ASEAN Observer, 西城区百万庄大街24号, Beijing (2025)

ASEAN Observer brings you daily updates on the major issues in China and Southeast Asia from the Beijing newsroom of the monthly journal China Report (ASEAN edition). We share the latest political, economic and environmental news stories to help you understand what is really happening in every Association of Southeast Nations (ASEAN) country and China.

17/07/2025

Xi Addresses Central Urban Work Conference, Listing Priorities for Urban Development
Source: Xinhua

The Central Urban Work Conference was held in Beijing from July 14 to 15. Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, Chinese president and chairman of the Central Military Commission, attended the conference and delivered an important speech. Members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, including Li Qiang, Zhao Leji, Wang Huning, Cai Qi, Ding Xuexiang and Li Xi, attended the conference.

In his speech, Xi summarized the achievements China has made in its urban development since the new era, analyzed the current situation of urban work, and outlined the general requirements, key principles, and major tasks for advancing urban work. Li Qiang delivered a concluding speech, specifying arrangements for implementing the guiding principles of Xi's important speech and for further improving urban work.

It was noted at the conference that since the 18th CPC National Congress, the Party Central Committee has gained a profound understanding of urban development under new circumstances. Upholding the Party's overall leadership over urban work, adhering to the principle of cities built by the people and for the people, and making systematic urban planning, China has achieved historic progress in urban development. Significant improvements have been made in new urbanization, urban development capacity, planning and governance, working and living conditions, preservation of historical and cultural heritage, and the eco-environment.

It was emphasized at the meeting that the overall requirements for urban development at present and in the years to come are as follows: Guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, efforts should be made to fully implement the guiding principles of the 20th CPC National Congress and the second and third plenary sessions of the 20th CPC Central Committee. The important expositions of General Secretary Xi Jinping on urban development must be thoroughly implemented, with a continued focus on strengthening the Party's overall leadership and faithfully practicing the vision of developing people-centered cities. The general principle of pursuing progress while maintaining stability must be upheld, and a policy of tailored approaches and differentiated guidance must be followed, with the aim to build modern, people-centered cities that are innovative, livable, beautiful, resilient, culturally vibrant, and smart. Efforts should center on promoting high-quality urban development, with a focus on quality-oriented growth. Urban renewal should be an important lever for optimizing urban structures, transforming growth drivers, improving quality, advancing green development, preserving cultural heritage, and enhancing governance efficiency. The red line of urban safety should never be crossed. With all these, a new path will be blazed for urban modernization with Chinese characteristics.

It was pointed out at the meeting that China's urbanization is shifting from a phase of rapid expansion to that of stable development. Urban growth is transitioning from large-scale incremental expansion to a stage focused on improving the quality and efficiency of existing capacity. It is imperative to accurately grasp and actively adapt to these changes in doing urban work. This requires the shifting of the urban development philosophy to place more emphasis on the well-being of the people. Development modes should be changed to prioritize intensive and efficient growth. Growth drivers should be transformed to highlight distinctive features. The focus of urban work should be shifted to increase input in governance. And work methods should be adjusted to strengthen overall coordination.

Key tasks for urban development across seven aspects were outlined at the meeting.

First, efforts will be focused on optimizing the modern urban system. This involves enhancing cities' comprehensive capacity to support population growth and social and economic development, fostering networked modern city clusters and metropolitan areas, advancing urbanization centered on county seats in a categorized approach, continuing to grant permanent urban residency to eligible rural residents who have moved to urban areas, promoting the coordinated development of cities of different sizes and small towns, and promoting the integrated development of urban and rural areas.

Second, emphasis will be placed on building vibrant cities powered by innovation. This includes cultivating a robust innovation ecosystem to achieve breakthroughs in developing new quality productive forces, leveraging reform and opening up to boost urban dynamism, carrying out high-quality urban renewal projects, and fully leveraging cities' pivotal role in the interplay between domestic and international economic flows.

Third, work will be done to develop comfortable, convenient and livable cities. This entails integrated planning of population, industries, urban areas and transportation to optimize urban spatial structures, speeding up the establishment of a new model for real estate development while steadily renovating urban villages and dilapidated housing, vigorously expanding consumer services, improving public services, and firmly safeguarding basic living standards.

Fourth, focus will be directed toward building green, low-carbon and beautiful cities. This involves consolidating the gains in ecological and environmental governance, adopting more effective measures to address urban air pollution, drinking water source protection and new pollutant control, pursuing synergy of reducing pollution and carbon emissions while expanding plant coverage, and enhancing urban biodiversity.

Fifth, measures will be taken to enhance urban safety and resilience. This will be achieved by advancing the "lifeline" safety engineering program for urban infrastructure, with accelerated efforts to renovate and upgrade aging pipelines. Strict controls will be imposed on the construction of super high-rise buildings while efforts will be made to ensure comprehensive improvements in housing safety standards. Cities will enhance their capacity for natural disaster prevention through integrated flood control systems and waterlogging management. Meanwhile, public security will be strengthened through holistic measures to effectively safeguard urban safety.

Sixth, efforts will be made to build culturally-vibrant cities characterized by high ethical and moral standards. This calls for improved systems for preserving historical and cultural heritage alongside refined urban landscape governance. It also requires protecting cities' unique historical legacies, cultural geography, and natural landscapes. Concurrent efforts will be made to strengthen urban cultural soft power and foster higher standards of civic conduct.

Seventh, efforts will be focused on building smart cities for greater efficiency and convenience. With Party building and law-based governance as cornerstones, innovations in governance concepts, models and methods will be pursued. Efforts will be made to make full use of citizen hotlines and other mechanisms to efficiently address the public's urgent needs and concerns.

It was stressed at the meeting that to build modern people-centered cities, the Party's overall leadership must be strengthened in urban work. It is essential to further improve the leadership system and working mechanism, enhance policy coordination across urban initiatives, and strengthen the implementation of policies in all sectors. It is imperative to have a correct understanding of what it means to perform well, set up a scientific urban development evaluation system, improve the competence and capabilities of teams for urban work, and motivate Party members and officials to undertake endeavors and take the lead in shouldering responsibilities. The principle of seeking truth from facts and pragmatism must be upheld, while pointless formalities and bureaucracy must be resolutely opposed.

It was noted at the meeting that General Secretary Xi's important speech provides scientific answers to major theoretical and practical questions regarding urban development -- such as whom it serves, on whom it relies, what kind of cities to build, and how to build them -- offering fundamental guidance for urban work on the new journey in the new era. The speech must be conscientiously studied and thoroughly implemented, according to the meeting. It is imperative to have a thorough understanding of the historical position of China's urban development, and do a good job in urban work with a broader vision. It is essential to grasp the goal of building modern people-centered cities, and consciously practice the people-centered development philosophy. It is important to have a correct understanding of the strategic orientation of quality-oriented urban development, thereby improving its overall quality in a targeted manner. It is essential to grasp the intrinsic requirements for greater dynamism and vitality in urban development, so as to further boost reform and innovation. It is significant to have a thorough understanding of the systemic and complex nature of urban work, so as to enhance the capability of implementing tasks and arrangements in this regard.

The meeting was attended by members of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, members of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee, leading officials of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, state councilors, president of the Supreme People's Court, prosecutor-general of the Supreme People's Procuratorate, and leading officials of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

Also present were leading Party and government officials as well as those in charge of urban work of provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities, and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps; leading officials of Party committees of cities specifically designated in the state plan, provincial capitals, and relevant prefecture-level cities; as well as leading officials from relevant central Party and state departments, relevant people's organizations, some financial institutions, enterprises and universities under the direct auspices of the central government, and relevant departments of the Central Military Commission.

02/07/2025

Xi chairs CPC leadership meeting to review work regulations on decision-making, deliberation, coordination

The Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee held a meeting on June 30 to review a set of regulations on the work of the Party Central Committee's decision-making, deliberative and coordinating institutions. Xi Jinping, general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, presided over the meeting.

The meeting noted that establishing the Party Central Committee's decision-making, deliberative and coordinating institutions is an important institutional arrangement to enhance the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee over major initiatives, and to ensure the accomplishment of major tasks. The formulation and issuance of the regulations will further standardize the establishment, responsibilities, and operations of such institutions. The regulations are of great significance for enhancing top-level design, overall coordination, integrated advancement, and effective implementation of major initiatives.

The meeting emphasized that the Party Central Committee's decision-making, deliberative and coordinating institutions must have a precise understanding of their responsibilities and roles. They should focus on planning, discussing, and oversight of major tasks, providing more effective overarching guidance and coordination over major initiatives. While fully exercising their coordinating responsibilities, they must avoid taking over others' functions or overstepping boundaries. It is essential to conduct in-depth research to improve the quality and effectiveness of decision-making and deliberation, and to propose practical and effective policy measures. It is essential to avoid formalism and bureaucratism and deliver real results.

Some other matters were also discussed at the meeting. (Xinhua)

29/10/2024

“ ,” a CGTN's newly released documentary, explores the whole story of the July 5 Riots in 2009. Doctor Ablet Eziz, who treated a large number of injured patients on July 5, recalled the horrifying scenes he saw on that day.

09/08/2024

The National Endowment for Democracy:What It Is and What It Does

The National Endowment for Democracy (NED) acts as the US government’s “white gloves.” It has long engaged in subverting state power in other countries, meddling in other countries’ internal affairs, inciting division and confrontation, misleading public opinion, and conducting ideological infiltration, all under the pretext of promoting democracy. Its innumerable evil deeds have caused grave harm and drawn strong condemnation from the international community.

In recent years, NED has kept changing tactics and gone even further in acting against the historical trend of peace, development and win-win cooperation. It has become more notorious for its infiltration, subversion and sabotage attempts against other countries. It is imperative to unmask NED and alert all countries to the need to see through its true colors, guard against and fight back its disruption and sabotage attempts, safeguard their national sovereignty, security and development interests, and uphold world peace and development and international fairness and justice.

Under the guise of democracy, freedom, and human rights, the United States has used NED for infiltration, interference and subversion against other countries. This has grossly violated other countries’ sovereignty, security and development interests, blatantly breached international law and basic norms of international relations, and severely jeopardized world peace and stability. Such unpopular and despicable acts are firmly opposed by the international community.

The world is moving toward multipolarity, and there need to be greater democracy in international relations. Every country has the right to pursue a development path suited to its national realities and the needs of its people. No country is in a position to lecture others on democracy and human rights, still less using democracy and human rights as excuses to infringe upon the sovereignty of other countries, interfere in their internal affairs and incite ideological confrontation. Following humanity’s common values of peace, development, fairness, justice, democracy and freedom, members of the international community should engage in exchanges and dialogue on the basis of mutual respect and equality, and work together to contribute to the progress of humanity.

19/07/2024

Communique of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China

Adopted at the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on July 18, 2024

The 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China convened its third plenary session in Beijing from July 15 to 18, 2024.

A total of 199 members and 165 alternate members of the Central Committee attended the session. Members of the Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and leading officials from other relevant departments were present at the meeting in a non-voting capacity. Some of our colleagues working at the primary level and a number of experts and scholars who were delegates to the 20th National Party Congress also attended the meeting in a non-voting capacity.

The Political Bureau of the Central Committee presided over the meeting. General Secretary of the Central Committee Xi Jinping delivered important addresses.

At the session, the Central Committee heard and discussed a report on the work of the Political Bureau, presented by Xi Jinping on behalf of the Political Bureau, and considered and adopted the Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Deepening Reform Comprehensively to Advance Chinese Modernization. Xi Jinping delivered explanatory remarks on the draft version of the Resolution.

At the session, the Central Committee fully affirmed the work of the Political Bureau since the second plenary session of the 20th Central Committee. It was unanimously agreed that in the face of a grave and complex international environment and the arduous tasks of advancing reform and development and ensuring stability at home, the Political Bureau has secured progress in the following respects:

-- earnestly implementing the guiding principles from the 20th National Party Congress and the first and second plenary sessions of the 20th Central Committee;

-- fully and faithfully applying the new development philosophy on all fronts;

-- adhering to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability;

-- implementing the Five-Sphere Integrated Plan and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy in a coordinated way;

-- giving full consideration to both domestic and international imperatives;

-- ensuring both development and security;

-- promoting high-quality development;

-- taking further steps to advance and plan for the deepening of reform across the board;

-- advancing socialist democracy and rule of law;

-- improving public communication and cultural work;

-- ensuring the people's wellbeing and protecting the environment;

-- safeguarding national security and social stability;

-- promoting the development of national defense and the armed forces;

-- advancing work related to Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan;

-- pursuing major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics; and

-- strengthening full and rigorous Party self-governance.

As a result of these efforts, we have achieved economic recovery and growth and have made firm strides in building a modern socialist country in all respects.

At the session, the Central Committee gave a highly positive assessment of the success and achievements we have made in comprehensively deepening reform since the beginning of the new era and studied the issue of further deepening reform comprehensively to advance Chinese modernization. It was stated that the present and the near future constitute a critical period for our endeavor to build a great country and move toward national rejuvenation on all fronts through Chinese modernization. Chinese modernization has been advanced continuously through reform and opening up, and it will surely embrace broader horizons through further reform and opening up. We must purposefully give more prominence to reform and further deepen reform comprehensively with a view to advancing Chinese modernization in order to better deal with the complex developments both at home and abroad, adapt to the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, and live up to the new expectations of our people.

It was stressed that, to further deepen reform comprehensively, we must stay committed to Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development and fully implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. We must thoroughly study and implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's new ideas, viewpoints, and conclusions on comprehensively deepening reform and fully and faithfully apply the new development philosophy on all fronts. We must adhere to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability and continue to free our minds, seek truth from facts, move with the times, and take a realistic and pragmatic approach, as we work to further unleash and develop the productive forces and tap into and boost the vitality of our society. Keeping in mind both domestic and international imperatives, we will ensure coordinated implementation of the Five-Sphere Integrated Plan and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy. Regarding economic structural reform as the spearhead and greater social fairness and justice and improvements in the people's wellbeing as our ultimate objectives, we will make our reforms more integrated, focused, and effective. We will work to better adapt the relations of production to the productive forces, the superstructure to the economic base, and national governance to social development, so as to provide strong impetus and institutional support for Chinese modernization.

It was stated that the overall objectives of further deepening reform comprehensively are to continue improving and developing the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and modernize China's system and capacity for governance. By 2035, we will have finished building a high-standard socialist market economy in all respects, further improved the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, generally modernized our system and capacity for governance, and basically realized socialist modernization. All of this will lay a solid foundation for building China into a great modern socialist country in all respects by the middle of this century. To steadily advance reform, we will focus on building a high-standard socialist market economy, advancing whole-process people's democracy, developing a strong socialist culture in China, raising the people's quality of life, building a Beautiful China, advancing the Peaceful China Initiative to a higher level, and improving the Party's capacity for leadership and long-term governance. The reform tasks laid out in this resolution shall be completed by the time the People's Republic of China celebrates its 80th anniversary in 2029.

It was stressed that, to further deepen reform comprehensively, we must review and apply the valuable experience we have gained from our efforts to deepen reform comprehensively since the launch of reform and opening up, particularly in the new era. We must implement the principles of upholding the Party's overall leadership, taking a people-centered approach, upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, taking institution building as our main task, exercising law-based governance on all fronts, and applying systems thinking.

At the session, the Central Committee made systematic plans for further deepening reform comprehensively with the emphasis on building a high-standard socialist market economy, promoting high-quality economic development, supporting all-around innovation, improving macroeconomic governance, promoting integrated urban-rural development, pursuing high-standard opening up, advancing whole-process people's democracy, promoting socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, deepening reform in the cultural sector, ensuring and improving the people's wellbeing, deepening reform in ecological conservation, modernizing China's national security system and capacity, deepening national defense and military reform, and improving the Party's leadership in further deepening reform comprehensively to advance Chinese modernization.

It was stated that a high-standard socialist market economy will provide an important guarantee for Chinese modernization. We must better leverage the role of the market, foster a fairer and more dynamic market environment, and make resource allocation as efficient and productive as possible. We will lift restrictions on the market while ensuring effective regulation, striving to better maintain order in the market and remedy market failures. By doing so, we will ensure smooth flows in the national economy and unleash the internal driving forces and creativity of our society as a whole. We will unswervingly consolidate and develop the public sector and unswervingly encourage, support, and guide the development of the non-public sector. We will ensure that economic entities under all forms of ownership have equal access to factors of production in accordance with the law, compete in the market on an equal footing, and are protected by the law as equals, thus enabling entities under different forms of ownership to complement each other and develop side by side. We will build a unified national market and refine the systems underpinning the market economy.

It was stated that high-quality development is our primary task in building China into a modern socialist country in all respects. It is essential that we use the new development philosophy to steer reform and ground our efforts in the new stage of development. We must deepen supply-side structural reform, improve incentive and constraint mechanisms for promoting high-quality development, and strive to create new growth drivers and strengths. We will improve the institutions and mechanisms for fostering new quality productive forces in line with local conditions, for promoting full integration between the real economy and the digital economy, for developing the service sector, for modernizing infrastructure, and for enhancing the resilience and security of industrial and supply chains.

It was stated that education, science and technology, and talent function as a basic and strategic underpinning for Chinese modernization. We must fully implement the strategy of invigorating China through science and education, the strategy of developing a quality workforce, and the innovation-driven development strategy, make coordinated efforts to promote integrated reform of institutions and mechanisms pertaining to education, science and technology, and human resources, and improve the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide to make key technological breakthroughs. These efforts will help boost the overall performance of China's innovation system. We will deepen comprehensive reform in education, deepen structural scientific and technological reform, and deepen institutional reforms for talent development.

It was stated that sound macro regulation, along with effective governance by the government, is essential for ensuring that we can fully harness the institutional strengths of our socialist market economy. It is, therefore, vital that we improve our macro regulation systems. We must pursue coordinated reforms in the fiscal, tax, financial, and other major sectors and work to enhance the consistency of macro policy orientation. We will improve the national strategic planning system and policy coordination mechanisms, deepen reform of the fiscal and taxation systems, further reform the financial system, and improve mechanisms for implementing the coordinated regional development strategy.

It was stated that integrated urban and rural development is essential to Chinese modernization. We must coordinate our efforts in new industrialization, new urbanization, and all-around rural revitalization, pursue greater urban-rural integration in planning, development, and governance, and promote equal exchanges and two-way flows of production factors between the cities and the countryside, so as to narrow the disparities between the two and promote their common prosperity and development. We will improve the institutions and mechanisms for advancing new urbanization, consolidate and improve the basic rural operation system, improve supporting systems to strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and enrich rural areas, and deepen reform of the land system.

It was stated that opening up is a defining feature of Chinese modernization. We must remain committed to the basic state policy of opening to the outside world and continue to promote reform through opening up. Leveraging the strengths of China's enormous market, we will enhance our capacity for opening up while expanding cooperation with other countries and develop new institutions for a higher-standard open economy. We will steadily expand institutional opening up, deepen the foreign trade structural reform, further reform the management systems for inward and outward investment, improve planning for regional opening up, and refine the mechanisms for high-quality cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative.

It was stated that developing whole-process people's democracy is integral to Chinese modernization. We must firmly stay on the path of socialist political advancement with Chinese characteristics and uphold and improve our country's foundational, basic, and important political systems. We must diversify the forms of democracy at all levels and ensure that the principle of the people running the country is manifested in concrete and visible ways in all aspects of China's political and social activities. We will strengthen the institutions through which the people run the country, improve the mechanisms for consultative democracy, enhance the institutions of democracy at the primary level, and build a broad united front.

It was stated that the rule of law provides an important guarantee for Chinese modernization. We must ensure full implementation of the Constitution and uphold its authority, coordinate the reforms to promote sound legislation, law enforcement, administration of justice, and observance of the law, and improve the mechanisms for ensuring that all are equal before the law, so as to promote socialist rule of law, safeguard social fairness and justice, and see that all work of the state is carried out under the rule of law. We will deepen reforms in legislation, advance law-based government administration, improve the institutions and mechanisms for impartial law enforcement and administration of justice, refine the mechanisms for building a law-based society, and strengthen the rule of law in foreign-related affairs.

It was stated that Chinese modernization is the modernization of material and cultural-ethical advancement. We must boost our cultural confidence and work to develop advanced socialist culture, promote revolutionary culture, and carry forward fine traditional Chinese culture. We must stay abreast of the latest trends in information technology, cultivate a vast pool of talented personnel in the field of culture, and ignite the cultural creativity of the entire nation. We will improve the responsibility system for ideological work, refine the mechanisms for supplying cultural products and services, improve the system for comprehensive cyberspace governance, and establish a more effective international communication system.

It was stated that ensuring and enhancing the people's wellbeing in the course of development is one of the major tasks of Chinese modernization. Striving to do everything within our capacity in this regard, we must refine the system for guaranteeing basic public services, work to provide inclusive public services, meet essential needs, and provide a cushion for those most in need, and focus on resolving the most practical problems that are of the greatest and most direct concern to the people, so as to meet people's aspirations for a better life. We will improve the income distribution system, the employment-first policy, and the social security system, further reform the medical and healthcare systems, and improve the systems for facilitating population development and providing related services.

It was stated that Chinese modernization is the modernization of harmony between humanity and nature. We must improve ecological conservation systems, make concerted efforts to cut carbon emissions, reduce pollution, pursue green development, and boost economic growth, actively respond to climate change, and move faster to improve the systems and mechanisms for applying the principle that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. We will improve the basic systems for ecological conservation, environmental governance systems, and mechanisms for green and low-carbon development.

It was stated that national security provides a pivotal foundation for ensuring steady and continued progress in Chinese modernization. We must fully apply a holistic approach to national security, improve the institutions and mechanisms for safeguarding national security, and ensure that high-quality development and greater security reinforce each other, so as to effectively safeguard the country's stability and security over the long term. We will improve the national security system, the public security governance mechanisms, the social governance system, and the mechanisms for ensuring national security in foreign-related affairs.

It was stated that modernizing national defense and the armed forces is an integral part of Chinese modernization. We must maintain the Party's absolute leadership over the people's armed forces and fully implement the strategy of strengthening the military through reform to provide a strong guarantee for realizing the centenary goal of the People's Liberation Army in 2027 and achieving basic modernization of national defense and the armed forces. We will improve the systems and mechanisms for leading and managing the people's armed forces, further reform joint operations systems, and deepen military-civilian reforms.

It was stressed that the Party's leadership is the fundamental guarantee for further deepening reform comprehensively to advance Chinese modernization. We must acquire a deep understanding of the decisive significance of establishing Comrade Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and establishing the guiding role of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era; be more conscious of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the central Party leadership; stay confident in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics; and uphold Comrade Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and uphold the Central Committee's authority and its centralized, unified leadership. We must maintain keen awareness of the need to use the Party's own transformation to steer social transformation and continue to apply the spirit of reform and strict standards in conducting Party self-governance. We will improve the systems and regulations for the Party's self-reform and continue working to purify, improve, renew, and excel ourselves. All this will enable our Party to remain the strong leadership core in building socialism with Chinese characteristics. We must uphold the Party Central Committee's centralized, unified leadership over the endeavor to further deepen reform across the board; deepen institutional reforms related to Party building; intensify efforts to improve conduct, build integrity, and combat corruption; and work with relentless persistence to ensure the implementation of reforms.

It was stressed that Chinese modernization is the modernization of peaceful development. In foreign relations, China remains firmly committed to pursuing an independent foreign policy of peace and is dedicated to promoting a human community with a shared future. Holding dear humanity's shared values, we will pursue the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative and call for an equal and orderly multipolar world and universally beneficial and inclusive economic globalization. We will deepen institutional reforms related to the work of foreign affairs and participate in efforts to lead the reform and development of the global governance system. We will resolutely safeguard China's sovereignty, security, and development interests.

It was stated that studying and implementing the guiding principles from the session represent a major political task for the entire Party and nation both at the present and for some time to come. It is essential to thoroughly study the guiding principles from the session and fully grasp the main theme, major principles, major measures, and fundamental guarantees for further deepening reform comprehensively. The entire Party from the leadership down must work as one to ensure that the Resolution is implemented and the strategic plans for further deepening reform comprehensively are translated into strong impetus for advancing Chinese modernization.

At the session, an analysis of the present situation and the tasks we face was conducted. It was highlighted that we must remain firmly committed to accomplishing the goals for this year's economic and social development. In accordance with the Party Central Committee's decisions and plans concerning economic work, we will ensure effective implementation of macro policies, strive to expand domestic demand, develop new quality productive forces in light of local conditions, move faster to foster new drivers of foreign trade, take solid steps toward green and low-carbon development, ensure and improve the people's wellbeing, and consolidate and build upon our achievements in poverty alleviation. We will review and assess the implementation of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) and make sound preparations for the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030).

It was stated that we must ensure both development and security. To this end, we will implement various measures for preventing and defusing risks in real estate, local government debt, small and medium financial institutions, and other key areas. We will make sure that responsibilities for workplace safety are strictly fulfilled and refine the measures for monitoring, preventing, and controlling natural disasters, especially floods. We will strengthen the network for preventing and controlling public security risks so as to safeguard social stability. We will improve public opinion guidance and effectively deal with risks in the ideological domain. We will properly respond to external risks and challenges, strive to play a leading role in global governance, and actively work to foster a favorable external environment.

It was stressed that on the basis of studying, communicating, and implementing the guiding principles from the session, we must arm all Party members with the Party's new theories to enhance their understanding of Marxism and their capacity for advancing the modernization drive. We will refine the systems for exercising full and rigorous self-governance, improve work conduct, and rectify the deep-rooted practices of pointless formalities and bureaucratism in a continued effort to ease the burdens on those working on the ground. We will redouble efforts to improve Party conduct, build integrity, and fight corruption and make solid strides in carrying out discipline inspections. We will consolidate and expand on what we have achieved in theoretical study initiatives, advance the campaign to increase awareness of Party discipline, safeguard the Party's solidarity and unity, and continue to enhance the Party's creativity, cohesion, and ability.

It was decided at the session that, in accordance with the Party Constitution, empty seats on the Central Committee will be filled by alternate members Ding Xiangqun, Yu Lijun, and Yu Jihong.

It was also decided that Comrade Qin Gang's resignation should be accepted and he should be removed from his position on the Central Committee.

At the session, the CPC Central Military Commission's inspection report on grave violations of Party discipline and state laws involving Li Shangfu, Li Yuchao, and Sun Jinming was deliberated and adopted, and the Political Bureau's previous decision to expel Li Shangfu, Li Yuchao, and Sun Jinming from the Party was confirmed.

At the session, a call was issued to the whole Party, the entire military, and Chinese people of all ethnic groups to stay closely rallied around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core; hold high the banner of reform and opening up, pool our collective wisdom and strength, and forge ahead with enterprise; and strive toward the Second Centenary Goal of building China into a great modern socialist country in all respects and work to advance the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation on all fronts through Chinese modernization.

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