15/10/2024
Continuation of "The History Of Music In The Catholic Church - Holysync.
3. Medieval Polyphony (9th - 15th Century).
✓ Organum: Starting around the 9th Century, Organum developed, where singers added a second line of melody to the transitional Gregorian chant, creating the earliest form of polyphony (multiple independent melodies sung simultaneously).
✓ Notra-Dame School: By the 12th and 13th centuries, composers like Léniñ and Pérotin at the Notra-Dame Cathedral in Paris expanded polyphony, composing more complex multi-voiced pieces. This marked the beginning of "secred polyphony".
✓ Ars Nova: In the 14th century, the Ars Nova (New art) movement, especially in France, introduced more rhythmic and harmonic complexity into church music.
4. Renaissance Secret Music (15th - 16th Century).
✓ Renaissance Polyphony: Composers like Josquin des Prez and Giovanni Pierluigi de Palastrina created intricate polyphonic works for the Mass. Palestrina, especially, us renowned for his Missa Papae Marcelli (Pope Mercullus Mass), which epitomized the ideals of clarity and devotion that the Church sought during the Counter-Reformation.
✓ Mass and Motet: The mass was the central liturgical form, consisting of the Kryrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, and Agnus Dei. The "Motet" was a scared composition based on Latin texts but not part of the Mass, often more flexible in form.
✓ Council of Trent (1545 - 1563): The Council of Trent, which reformed many aspects of Catholic practice during the Counter-Reformation, debated the role of music in worship. It called for more simplicity and intelligibility in church music, leading to greater emphasis on clear text delivery, a goal embodied in the works of Palestrina.
Next > Baroque and Classical Periods, and 19th Century: Romanticism of Liturgical Reform.
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