Engg. Mohd Asif Ansari

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Grades of Concrete and Mix Ratio Concrete is a composite material made from Cement, Sand, and Aggregate. The strength of...
03/09/2025

Grades of Concrete and Mix Ratio

Concrete is a composite material made from Cement, Sand, and Aggregate. The strength of
concrete depends on the mix ratio of these materials. Different grades of concrete are used fordifferent construction purposes.

Below are the standard nominal mix ratios for various grades ofconcrete:

M5: 1 : 5 : 10 → Used for PCC (Plain Cement Concrete) in leveling, bedding, etc. -

M7.5: 1 : 4 : 8 → Used for foundation bed, flooring, and non-structural elements.

M10: 1 : 3 : 6 →Used for small concreting works and flooring.

M15: 1 : 2 : 4 → Used in pathways, floors, and
non-load bearing structures.

M20: 1 : 1.5 : 3 → Standard grade used for RCC works like slabs,beams, columns.

M25: 1 : 1 : 2 → Used for strong RCC works such as footings, bridges, andheavy structures.

The ratio is always written as: Cement : Sand : Aggregate. A higher cementcontent increases strength but reduces workability and cost efficiency.

MOHAMMAD ASIF ANSARI/ Assign

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SOIL TEST REPORT INTERPRETATION Before starting any construction project, knowing the soil condition is crucial for safe...
03/09/2025

SOIL TEST REPORT INTERPRETATION

Before starting any construction project, knowing the soil condition is crucial for safety and durability. The Standard Pe*******on Test (SPT) gives us the N-value, which helps determine soil condition and its bearing capacity.

✅ N-Value 0–2 → Very Soft Soil | Bearing Capacity ≈ 2 ton/m²
✅ N-Value 2–5 → Soft Soil | Bearing Capacity 2–5 ton/m²
✅ N-Value 5–9 → Medium Soil | Bearing Capacity 5–10 ton/m²
✅ N-Value 9–17 → Stiff Soil | Bearing Capacity 10–20 ton/m²
✅ N-Value 17–33 → Very Stiff Soil | Bearing Capacity 20–40 ton/m²
✅ N-Value >33 → Hard Soil | Bearing Capacity >40 ton/m²

💡 Knowing these values helps engineers design strong foundations and avoid structural failures.

🏗️ Good soil = Strong foundation = Safe structures!

MOHAMMAD ASIF ANSARI 🖊️

Construction Method Comparison1. Precast Construction- Factory-cast elements are produced in controlled environments and...
03/09/2025

Construction Method Comparison

1. Precast Construction

- Factory-cast elements are produced in controlled environments and assembled on-site.

Very fast ex*****on, consistent high quality, reduced labor,minimal material waste.

Best for: Large-scale, time-sernsitive and durable projects.

2. Mivan Construction (Aluminum Formwork)

- Monolithic cast-in-situ concrete using reusable aluminum formwork.

Faster construction cycles, smooth finishes, structurally strong buildings.

• Best for: High-rise residential developments and mass housing projects.

3. Cast In Situ Construction (Traditional)

- Concrete poured and cured on-site with conventional formwork.

Flexibility in design changes, lower upfront investment, widely accepted method.

Best for: Customized, low-rise or budget-sensitive projects.

Key Insight:

-Each method delivers unique advantages. The future of construction lies in choosing the right technology for the right project-balancing speed, scalability, quality and cost.

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