05/01/2026
A new systematic review by Natasha Dowell et al. evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of the Afirma GSC and ThyroSeq v3 molecular tests for detecting thyroid carcinoma in patients with cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules.
The review provides a broader analysis than previous work by assessing surgically confirmed and unconfirmed cases separately and incorporating the latest published literature. The results demonstrate the value of both tests in ruling out malignancy and reducing unnecessary surgeries, supporting their use as effective tools for managing indeterminate thyroid nodules. However, with both tests showing low specificity, they remain limited in their ability to reliably rule in malignancy.
The review highlights the need for randomised controlled trials, long‑term follow‑up of unoperated nodules, and direct head‑to‑head comparisons to strengthen the evidence that guides clinical decision‑making.
Read the full article: doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-25-0296