29/08/2026
BPSC TRE 4 (Class 6-8) English Short Notes
Credits / Channel Branding: Tech Info 247
📌 Page 1: Subject-Verb Agreement (मह： नियम)
> Basic Rule: Singular Subject \rightarrow Singular Verb (V_1 + s/es)
> Plural Subject \rightarrow Plural Verb (V_1)
>
* And (और): Two singular subjects joined by and take a plural verb.
* Example: Ram and Shyam are playing.
* Exception: If they represent a single idea/pair (Bread and butter, Rice and curry), take a singular verb.
* Example: Bread and butter is my favorite breakfast.
* Each / Every / Everyone / Anybody: Always followed by a singular verb.
* Example: Each of the boys has a pen.
* Neither... nor / Either... or: The verb agrees with the nearest subject.
* Example: Neither the teacher nor the students were present. (students के अनुसार 'were')
📌 Page 2: Tenses Quick Revision
| Tense | Helping Verb (H.V.) | Main Verb (M.V.) | Important Signal Words |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | Do / Does | V_1 or V_1+s/es | Always, Daily, Usually, Often |
| Present Continuous | Is / Am / Are | V_1 + ing | Now, At present, Currently |
| Present Perfect | Has / Have | V_3 | Just, Already, Yet, Ever, Since/For |
| Past Simple | Did | V_2 (affirmative), V_1 (negative) | Yesterday, Last week, Ago |
| Past Continuous | Was / Were | V_1 + ing | While, When |
> ⚠️ Important BPSC Rule: If two actions happened in the past, the earlier action takes Past Perfect (had + V_3) and the later action takes Past Simple (V_2).
> * Example: The patient had died before the doctor came.
>
📌 Page 3: Active & Passive Voice (Golden Rules)
* Rule 1: Object becomes Subject, and Subject becomes Object (with by).
* Rule 2: Always use V_3 (Past Participle) in Passive Voice.
* Rule 3: Tense changes in Passive:
* Present Indefinite (V_1) \rightarrow is/am/are + V_3
* Past Indefinite (V_2) \rightarrow was/were + V_3
* Present Continuous (is/am/are + ing) \rightarrow is/am/are + being + V_3
* Modals (can/should/must) \rightarrow Modal + be + V_3
* Example:
* Active: She writes a letter.
* Passive: A letter is written by her.
📌 Page 4: Direct & Indirect Speech
* Reporting Verb Changes:
* said \rightarrow said
* said to \rightarrow told
* says to \rightarrow tells
* Conjunctions:
* Assertive Sentence \rightarrow use that
* Interrogative Sentence \rightarrow use if / whether (for Yes/No questions) or same WH-word (what, who, where).
* Imperative Sentence \rightarrow use to / not to
* Pronoun Change Rule (SON):
* 1st Person (I, we) changes according to Subject.
* 2nd Person (you) changes according to Object.
* 3rd Person (he, she, it, they) No Change.
📌 Page 5: Articles (A, An, The)
* A / An (Indefinite): Used for singular countable nouns with sound basis.
* A \rightarrow Consonant sound (a university, a European)
* An \rightarrow Vowel sound (an umbrella, an honest man)
* The (Definite): Used for specific/unique things, rivers, mountain ranges, holy books, newspapers, and superlatives.
* Example: The Ganga, The Quran, The Sun, The best student.
Prepared by Tech Info 247 for BPSC TRE Aspirants. Save & Share for quick revision!
