07/09/2025
Wladysław Turowicz – The Polish Hero of Pakistan’s Air and Space Program
In 1948, as Europe struggled after World War II, forty-five Polish officers and scientists came to Pakistan to help build its young armed forces.
Among them was Wladyslaw Jozef Marian Turowicz, a brilliant aeronautical engineer who would become a national hero in his adopted country.
Turowicz joined the Pakistan Air Force as chief scientist. He set up technical institutes, trained fighter pilots and introduced new technologies.
His rise was swift, by 1952 he became Wing Commander, in 1959 Group Captain, and just a year later, Air Commodore. He also played a crucial role in keeping the PAF strong during the 1965 war when spare parts from abroad were cut off.
But Turowicz’s greatest contribution came in 1966, when he convinced President Ayub Khan to start Pakistan’s space programme.
Working with Nobel laureate Dr Abdus Salam, he laid the foundation for the country’s rocket and missile technology. As head of SUPARCO, Turowicz turned Pakistan into one of the earliest countries in Asia to test and launch rockets.
Unlike most of his colleagues who returned to Poland, Turowicz stayed in Pakistan with his wife and three daughters. His wife Zofia taught gliding and science and their children also made Pakistan their home.
Turowicz died in a car accident in Karachi in 1980, but his service was honoured with full military funerals and the nation’s highest awards, including the Sitara-e-Pakistan, Sitara-e-Imtiaz, and Sitara-e-Quaid-e-Azam. Today, his name lives on at the PAF Museum and the SUPARCO Space Complex in Lahore.
From a war-torn Poland to the skies of Pakistan, Turowicz’s story is one of loyalty, brilliance and a lasting legacy that still shapes the nation’s defence and space programme.
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