11/07/2025
🌀 كون️Components of the borehole ️️ 🌀
Drilling rig components
Each digging tower consists of four basic parts, which are:
1.Hoisting and Rotation System.
2. Mud circulation System.
3. Well Control System.
4.
Power Generation System.
🟨
🔴1-Mast_or_Derrick
It extends from the tower’s floor to the top or to the end of the tower and allows crew members to assimilate the pipes used to drill oil wells and carry moving reels and hooks.
🔴2-Substructure
It is the bottom part of the Cellar Resistance Drilling Tower, which is considered the essential part and strong base of the drilling tower, and it is a set of objects that support the draw work, drilling pipes, weighing, lining, as well as other equipment on the drilling tower and should be in proportion to the height of the ejection barriers.
🔴3-Draw_Work
It is the heart of the drill (RIG), which helps to bring equipment into and out of the well pit, and it also prepares the strength required to connect and unplug pipe connections, and is one of the important equipment in the drill tower, which is responsible for the lifting and lowering of the lifting system and the drilling thread STRING, the horsepower of the tower depends on ability Horsemanship
🔴4-Crown_Black
The set of static reels is called a set of fixed reels and it is located at the highest peak of the Mast. It's function is to allow the ascending and descending of the Drilling Line that connects to the moving reelers. The fixed reels consist of a set of sheave rolls, which are the reels that are fixed by the drilling line coming from a reel. Preparation of drilling thread (Real Apply). The stationary rollers have a number of oscillated rollers (increasing by one ball, which is separated and falls to the top of the stationary rollers) than the moving rollers, which are used for the Fast Line that reaches the lifting cabinets (D). W) And this extra reel is called (Fast Shave) i.e. it's only for the fast line.
🔴5-Top_drive
It is a system to be added to the drilling machine, expensive but effective and efficient, and it is an electric motor capable of moving the control shaft and connected to the top motor, which connects to the drill shaft and accuracy, and this whole set is attached to the hook and moves on bars as a guide, and in this case we note that the turntable does not rotate In the state of drilling
And of its features:
- The drilling crew can quickly and safely add the drilling pipes and dig the well with greater safety and with greater efficiency without sticking the drilling pole to the wall of the well compared to the revolving table.
-Longer drilling with three tubes can drill any three times the length of the Kelly shaft, saving time in making connections.
🔴6-Traveling_Block
It is called a moving reel set, and it also contains a set of Sheave, which is rotated around the drilling ropes, and it is a supplement to the work of fixed rollers in ascending and lowering the drilling rope, and in addition, its work is related to the hook, which wraps these reels in steel housing. ) .
🔴7-Hook
The hook is used to attach the moving ball to the swivel and the rest of the drill thread.
🔴8-Swivel
And this part is responsible for:
1. Participating in spinning the drill thread by tying kelly rib tube to it on one side and the rotating table on the other and carrying the drill thread with a hook.
2. The one responsible for transporting the drilling fluid from the Rotary hose and through the Goose neck to the rib pipe where it has a wash pipe, a stomach with a fixed upper part connected to the Goose neck
3. The rotary hose transfers the rotary hose and the lower motor part tied in the middle of the large motor part of the swivel, where it rotates with the rotary table, which gives the rotary motion, transfers the drilling fluid into the drilling thread.
🔴9-Rotary_Table
It is considered one of the main components of the drilling tower as it works to transfer the rotational motion to the drilling thread set and consists of:
1. Rotary Table: the basic rule of a rotary table
2. ; Master Bushing which has four holes distributed on four sides and is square. Two Bowl rings are placed inside the opening of the Master Bushing to fit the size of the Drilling Pipe Holders (Slips) and the shape of these rings is cone shaped inside to match the cone shape of the Pipe Holder, the rings can be opened and replaced with a smaller or larger one and can also be lifted to provide the largest opening inside the turntable and when necessary. Master Bushing can be disposed of and also rotary table
🔴10-Mud_pumps
Huge pumps pull out the mud of holes from mud tubs
He pumped it into the tower to recycle the mud of the holes during the well drilling process
🔴11-Diesel_Generator
They are electrical generators that generate electrical energy and prepare it to all the parts of the drilling tower that work with electrical energy, and also prepare the work site with electricity.
🔴12-Fuel_Tank
And they are tanks to store fuel that generators need.
🔴13-Monkey_Board commentary platform
The platform on which the worker (derrick man) stands is responsible for arranging the drilling pipes and weighing and attributing these pipes during the pulling and lowering of the drilling and weighing pipes, and the worker supports the pipes into a platform with barriers called the finger board platform, which contains (12) barriers for the drilling pipe.
🔴14-Stabbing_Board (Delivery platform)
It is a platform similar to a suspension platform but its height is less where it is about (9-12) meters where it helps to lower the lining tubes where the operator works to direct the lining tube in the right direction for the intensity by (Power Tong).
🔴15-FLOOR
It is a place where the rotary table is located, where the workers of drilling operations, pulling and unloading operations, and all the equipment are located, where the digger and the crew are located, and the necessary equipment for drilling is placed on the floor of the tower, and there is also a place where the digger works, where he monitors the drilling processes and controls the drilling operations. It is called Dog House.
🔴16-Cat_Walk
It helps to place drilling pipes, weighing and linings in order to lift them directly to the floor of the tower (floor)
🔴17-Pipe_Ramp
It is a corridor for pipes pulled to the floor of the tower (floor) and is inclined to facilitate the pulling and lowering of the pipes.
🔴18-Pipe_Rake
It is the place where the pipes are based on the floor of the tower, where the pipes cannot be placed on the ground directly for dirt, and the staff can easily clean and inspect the pipes
🔴19Mouse_hole
The hole in which the borehole pipe is placed, which is a pipe that extends to the ground of the tower and is shorter than the length of the borehole pipe, to facilitate the severity and retrieval.
🔴20-Elevator
Cranes, which also work with hook, help in the process of pulling and unloading of drilling pipes, weighing and lining, and classifying the types of cranes depending on the type and diameter of drilling pipe, weight and lining:
🔴1-(Center –Latch Bottleneck Elevator) The center latch bottleneck elevator with slopes: the most common for drilling pipes
🔴2-(Side –Door Collar Elevator) The side opening collar elevator: It is often used for weight pipes.
▶️3- ( Slip-Type Tubing Elevator ) is a slip-type tubing elevator and is used for well completion processes for production tubes.
▶️ (Casing Elevator): It is special for abdominal removal operations and has two types:
;Spider elevator: It is used for heavy loads to hold liner tubes during liner unloading operations.
-; Pick Up Elevator: It works to carry one lining tube from the tower's floor.
🔴21- Connection tools (connection tools)
The connecting equipment plays a big role in the drilling process, where it works to open and tighten pipes of all kinds, in addition to the other equipment found in the excavation tower on several types, and here are the details of this equipment:
🔴22-Tong_Spinner
It is used to connect and open drilling pipes and other equipment, and it contains (jaws) that are interchangeable depending on the diameter of the connection in the drilling tube and the outer diameter of drilling pipes of all kinds, and each (jaw) contains two Spinning Wrench, and is called the antennae switches and are used to open (after opening with a Tong Spinner) and tighten the pipes. Drilling only is under a certain determination and is operated by air equipped with air compressors, which is disoriented in case of changing operation from opening to tightening or from tightening to opening and is operated by a Tong Spinner support.
🔴23-(Casing spinner )Power Tong
It is used to tighten lining tubes, and it is on several types depending on the diameter of the lining.
🔴24- SLIPS (pipe masks) divided into several types.
🔻1. Drilling pipe masks: it contains three parts each part contains (18 dieses) and each part is divided into three sections to make a total ( 54 dieses) and works on the drill pipe holder inside the rotary table.
🔻2-Weighting tube masks: It works to hold the weight tubes inside the rotating table and contains a set of pieces (jaw) and one of these pieces (jaws) can be added or removed for the purpose of increasing the diameter or subtraction depending on the diameter of the tube, and each jaw contains a set of circular dices and each jaw contains (7) Step along the jaw where the weighted pipe clams work with the help of a safety pipe clam.
Which also works on the weight pipe clam and puts on the top of the weight pipe clams and is in the shape of a snail tape and ties around the clam outside the turntable and is placed for safety purposes in case the heavy pipe clam fails and each piece of snail tape has one Dies and is thick walls and has safety clam on Two handles to facilitate a campaign with note that the length of the safety clam can be increased and also reduced by adding or opening a new and existing piece.
▪️3. Lining tube masks (SPIDER): It is a tube mask, but this type is special for weighting tubes, it grows larger and smaller depending on the desired diameter, an insert is placed directly on the rotating table, and is used when the measurement of the coupling link for the rotating table is not compatible with the measurement of domestic tubes, where the coupling connection is lifted when the SPIDER is placed and has a tribal Can carry large loads up to more than (500) .....
