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Smile Pencil, Delhi (2025)

28/05/2023

It was in 2019 when Narendra Modi was sworn in as prime minister for the second time. In the second term, the Modi government was in action mode. The priority of the government was fixed. After the law against triple divorce and the removal of Article 370 from Jammu and Kashmir, the government wanted to settle the old, stranded works as soon as possible.

The Prime Minister was informed that in 2012, Speaker Meera Kumar had proposed to build a new Parliament. The condition of the Parliament House is in a dilapidated condition, many of its works are pending, and the Central Vista is also incomplete. This needs to be done. On this, Prime Minister Narendra Modi said, "All old and national important projects should be completed as soon as possible." Start working afresh on the new Parliament. As soon as the Prime Minister said this, the plan to redevelop about three kilometers area from Rashtrapati Bhavan to India Gate started. It was named the Master Plan of Re-development of Central Vista Avenue and work on the detailed project began in September 2019. The plan for Central Vista was prepared after about six months. In this plan, from the new Parliament building to the Prime Minister's residence, the Vice President's residence and many government offices were to be built.

After detailed discussion, on April 23, 2020, the Central Vista Committee passed a proposal to create a new Parliament. The budget was fixed and from then till today, some people of the country have given their lives to stop the work of the new Parliament building. And the biggest beginning of this was the Congress. Then the Congress President Sonia Gandhi wrote a letter to the Modi government demanding to stop the construction of the new Parliament building, but the government did not listen to her. It seemed that the work of this project, which was already delayed due to Corona, would start now.

Suddenly, 177 petitions were filed in the Supreme Court against the new Parliament building. According to these petitions "The project meant for the new Parliament was wrongly approved. The venues were changed, a plan was made to cut 1000 trees, and its environmental audit was not even done before the approval of the project. Different ministries of the government approved this project in a very short time without investigation. Therefore, it should be investigated. And this should be stopped. When the hearing started in the Supreme Court, the judges were also surprised by the attitude of the government. "It was not expected that the central government would adopt such an aggressive attitude towards the construction work. After this comment of the court, it once seemed that the new Parliament would not be built, although the court also said that the government can lay the foundation stone, do the paperwork, but there will be no demolition of construction or cutting of trees.

The matter was heard again in the Supreme Court in January 2021, where a three-judge bench dismissed all the petitions filed against the construction of two new Parliament buildings. After all this, the work of laying the first brick of the new Parliament building started. After all this, the work of building a new Parliament started going on fast, but those opposing it also did not give up.

In 2021, a petition was again filed in the Delhi High Court against the new Parliament building. It was said that the risk of Corona is increasing. There is a risk of corona spreading at the construction site, so the construction work of the new Parliament should be stopped, but the Delhi High Court refused to stop the work of the new Parliament and said that the Central Vista is a project of national importance and therefore it cannot be stopped. The court also imposed a fine of Rs 1, 00,000 on the petitioner. A petition was filed in the Supreme Court against the Delhi High Court's decision, but the matter did not happen there either. By the time the Supreme Court also dismissed the petition, the construction of Parliament was going on at a rapid pace.

But these people would have given up so easily, how could this happen? He was making every effort to ensure that the new Parliament building could not be constructed somehow. This time the Waqf Board came in the picture. The Waqf Board filed a petition in the Delhi High Court and said that its properties are being damaged in the construction of the new Parliament building and Central Vista, so it should be stopped immediately. But the court also rejected it.

It is also a historical fact that the new Parliament building was first conceived in the 1990s during the tenure of the Congress government when Shivraj Patil was the Speaker of the Lok Sabha and PV Narasimha Rao was the Prime Minister of the country. At that time, Lok Sabha Speaker Shivraj Patil had told Prime Minister Narasimha Rao that the Parliament House was getting old and there are many problems here. A new Parliament building will be required for delimitation. So, we should think about the new Parliament building. But then PV Narasimha Rao did not say anything on this. After that, during the UPA government in 2012, the issue of the new Parliament building came up again. Its historical evidence exists in the form of documents. On July 13, 2012, the then Speaker Meira Kumar wrote a letter to the Urban Development Ministry for the construction of the new Parliament.

The construction of the Old Parliament House began in 1921 and proceedings began in 1927. After completing nearly 100 years, it has now been declared a Heritage Grade One building. Due to aging and the use of Parliament House, signs of crisis have started appearing in many places for decades. But over time, this dream project of UPA started pricking in his eyes because times had changed.

However, when opponents of the new Parliament building failed to stop its construction, they started a fresh controversy. The controversy escalated when Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the Ashoka Pillar at the top of the Parliament House. While several opposition parties objected to the Lion being aggressive, some objected to why the Prime Minister inaugurated it.

However, these controversies did not have any effect on the construction of the Parliament House, so a new controversy was created regarding its inauguration. The opposition wanted the new Parliament building to be inaugurated by the President. But the work of inauguration came from PM Narendra Modi. Overall, it would not be wrong to say that the construction of the new Parliament building is difficult and has been done by breaking the walls of disputes.

However, amidst all this, it is also very important to understand why the construction of the new Parliament building was needed. In fact, in 2026, there is a new delimitation of Lok Sabha seats. Article 81 of the Constitution also had a rule to delimit seats after every census according to the current population, but this has not happened after 1971.

Now that the new Parliament is ready, we should also know how different and modern the new Parliament is from the old Parliament? The old Parliament building is circular in shape, while the new Parliament is built in rectangular shape. The old Parliament building was built in 47,500 square meters, while the new Parliament building is in an area of 64,500 square meters. The Lok Sabha hall of the old building has a seating arrangement of 552 members, but the new Lok Sabha hall will have a seating capacity of 888 Lok Sabha members. The Rajya Sabha hall of the old building has a seating capacity of 245 members, but the new Rajya Sabha hall will have a seating capacity of 384 members. The new Parliament building will also have a seating capacity of 1224 members.

The foundation of the old building was laid on 12 February 1931 during the British era. It was built for ₹83,00,000. The foundation stone of the new Parliament was laid on December 10, 2020, and has been completed at a cost of around Rs 900,00,00,000. It took 6 years to build the old Parliament building, but the new Parliament was built in 2 years and 4 months. Apart from these things, there is more to the new Parliament like there was an emergency exit in the old Parliament, but there are two emergency exits in the new Parliament. The theme of the Lok Sabha Chamber of Parliament has been built on the theme of the national bird Peacock, while the Rajya Sabha Chamber has been built on the theme of the national flower lotus.

Overall, the new Parliament building is a symbol of a growing India in the 21st century, built by breaking the walls of difficulties.

05/05/2023

The village Castellfollit de La Roca, in Spain, is built on a basaltic cliff more than 50 m (160 feet) high and spreads about 1 kilometres long. The town has been inhabited for over 1000 years and the town’s narrow streets still carry the characteristics of its medieval origin.

01/05/2023

On March 14, 2023, Minister of State for Finance Bhagwat Kishan Rao Karat gave a big information in Parliament. He said in the Rajya Sabha that the Reserve Bank of India has approved rupee trading with 18 countries i.e. out of 197 countries of the world, India will trade in rupees with 18 countries in exchange for dollars. But you will also have this question in your mind that what will happen by trading in rupees? If India starts trading in rupees, what will it change? Right now the price of $1 is ₹82, so will trading in rupees make $1 equal to ₹1? The answer is, nothing like this will happen at the moment. But anything can happen in the future and it has happened in the past when the dollar and the rupee were competing with each other.

Before we tell you what will change by trading in rupees, let us understand how the dollar became the world's most powerful currency and how the rupee lagged behind the dollar? Until the nineteenth century, there was neither the dollar nor the rupee in the world. Most parts of the world were ruled by the British, so the British currency pound ruled the world. In the early 20th century, the dollar began to move rapidly. During this time, the British weakened their grip all over the world including India and India's rupee also gradually started getting stronger. In the early years of the twentieth century, the rupee used to be the currency of countries like Qatar, Uganda, Oman, Kuwait, Bahrain, Kenya, Mauritius. Bangladesh and Pakistan were part of India, so there was a trend of rupee here too. It had good acceptance all over the world.

Until the nineteenth century, both the dollar and the rupee traded mostly in silver coins. The dollar was first printed on paper in 1914, a year after the Federal Reserve Act came into force in the US in 1913. Similarly, during the First World War, when there was a shortage of silver, the British faced the problem of currency and for the first time the ₹ 1 note has been printed on paper. This year, 1917 and the date was November 30, i.e. only 3 years after the dollar, rupee notes started to be printed. India was ruled by the British, so the rupee could not get the importance that the dollar got.

From 1915 to 1947, the United States was growing rapidly. That was America's Golden Period. Taking advantage of this, the US signed the Bretton Woods Agreement in 1944 and declared the dollar internationalized. This is where the rupee fell for the first time and the dollar started moving forward. What happened was that in 1944 there were major reversals in the world. During the Second World War, 44 countries met. During this meeting, all 44 countries decided to link their currency to the US dollar. The question in your mind is why America? Because there were other countries at that time, then why did everyone choose America? In fact, America was the strongest country among the 44-nation group of allies and taking advantage of this strength, America made the dollar an international currency.

International trade in dollars had already started before India's independence, despite this, when India became independent in 1947, there was not much difference between the US dollar and the Indian rupee. The price of one US dollar was Rs 4.16, while today one US dollar is more than ₹ 82. However, the rupee strengthened against the dollar till 1982 and for the first time in 1983, the rupee reached double digits against the dollar and the price of $ 1 rose to ₹ 10.10. After this, during the last 40 years, the rupee kept falling, governments came and went, but no government thought how to make the rupee as strong as the dollar. That was the period of independence when the rupee had reached the neck of the dollar. Now once again an attempt is being made to achieve the same position and India is trying to trade with the countries of the world in rupees instead of dollars.

Now let's return to today's basic question, how will the rupee be traded and how will it benefit India? So far, India has been trading in dollars with countries of the world. If the Government of India or any businessman of India buys any goods from any country, then he pays it in dollars. Let's understand this with an example that if we have to buy an item from Sri Lanka and the price of that item is $ 10, and then we have to pay about ₹ 820 to the US bank first. The American bank will give us US dollars in return. We will give that dollar to the Businessman of Sri Lanka. After this, because the dollar does not work in Sri Lanka, the currency there is something else, then the businessman there will deposit dollars in the American bank and in return take Sri Lankan currency. That is, business in the world will be in dollars and America will also earn money.

In the year 2022, India started action to end the dollar secret. Last year, on July 11, 2022, the Reserve Bank of India approved trading with other countries in rupees for the first time.
Since then, trade in rupees has been approved from 18 countries. As many as 35 countries are involved in the process and around 64 countries have shown interest.

Now that it has been decided that these countries will do business in rupees, the next question is how will India benefit from this? The first big advantage will be that India will not need dollars for trade. You must have heard many times that if the foreign exchange reserves i.e. dollars are decreasing in the country, then this cycle of less and more will end. The second big advantage will be that many times countries like America impose sanctions on other countries. Impose a ban. In such a situation, it is not possible to trade with that country because trade is in dollars. Now if the trade is not in dollars, then the US ban will not have any effect. The third advantage will be that what will be the price of the rupee, it will not be decided by the dollar. The fourth advantage will be that when we buy something from someone, it will be cheaper than the dollar. Such as. We got cheaper oil by buying oil in rupees from it. The fifth advantage will be that the value of Indian currency will increase in the world. That is, doing business in rupees has only benefits to India.

But now let's come to the big question that is on your mind. The question is, is it easy to trade in rupees? The answer is no, it's not that simple. Why isn't it easy? For example, India and Russia have started trading in rupees. India has bought a lot of oil from Russia. In return, India gave money to Russia, a lot of Indian rupees were deposited in Russian banks, but if the Indian rupee does not work in most countries of the world, then what will Russia do with the Indian rupee? That is, it is good to say that there is a trade in rupees, but trading in rupees is not so easy. It is also not that India is the only country that is trying to make the rupee an international currency and most countries of the world trade in rupees. In the 70s, the Japanese currency had overtaken the dollar, despite this; no one could surpass the US dollar.

China started trying to trade in its currency only in 2009 and 2011. But so far he has been able to do only 2% of the traders in his currency. Like China, India is also trying, but the journey is still very long. The good thing is that so far 50 special Vostro accounts have been opened in banks in India with 18 countries with which rupee trade has been approved. A special Vostro account is an account that domestic banks keep in their domestic currency for foreign banks. These accounts are used to provide international banking services in domestic currency to foreign banks in India.

This effort of India may seem small right now, but in the coming years, India will benefit greatly from it. The Indian rupee will strengthen against the dollar and the value of the rupee in the world will increase. Overall, you can say that in the 20th century, the rupee lagged behind the dollar. They are trying to shine it once again. If the rupee shines, India's fortunes will also shine.

26/04/2023

The longest war of the 21st century, which is being fought between the world's second most powerful army and the world's 15th powerful army, the war in which 225 billion dollars have been lost so far, the war that has caused a recession all over the world. The war in which and are face to face, but behind the scenes, this war is being fought by America and Russia. It has been 1 year since the most dangerous war of the 21st century, but neither the missile has stopped falling nor the speed of the fighter jet is decreasing. The sound of bomb blasts has not diminished, nor are the attacks from tanks decreasing. Everyday Russia and Ukraine are attacking each other in the same way as it started in February 2022.

Despite this, neither the military superpower Russia has won, nor has Ukraine, which is in the war on the support of the US, has given up. We will tell you the present past and future of this war, which you can understand from five big questions. The first question is, why has Russia not been able to defeat Ukraine so far? Second, what is the benefit of the US in the Russia-Ukraine war? The third question is that what was the trick to implicate India in the Russia-Ukraine war? The fourth question is what is the real reason for the Russia-Ukraine war? The fifth and final question is how long will the Russia-Ukraine war last? We will tell you the answers to these five questions in detail. We will tell you the answers to these five questions in detail.

Now let's come to the first question and understand why Russia has not been able to defeat Ukraine in the Ukraine and Russia war that started on 24 February 2022? Ukraine is much weaker than . So, the question in everyone's mind is why is the war taking so long? Why can't Russia beat Ukraine? The biggest reason for this is . In fact, when the Ukraine-Russia war started, everyone had this idea. Ukraine will not be able to last more than 10-15 days, its weapons will be exhausted, it will accept Russia's conditions and will lay down arms. Russian President Putin would have felt the same. Putin had also made it clear that if any country in the world supports Ukraine, it will be an enemy of Russia.

Putin may have believed in his threats, but there was something else going on in America's mind. At first, the US had said that if Russia attacked Ukraine, the US and NATO would take action, but after Russia's threats, the US changed the plan. And NATO Direct did not come forward to help. Putin thought that this war would be the Russia’s weapon versus Ukraine’s weapon, but America made it Russia's weapon versus America's weapon and all this happened in a very planned way. In the early days of the war, Ukraine was responding to Russia's attacks, and it was also seen that it was difficult for Ukraine to face Russia, but gradually the US and its allies started supplying weapons to Ukraine, which laid the foundation for prolonging this entire war.

Four NATO countries, including the US, are giving the most weapons to Ukraine to fight Russia. These countries are America, Germany, Britain and France. From February 24, 2022, to January 2023, the United States has provided nearly $48 billion dollars in aid to Ukraine alone. France has also given Ukraine $569 million so far. By the end of 2022, the United States and NATO have given Ukraine $108 billion in aid and weapons. Russia, on the other hand, spent $83 billion in the Ukraine war until 2022. By February 2023, it has increased to $105 billion. You can guess how big this amount is in such a way that India's neighboring country Pakistan has less than three billion dollars of foreign exchange reserves and is begging the IMF for just one billion dollars. So, you must have understood that this war is not just between Russia and weak Ukraine, but America and its allies are also fighting in hiding in it. So, neither Russia is winning, nor the US is allowing Ukraine to lose.

Now let's talk about the second question, what is the benefit of America in the Russia-Ukraine war? Why is the U.S. shedding so many billions of dollars into this war? Except for former US President Donald Trump, every President of America attacks some country, fights a war. If this did not happen during President Trump's era, the demand for American weapons did not increase. If demand did not increase, the possibility of recession in America’s defense sector increased. In 2021, there was a slight decline in arms production in the US, which was equivalent to about 0.9%. Many experts claim that the US fueled the Ukraine and Russia war to increase the production of weapons. As a result, by the end of 2021, the supply of American weapons increased by 1.9 percent. During the Russia-Ukraine war in 2022, the US sent weapons to Ukraine. In 2021, the US exported weapons worth $ 103 billion, which increased to $ 153 billion in 2022. There is a psychology of war, those who fight war buy weapons, those who do not fight also buy weapons out of fear. The US is the world's largest arms supplier. In such a situation, America is not only destroying its old weapons in the Ukraine war, but is also creating new customers.

Now the third question was what was the trick to implicate India in the Russia-Ukraine war? After the attack on Ukraine, the US imposed many types of sanctions on Russia. The effect was that inflation increased worldwide and the biggest impact was on petroleum products. It also had an impact on India and due to the expensive petrol and diesel, inflation increased in India. It was not so easy for India because India's economy could be shaken due to oil being expensive. India's growth could have suffered a setback. This was a difficult time when India had to suck between America and Russia. This was a badly trapped situation for India. To correct these circumstances, India clearly told the US that it would only look after the interest of its country. America also understands that it needs India to counter China. And Russia has been fulfilling India's strategy since the US was also against India. America understood this. The effect was that the US did not put any kind of pressure on India for a relationship with Russia. It was a win-win situation for India and India took full advantage of it. In 2022, India bought oil from Russia. That too at cheaper prices than before. The advantage of buying oil from Russia was that India saved about Rs 35,000 crore in 2022. That is, with the diplomacy of Prime Minister Narendra Modi and External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar, India not only distanced itself from the Russia-Ukraine war but also explained to the world that efforts can be made to establish peace even during the war.

Now come to the fourth question, what is the real reason for the war between Russia and Ukraine? Ukraine's own stubbornness and Russia's own security concerns are behind this war. First let's understand what is Ukraine's stubbornness? The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is an organization of the United States and its allies. NATO was founded in 1949. Now there were 12 countries, now there are 31 countries. There is an agreement between 31 countries that if any of these is attacked by an outsider, then all 31 countries will wage war against that country. Ukraine wants to join NATO, so that it will not be threatened by a big country like Russia, but Russia opposes it. Russia says NATO should not expand. At least the country adjacent to its border should not be included in NATO. Russia fears that if these countries bordering it join NATO, it will endanger Russia's security. Ukraine acts as a buffer zone between Russia and NATO countries. Belarus currently has a Russian-backed government, but Poland, Slovakia, Hungary and Romania, bordering Ukraine, are part of NATO. NATO missiles are also deployed in these countries. Now if Ukraine also joins the NATO, then missiles and weapons are deployed on the border of Russia. This is a major threat to Russia. But without understanding Russia's concerns, Ukraine stuck to its insistence on joining the NATO. Therefore, Russian President Putin invaded Ukraine and on 24 February 2022, he named it the military operation against Ukraine. The question in your mind will be that Putin attacked Ukraine, but what was he achieved? Putin occupied both Dansk and Luhansk in Ukraine's Donbass region. He appointed his own administrator. Now this is the area that will distance Ukraine from Russia. From here, it will be easier for Russia to target the whole of Ukraine and reduce Russia's security concerns.

Now the fifth and last question is how long will the Russia-Ukraine war last? There is no clear answer to this because neither Russian President nor Ukrainian President is ready to bow down. When will war end? It all depends on the US and NATO. When they stop supplying weapons to Ukraine, this war will end because this Ukraine cannot face Russia for long on its own.

22/04/2023

This was the year 2017. It has been more than two years since Narendra Modi's government was formed in Delhi. In these two-and-a-half years, the country had seen two railway ministers. But neither the condition of the railways was improving, nor was there any brake on the train accidents. Apart from preventing these accidents, the government wanted to create a solid future plan for the railways that would change the experience of rail passengers in India. In view of these challenges, in early 2017, Prime Minister called a meeting of the minister and top railway officials in Delhi. In the meeting of these officers, PM Narendra Modi said, "We have to make world class trains. We have to provide comfortable, safe and modern trains to railway passengers. For this, you guys make a plan and tell how it will happen?

After this meeting, different teams of railway officials were formed and they started preparing to see and buy the best trains of and countries. After several weeks of foreign travel, railway officials were waiting for the PM's meeting with a long presentation and a big railway catalog.

While all this was going on, Sudhanshu Mani, general manager of the Integral Coach Factory i.e., ICF, entered. Sudhanshu Mani, who joined the Railways in 1981, had been dreaming of modern railways in India since 1990. Perhaps it was time for them to see modern railways running on Indian tracks. After becoming the General Manager of ICF in 2016, when he came to know that there was talk of modernization of railways in the country, he told his team of young engineers, "I want to design modern trains, will you guys support me?" All the engineers were very happy to hear this. Everyone supported him but there were some doubts too. "Where will the money for research and development come from? Will we get permission for this? Who will get approval from the Railway Ministry? On this, Sudhanshu Mani said, "I am your leader. It is my responsibility to get the approval.
Getting clearance from the Railway Board and the Ministry of Railways was a big task in itself. Because there were many obstacles.

Most railway board officials were in favor of buying trains from abroad rather than designing trains in India. Many railway dealers were also engaged in collusion to buy trains from abroad. Therefore, it was more likely that Sudhanshu Mani's proposal would be rejected. That is, the dream was more likely to be broken, but Sudhanshu did not learn to lose before trying. Therefore, instead of sending the proposal directly to the Railway Board, he reached out to the Chairman of the Railway Board. "My team and I want to build an indigenous modern train. Do you think we can do this? To this, the chairman of the board said, "I am sure you and your team can do it." But the board is pulling me back. In response, Sudhanshu Mani said, "You are the chairman, buy what you want to buy from abroad." Allow me to make only two trains and I will make an indigenous train in one-third of what you spend on buying a foreign train. Yet the Chairman of the Railway Board was not ready for this.

After this, Sudhanshu Mani made a last attempt. "If you don't allow me to build an indigenous train, I will fall at your feet and not leave your leg until you allow me to do so," he said. Sudhanshu Mani then went to the ICF office in Chennai. He called his team and said, 'I have come with permission, now let's move on.' Everyone was happy to hear this. But some people had questions in their minds. Some engineers asked if we have the capability to do this, we can build a new modern train, but if we fail, then there is a project worth ₹ 200,00,00,000? Who will take responsibility for the failure? On this, Sudhanshu Mani said, "If we succeed in making this magnificent train, then the credit will go to you people. But if I fail, the responsibility will be mine. So don't worry about it and get back to work. On the one hand, preparations were underway to build the first indigenous modern train in ICF. On the other hand, a team of railway officials arrived in Delhi to meet PM Modi preparing to buy foreign coaches.

PM Narendra Modi listened to the entire talk of railway officials. He said that not foreign trains, make indigenous trains, trains should be such that Indian engineers can make and run at a high speed on India's tracks. Railway officials were shocked to hear the PM's words. They didn't know what to do now. In Chennai, ICF general manager Sudhanshu Mani felt that his dream of building a modern train was about to come true. But right now, there is a lot of twist and turn. The rest were there. Sudhanshu Mani formed a team of engineers. Consultants were hired, the layout work of the entire project started. Engineers were given the goal of working fast.

But then a question arose that could have ended the entire project. The engineer's team asked their GM Sudhanshu Mani, "April 2017 is going on right now." It takes at least 36 to 42 months to design a modern train. You will retire in December 2018. We can't have just a year and a half to design the train so quickly. What if another leader comes in your place and stops everything in between? Why are you taking this risk? This question was both big and disturbing. This question once made it seem that Sudhanshu Mani would pull his feet back, but Sudhanshu Mani said, "That's right, but I also have a solution." We may not have the same work infrastructure as Europe, we don't have a japanese engineer's brain, but we are Indians. We know how to work like donkeys. We can do that, so we will work like donkeys. We will work 24 hours a day. If we do this, the train will be ready before December 2018.

The target was December 2018 and this train was named Train 18 and then the work started at lightning speed. But by then the whole world had come to know that modern trend design was happening in India. The pressure was too high. What happens if you fail somewhere? For the first time in India, modern trains were being designed. Indian engineers did not have experience in interior design. For this, consultants were hired from abroad. But care was taken that the intellectual property and design rights remained with India. It was difficult to make and meet in India in modern coaches and better seating arrangements. The time was also very short, so it was decided to import 20% of the material related to the seating from outside. By October 2018, after working tirelessly for one and a half years, the trains were ready. Several rounds of security checks were conducted before the train derailed. On 15 February 2019, India's first modern train was launched, named Vande Bharat. Prime Minister Narendra Modi flagged off the train from Delhi to Varanasi.

This occasion was very special for ICF and its GM Sudhanshu Mani. One of his dreams was being fulfilled. By the way, this dream was not only his but 140,00,00,000 Indians who wanted to see modern trains in India. But the story of Vande Bharat is not just that.

The story of the white color of this train is also very interesting. By the way, trains in India are always kept in such a color that they do not look dirty because the problem of dust and soil is very high in India. Special care was taken in trains from Rajdhani Express to Shatabdi that the train should be of such a color that dirt is not detected. But it was decided to keep Vande Bharat completely white. Another engineer associated with the project had said, "We have painted it like a luxury car and not like a train. The last layer is the transparent layer that removes the dust. The specialty of this train is that it does not have a separate engine compartment. This was the first experiment of its kind in India. Like the bullet train, it also has inbuilt. Vande Bharat can catch a speed of 100 kilometers in just 52 seconds, which is better than the bullet train. Vande Bharat. More comfortable than the European train.

The most important thing is that a budget of ₹ 100,00,00,00,000 was received to build a Train 18, which our engineers completed in just ₹ 97,00,00,000. At the same time, if this train is purchased from abroad, then it would have cost ₹ 200,00,00,000.

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28/05/2023

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