
19/06/2025
Comparing the Senate of 1999 under President Obasanjo and the Senate of today under President Tinubu 2023
let’s break it down clearly, comparing the Nigerian Senate at the start of the 4th Republic (1999) to the current Nigerian Senate (10th National Assembly, inaugurated in 2023).
Here’s a comparative overview:
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📜 1. Historical Context
Aspect 4th Republic Senate (1999) Current Senate (10th Assembly, 2023–2027)
Time period Inaugurated May 29, 1999 Inaugurated June 13, 2023
Context Transition from military rule to democracy Democratic continuity since 1999
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👥 2. Membership
Aspect 1999 Senate 2023 Senate
Number of Senators 109 (3 per state + 1 FCT) 109 (same structure)
Dominant Party PDP (People’s Democratic Party) APC (All Progressives Congress)
Other Parties APP, AD PDP, LP, NNPP, SDP, YPP, others
Gender Representation Very few women (3) More women but still low (around 4–8, varies by reports)
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🔑 3. Leadership
Aspect 1999 Senate 2023 Senate
Senate President Evan Enwerem (first), then Chuba Okadigbo, then Pius Anyim
Obasanjo used 4 Senate Presidents
Under Tinubu
Godswill Akpabio Senate President
Deputy Senate Barau Jibrin
Majority Party Leader PDP APC
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⚖️ 4. Role and Influence
Aspect 1999 Senate 2023 Senate
Independence Initially weak, struggled to assert independence from the presidency More assertive, though still debates about executive influence
Legislative Focus Basic democratic laws, constitutional amendments, transitional governance Security, economy, subsidy removal effects, electoral reforms
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🔍 5. Political Stability
Aspect 1999 Senate 2023 Senate
Leadership Stability Frequent impeachments & leadership tussles in early years More stable, fewer leadership crises
Party Switching High defections even in early years Still common, especially around election periods
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✅ Key Differences
Experience: 1999 senators were mostly new to democratic legislative norms after military rule. The current Senate has more seasoned politicians and legislative frameworks.
Technology: The present Senate uses digital tools (live sessions, e-voting, more transparency) unlike in 1999.
Public Engagement: Citizens today scrutinize Senate activities more closely due to social media and activism.
Partisan Landscape: In 1999, PDP dominated for over a decade; today, APC holds sway but faces stronger opposition parties like Labour Party and NNPP.