised the risk of total adverse events and injection site reactions (relative risk > 1.2).

🔬 Overall: Evolocumab is most effective for lipid and cardiovascular outcomes; Ongericimab and Alirocumab offer better safety; long-term mortality benefits remain uncertain.

🅼 Clinical Relevance:
This analysis helps clinicians tailor lipid-lowering strategies, especially for solid organ transplant recipients, balancing efficacy (Evolocumab) with safety (Ongericimab, Alirocumab), though more data on mortality impact are needed.

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22/08/2025

📣 META Published Today (August 22, 2025, Philippines) – A three-level meta-analysis evaluating how the Big Five personality traits relate to innovation behavior (in 200 characters).

TITLE: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE BIG FIVE PERSONALITY MODEL AND INNOVATION BEHAVIOR: A THREE-LEVEL META-ANALYSIS

🅼 Link: https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15091143

🅼 Key Findings:

🔬 Agreeableness, extraversion, openness, and conscientiousness all show significant positive correlations with innovation behavior.

🔬 Openness (r = 0.406) and extraversion (r = 0.351) are strong predictors of innovation.

🔬 Conscientiousness (r = 0.292) shows a moderate correlation; agreeableness (r = 0.116) is weaker.

🔬 Neuroticism has a weak negative correlation (r = –0.083).

🔬 Cultural context and gender do not significantly moderate these relationships.

🔬 Sample type (student vs. employee) moderates openness: students show a higher openness–innovation link.

🔬 Measurement instrument matters: the BFI yields a much stronger openness–innovation correlation than the IPIP.

🅼 Clinical Relevance:
Personality traits—especially openness and extraversion—play key roles in innovation. Tailoring environments (e.g., educational settings) or interventions to foster openness could enhance innovative behavior, with stronger effects seen among students and when using BFI measures. (approx. 400 characters)

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22/08/2025

📣 META Published Today (August 22, 2025, Philippines) – A global meta-analysis puts adult insulin resistance prevalence at ~26.5%.

TITLE:
GLOBAL PREVALENCE OF INSULIN RESISTANCE IN THE ADULT POPULATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META‑ANALYSIS

Link:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2025.1646258

Key Findings:

🔬 Pooled adult insulin resistance (IR) prevalence globally: 26.53% (95% CI: 24.10–29.03)%

🔬 No significant difference between probabilistic (26.90%) vs non‑probabilistic sampling (25.93%)

🔬 Slightly higher IR in women (27.67%) than men (25.67%), but both with high heterogeneity

🔬 Variations by HOMA‑IR cut‑off: liberal (≤2.5) → 27.96%, moderate (2.6–3.0) → 25.02%, conservative (>3.0) → 24.75%

🔬 No clear temporal trend by publication year—prevalence remains relatively stable over time

🔬 Wide geographic variability: e.g., ~12.4% in Saudi Arabia vs ~46.5% in Venezuela

🔬 High heterogeneity (I² ~99%) highlights inconsistencies across studies due to methodological, demographic, and environmental differences

🔬 Risk of bias mostly low; only a few moderate, none rated high

Clinical Relevance:
This robust meta-analysis (involving 235,148 adults across 87 studies) underscores that about one in four adults worldwide displays insulin resistance. Clinically, this signals an urgent need for standardized diagnostic thresholds, early IR detection, and public health strategies—like lifestyle interventions—to curb progression to diabetes and its complications.

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21/08/2025

📣 Meta Pro Published Today (August 21, 2025 — Philippines date) – A meta‑analysis of exercise’s effect on serum IGF‑1 in frail or sarcopenic older adults.

TITLE: EXERCISE INTERVENTIONS AND SERUM IGF-1 LEVELS IN OLDER ADULTS WITH FRAILTY AND/OR SARCOPENIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META ANALYSIS

🅼 Link: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1660694

🅼 Key Findings:

🔬 The meta‑analysis of 16 RCTs (604 participants aged ~63.6–85.8 years) found that exercise interventions significantly increased serum IGF‑1 in older adults with frailty or sarcopenia (SMD = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.23–0.60; p < 0.0001)

🔬 Combined training (aerobic + resistance) had the strongest effect (SMD = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.36–0.84; p < 0.00001)
DOI

🔬 Resistance training alone showed a moderate effect (SMD = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.05–0.66; p = 0.02)

🔬 Aerobic training alone did not significantly change IGF‑1 levels (SMD ≈ 0.01; p = 0.96)

🔬 Exercise benefited both those with frailty (SMD = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.07–0.98) and sarcopenia (SMD = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.19–0.61), with no clear difference between the two groups

🔬 Findings were robust—low heterogeneity (I² = 15%) and no publication bias detected (Egger’s p = 0.70; trim‑and‑fill confirmed results)

🔬 Quality of included studies was generally good—2 Grade A, 9 Grade B, with some limitations in blinding, sample size, and standardization of interventions

🅼 Clinical Relevance:
Regular exercise—especially a combination of resistance and aerobic training—can safely and effectively boost IGF-1 levels, a hormone crucial for muscle maintenance, in frail or sarcopenic older adults. This supports non-pharmacological strategies to improve muscle health and functional resilience in geriatric care.

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21/08/2025

📣 🅜🅔🅣🅐 Published Today (August 21, 2025 Philippines time) – This meta-analysis assesses how physical exercise impacts apathy in older adults via systematic review and meta-analysis (9 RCTs, 356 participants).

TITLE: THE EFFECT OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON APATHY IN OLDER ADULTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

🅼 Link: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1617272

🅼 Key Findings:

🔬 Physical exercise significantly reduces apathy in older adults (SMD = −0.32; 95% CI: −0.53 to −0.11; p < 0.01).

🔬 Evidence derived from nine randomized controlled trials, encompassing 356 older adult participants.

🔬 Interventions characterized by low risk and tangible therapeutic benefits.

🔬 Exercise can be a safe and effective alternative or adjunct to pharmacological treatments for apathy.

🔬 Highlights the need to tailor exercise intensity and ensure supervision to maintain safety.

🅼 Clinical Relevance:
Physical exercise offers a feasible, low-risk intervention to alleviate apathy in older adults. It supports psychological and physical health, enhances life satisfaction, and may reduce reliance on medications when properly supervised.

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21/08/2025

META Published Today: August 21, 2025 (Philippines)

TITLE: EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF 3CL PROTEASE INHIBITORS IN PATIENTS WITH MILD OR MODERATE COVID-19: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS

Link (DOI): https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02899-0

Key Findings:

🔬 Among 8,511 patients across 10 RCTs, 3CL protease inhibitors significantly accelerated symptom alleviation (HR 1.17; p < 0.01) and recovery (HR 1.18; p < 0.01) compared with placebo.

🔬 Viral load reduction from baseline was substantial: at 48 h (SMD –1.15), 72 h (–0.95), 96 h (–1.30), and 120 h (–1.15), all statistically significant.

🔬 No significant difference was observed in the absolute number of patients achieving symptomatic resolution (RR 1.01; p = 0.147), or in serious/severe adverse events (RR 0.53; p = 0.054).

🔬 Incidence of any adverse event was higher in the treatment group (40.24% vs. 31.26%; RR 1.25; p = 0.010), but these were mostly mild or moderate laboratory or clinical events (e.g., diarrhea, nausea, hypokalemia, elevated triglycerides).

🔬 Trial Sequential Analysis confirmed sufficient data for some outcomes, but evidence regarding serious adverse events remains inconclusive.

Clinical Relevance:
This meta-analysis (published August 21, 2025) suggests that 3CL protease inhibitors may be an effective antiviral therapy for mild to moderate COVID-19, offering faster symptom improvement and reduced viral load compared to placebo. While they increase the risk of non-severe side effects, no rise in serious adverse events was found. Further RCTs are needed to clarify efficacy across subpopulations and long-term safety.

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