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03/08/2023

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02/09/2019

How To Start Rabbit Farming As Business Plan In India?...

Are you interested in starting a rabbit farm? Yes, then today I am here with all the information about rabbit farming and how to start a rabbit farming as a business plan to earn big profit. In this article, you will also learn how to set up a commercial rabbit farm for business, best suitable rabbits breeds along with the advantages of farming rabbits.

In the last, I will also show you a video from which, you can learn more about the rabbit farming business plan.

Rabbit are mainly raised for the making profit by selling their meat and also raise as a lovely pet. Fur is also obtained as an important byproduct. Rabbit farming is done from long time ago all over the world. And if you want to start an animal farming business and have not much capital as well space than this small mammals; rabbit are the best for farming or raising them as the business plan. Also, in all type of climatic condition, you can raise them and also earn much profit by raising them. So, raising rabbits is really enjoyable and profitable business.

This business does not require much capital as well space as like other cattle farming. And, within a short period, you can achieve great profit with this. There are two methods of raising rabbits, both of them requires shelter to give protection from the predators and other elements. A good storage of fodders is also required for starting rabbits farm. Anyone can start this business with having only a few rabbits only.

Importance of Rabbit Farming

The Rabbit Farming Business has the great importance as all like other livestock which can be started with low investment, and also less space. This is also a good source of income for many unemployed peoples. Rabbits produce a high-quality woolen can be mixed up with other fine fibers for preparing quality woolen cloths, which are in trending demand. Presently, the angora rabbits are mainly raised to get their high-quality fur.

This farming business is affordable to all. Anyone can start this business plan with having few rabbits only. Since rabbits are wonderful breeders so your farm will increase up to commercial scale in short period only. A female rabbit can give birth up to 8 kits in one month. Think, how fast your business will grow up. Rabbits do not require any specific fodder for them. You can feed them easily with the green available in your surroundings and also the vegetable waste.

Rabbit meat has great demand in the market because of high protein content and less fat content in comparison to other meats.

Why Should I Start A Rabit Farm?

Here below are the reason, why to start a Rabbit farm rather than going for any other livestock farming.

Highly Prolific in Nature: Rabbits have the high productive capacity. Since a good rabbit female is capable of producing more than 25 young ones in a year.
Less Space And Low-Cost Business: One can also start this business at small scale business as a part-time in the backyard garden by using the kitchen waste as the fodder.

No Need of Qualification: Anyone can start this business such as a farmer, a housewife, a labor, etc and also, it does not require too much space and capital to start a rabbit farm.
Instant Income: By raising rabbits, you will able to good returns in around 6 months after establishing of the farm.
White Meat: The meat from rabbit has great demand in the market as it is classified as the white meat because it is full of poly-unsaturated fatty acids.
Big Wool Producers: Rabbits are also the best wool producer on the basis of wool produce per kilograms of body weight because rabbit needs about 30 % low digestible energy for producing wool in compared to sheeps.
Great Market Scopes: Because of instant returns, within a short time period, you can repay all the initial costs.
A big source of Income: Besides meat and wool, you can also get big income by selling kits, pelt, meat and their manure.
Good Manure: The residual feed of rabbit commonly mixed with rabbit manure is best suitable for the Worms compost to yield excellent manure for the agriculture.
High-Quality Wool: The wool obtained from the rabbit is about eight times warmer in comparison to the sheep’s wool. Also, this can be mixed well with sheep wool, silk, rayon, polyester, nylon, and other fibers to obtain high-quality handlooms.
No food Cost: You can feed your rabbits with all available greens also the waste from vegetables, forage, etc. So, there is no cost of fodder for them required.
Take some time and think, is the best to start a new livestock farming rather than going for any other business.

Which Rabbits Breeds, Should I Raise?

Before starting a rabbit farming business plan, it is better to learn which breed of rabbit is better for raising. So, to provide you comfort here below is the list of the top 10 breeds of rabbits, which are suitable best for raising rabbits along with their avg. meat weigh and specification to earn a lot.

Rabbit Breed Average Meat Weight Specification
New Zealand Whites 9 to 14 Pounds Common rabbit breed, most raised, top meat-producing breed
Californian Rabbits 9 to 14 Pounds Hybreed of New Zealand Whites & Chinchilla, popular for producing good quality and blocky meat
The American Chinchilla 10 Pounds Best suitable for raising rabbits, larger than the Chinchilla rabbit
Silver Foxes 12 to 14 Pounds Fancy meat producing rabbit breed, silver body along with black shading
Champagne D Argent – perfect breed for homestead, different colors such as white, chocolate and creme color
Cinnamons Rabbits – Breed of American Chinchilla and New Zealand White, good meat producer breed
Satins rabbits – Good meat-producing breed, available in chocolate, red, blue, black, Siamese, copper, and also otter color
Rex Rabbits 9 to 12 Pounds Good for meat as well for fur, also available in various color
Palomino Rabbits 9 to 12 Pounds Are also good meat producer for commercial purpose
Flemish Giants 20 Pounds Best suitable for raising as business, have larger body skeleton and size
Apart from this, New Zealand Red, Grey Giant, Soviet Chinchilla, White Giant, Flemish Giant, Dutch, are also some high meat producing rabbit breeds, raised by the people for producing meat and fur from them.

Note: For the Business, it is always a good thing to raise a highly productive, more fertile and fast-growing breed of rabbits to obtain more profit from this business. But, select a specific depending on your climate condition also the availability of source.

Rabbits Images

How to Raise Rabbits Profitiablely?

Farming Or Raising Methods In Rabbit Farming

There are two methods for raising the rabbits, first one is the by deep litter system and the 2nd one is by cage system. Both of them, require a good shelter to protect them from the predators. If you have less capital, then you can make a small shelter at your backyard with low investment. Shelter apart from saving predators is also helpful in keeping your rabbits free from the weather conditions, sun, rain, etc

Feeding Your Rabbits

A smart guy, always look for what do rabbits eat and drink? before starting a new rabbit farm. As your is business mainly base on the meat weight. So, a good food for your rabbits always assure a good health and also proper growth of them. Try to provide healthy and high quality, nutritious food in sufficient amount, so that your rabbits can grow healthy and well. Usually, rabbits are capable of consuming all types of legumes, grains and also green fodder such as Agatha, Desmanthus, Lucerne, along with waste from kitchen including all types of vegetable waste.

Also, feeding them by sufficient amount is also beneficial in growing fast and also gaining more weight. So, for one kg of rabbit body weight, 40 gm of green food and 40 gm of concentrate food is enough for a day. Your food should have well nutritious content and also should have good quality.

Along with feeding concentrated food, it is also essential to provide clean and fresh water in sufficient amount, on the basis of their demand.

Breeding of Your Rabbits

As your business is also depended on the reproduction, you should be aware of what age do rabbits start breeding normally??? And also how to breed rabbits successfully? to enhance and increase your business from small scale to commercial scale.

Usually, At the age of 6 months, rabbits become ready for breeding. To obtain a good quality of young rabbits, it is good to use, a male rabbit which is one year older. Also, use only and only healthy rabbits which have proper body weight and age for the breeding.

Also, extra care of the healthy breeding male rabbit and the pregnant rabbits is to be taken.

Rabbit | Care & Management Tips

Taking care and managing your rabbits can leads better production in your business. However, there are fewer diseases observed in the rabbit farming. Diseases in rabbits can cause less meat production, also the fur. And also, there are more chances of spreading an infection to all over your farm. So, necessary steps should be taken as soon as a disease observed in you rabbit farming business.

Rabbit Diseases

Rabbit Calicivirus, Myxomatosis, Uterine Tumours, Hairballs (Trichobezoars), Snuffles (Pasteurellosis), Overgrown Teeth, Calicivirus (Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus) are some common disease, of which your rabbits can be infected. Learn symptoms and causes of all these mentioned. So, take care of your rabbits regularly and manage them as well.

Marketing Your Products

Hence, the final thing is to pay attention in this business farming. As we know that, rabbit meat is categorized as a white meat, there is a great demand for rabbit meat in the market. Eating rabbit meat is also beneficial to us because of low fatty acids content and high protein content present in it.

But the only problem is the market available to you. There are many organization; both, govt. as well also Non-govt., encouraging this business. First of all, try to your local market. But, you are unable to meet a good profit by selling your products in the local market, then is advised to go for exporting products in the international markets.

Bottom Line

Dear Friends, Raising Rabbits as a business plan is really a fun and also profitable is done with little practical base information. So, have a visit to your nearest rabbit farm, learn the basics and start a new rabbit farming business, if you are really looking for starting a business with low input like the capital, space, care, and management, etc.

However, a big profit can be earned through rabbit farming by raising a high quality, fertile and fast-growing rabbit breed.

23/08/2019

Spirulina Farming: A Cheaper, High yielding and Healthier choice of farming....

Have you ever heard of Spirulina Farming? If the answer is YES! Then did you know 10grams of Spirulina paste has the same quantity of nutrients as in 1kilograms of Spinach or Carrots? Spirulina paste is a healthy choice.

Here I will tell you, how you can construct it? What are the types of equipment required to build it up? And what is the process of growing Spirulina? And also some precious information about it, such as

spirulina cultivation equipments
spirulina cultivation ppt
agrifarming spirulina
how is spirulina harvested
spirulina cultivation problems
how to prepare spirulina
mass cultivation of spirulina
spirulina cultivation project report
Spirulina Farming:

Spirulina is associated with aquatic micro-organism usually known as algae, though it is more like a bacteria. It is used as a food supplement to fight deficiency.

It is said that 1 gram of Spirulina is as healthier as 100 grams of carrot or spinach. Spirulina has a high amount of protein content, with 60-70% of its dry weight consisting of a balanced mixture of numerous essential amino acids.

Further, it is highly riches in carotene, Vitamin B12, and many other nutrients. It is very easy to digest as Spirulina has no cell membrane.

Spirulina serving improves the physical growth, immunity and it also develops thinking ability. Studies show that, it is highly effective in fighting HIV AIDS, arsenic poisoning etc.

It is often consumed directly as a paste. This is used in pharmaceutical and combined with numerous food products like rice, milk product, energy bars, candy, noodles, etc.

Suitable conditions for Spirulina Farming:

It grows in specific minerals solution, with proper chemical balance and pH varies from 8 to 11.
Minimum Temperature required is for its growth is 17 degrees while, the most effective temperature ranges between 32 to 37 degrees.
A substantial amount of sunlight is required for its effective growth.
Equipments required growing Spirulina:

The instrumentation required to grow Spirulina are simply available anywhere. If you want to make the process easier, you can buy growing kits for Spirulina which has all the essentials required to grow Spirulina. Otherwise, you can collect these simple items on your own.

Tank:
Spirulina can be grown in any container; you may use large jars, pool or an aquarium tank depending upon the quantity you require to grow. As Spirulina requires sunrays to grow, so it is suggestible to keep your container transparent.

Culture:
Spirulina solely desires water and nutrients to grow. It needs water that is alkaline in nature with pH ranging 8 to 11, so that means you need not use high-quality water.

You’ll be able to use water from a creek, salt water, de-chlorinated water or rainwater. As long as your water isn’t heavily impure with significant metals or different toxins, it ought to work fine.

Spirulina Starter Culture:
You can also take a portion of Spirulina culture from somewhere to grow it on your own. Spirulina Starter culture can now bought through online stores or through local health food stores. It generally comes in a bottle with live Spirulina in water.

Stirring Device:
Spirulina has to be stirred to maximize the reach of light in the complete growing culture. This can also be done with a long spoon or with a stick or by installing a pump with a bubbler.

Harvest instrumentation:
You will require some screen with a really fine mesh of about 50 microns in diameter or less, alternatively, natural silk cloth or some aquarium nets can be used. This is often used to strain the Spirulina out of the water. An oversized cup is additionally handy to scoop the water into the mesh.

What is the process of growing Spirulina?
Set Up Your Tank and Starter Medium:

Whatever may be the container you are using, be it pool or any jar, make sure that it is transparent so that required amount of sunlight can fall on it. Indoors, you can place it in front of a window otherwise you have to use lights on top of it. Outside, try and position it in a bright space that’s out of the direct sun.

Check your pH:
The pH of your starter medium ought to be from 8 to 11. Litmus paper is the instrument used to measure the pH value. It is often found at the most pharmacies or natural food stores. Dip the paper into your container for a couple of seconds.

Once the color on the paper has modified, compare it with the guide on the box to find out the pH value. If the pH continues to be too low, add sodium bicarbonate. If it’s too high, add a touch of vinegar.

Add Your Spirulina Culture:
Pour your Spirulina culture in starter medium and make sure to stir it gently. Check that your starter medium and Spirulina culture has identical temperature. This helps forestall the Spirulina from going into shock at an excessive amount of temperature distinction.

Water Your Spirulina:
Water will be evaporated as the time passes, therefore you will require keeping it at the identical quantity you started with. Otherwise, your pH or nutrients will be off- balance.

It’s useful to create a mark on the side of your container once your beginning culture is all done so you can see your initial quantity. Then slowly keep adding water if you ever see it drop.

Keep Your Spirulina warm:
Spirulina naturally belongs from tropical lakes, therefore it prefers heat water. It will grow in temperatures from 13 to 38 degree Celsius; however, the best temperature is from 32 to 37 degree Celsius.

Your Spirulina can grow at colder temperatures, it will simply be slower. If you wish to maximize the expansion, think about putting in a heater in your water. Simply check that it doesn’t cross 40 degrees Celsius, as this can begin to kill the Spirulina.

Enlarge Your Culture if required:
You can repeat the above steps to create your culture larger. When creating your initial culture, wait for a minimum of three days for the Spirulina to grow and establish a decent population.

You will be able to see the culture changing into greener because of the Spirulina replicates. You can mix a new batch of your starter medium to your main Spirulina culture. You can try this few times if required till your jar is full.

Harvest Your Spirulina:
As Spirulina grows, the pH of the complete culture can rise. This is the reason that it is safe to eat Spirulina, as no alternative organisms can truly live in such alkaline conditions. Make sure your Spirulina is safe before harvesting it, by waiting till the pH of your culture has reached value of 10 or higher.
After concerning 3 to 6 weeks of growth, your Spirulina will be all set to harvest. Harvesting is easy, you just need to scoop some of the culture water out and make it run through the net or mesh cloth.

The Spirulina will be collected on the net. Gently squeeze out any excess liquid to avoid intense alkaline water. Ultimately, you will have the green paste.

Feed Your Spirulina:
Each time you harvest Spirulina, you will have to refill the nutrients in your main culture. For instance, if you’re taking out one tablespoon of Spirulina, you’ll add one tablespoon of a nutrient mixture into to the culture.

Is Spirulina Farming Profitable?

The clear answer is YES! Spirulina Farming is Profitable, As it requires very low investment and the market price of Spirulina paste is quite good i.e. approximately INR 1000 per kilograms due to its richness in vitamins and nutrients, and medicinal and therapeutically values.

To set up a Spirulina farm in 1 acres of land, it requires an investment of approximately 2lakhs and the yield will be of more than 1lakh monthly.

To set up a live example, 15 women in Madurai, India are running a Spirulina farm which is having a facility of 40 tanks. They work together and produce about 150kilograms of Spirulina each month.

Conclusion:

Growing Spirulina is very easy task and not even requires much investment, Only thing that will be invested is your time. Spirulina is a healthy choice and has significance in making up of pills. It is high source of Vitamins. So, Spirulina farming is a healthy as well as cheaper choice of farming for you.

18/08/2019

Cauliflower Farming (Ghobi) | Guide & Information.....

Little about Cauliflower

After Potatoes and onions, Cauliflower is the most consumed vegetable throughout the globe on the daily basis. In general, it is also known as Ghobi, Gobi, etc in India. It is the most important commercial vegetable crop that has always demand in the market throughout the year. And, one can easily good income from it with little care and initial investment. So, it is a better idea to grow Cauliflower vegetables instead of going for any other vegetable farming.

Basically, it is a cruciferous edible flower. The edible part of the cauliflower is known as ‘Curd’ surrounded by few leaves narrower than that of cabbage. The surrounding of the curd is ribbed and coarse green leaves which protect it from the sunlight for preventing it from the development of chlorophyll in it. And, the cauliflower flower is attached to a central stalk.



It is mainly grown from its seeds. The white portion of this vegetable flower is used for the culinary purpose in the kitchen. Its stalk, surrounding thick, and its green leaves are used in the vegetable broth. They can be also used as a livestock fodder to feed the milking dairy animals or to goat, sheep, etc.

The Scientific name of Cauliflower is “Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L”. And, it belongs to the family “Brassicaceae (Cruciferae)”. And often overshadowed by its own green cousin named broccoli.

They can be grown as two seasonal crops. They can be grown as an Early season type crop as well as Late seasonal crop. However, late seasonal cauliflowers are grown for a longer time period as compared to the Early seasonal crop type.

These wonderful vegetable flowers, cauliflowers can be also grown in the greenhouse and also in the poly houses.

Why is it most consumed by people throughout the world?

It is proven that regular consumptions of this vegetable flower can reduce the risk of certain cancer up to some extent. It is also beneficial for the pregnant women and also aids in weight loss and weight management. Beside this, it also promotes the healthy immune system via lowering the blood cholesterol levels and detoxifies the body system. It is also full of Calcium and Vitamin K content besides being the rich in all essentially required minerals and vitamins.

Local Names of Cauliflower Throughout the World (In Different Languages)

Cauliflower (English), 甘蓝 (Chinese), Phool gobhi (Hindi), Bloemkool (Dutch), Phool/Gobi (Urdu), Coliflor ( Catalan), карфиол (Macedonian), цэцэгт байцаа (Mongolian), cvjetača / Karfiol (Bosnian), Blumenkohl (German), Blomkool (Afrikaans), Kalafior (Polish), càl-Colaig (Scottish), dòk gà-làm (Thai), lulelakër (Albanian), Koliplor (Cebuano), काउली/Kauli (Nepali), Kubis Bunga (Malay), Κουνουπίδι(Greek), 花椰菜 (Taiwanese), huā cài (Mandarin), 꽃양배추(Korean), a couve-flor (Portuguese), Gulkaram (Uzbek), Cavolfiore (Italian), súp lơ or bông cải (Vietnamese), Lillkapsas(Estonian), Cóilis (Irish), Pastarda (Maltese), карфиол (Serbian), gàw-bì-pán (Burmese), Ziedkāposts (Latvian), цветно зеле (Bulgarian), conopidă (Romanian), القرنبيط (Arabic), Kuliplor (Filipino), Blomkål (Norwegian), Chou Fleur (French), මල්ගෝවා (Sinhalese), korifurawā (Japanese), ផ្កាខាត់ណា (Cambodian), Karnabahar (Turkish), капуста (Russian), Květák (Czech), Karfiol (Hungarian), blomkål (Swedish), Gol Kalam (Persian), Ukholifulawa (Zulu), Qvavilovani Kombosto (Georgian), cvetača (Slovenian), blomkål (Danish), etc

Cauliflower Varieties (Cauliflower Cultivar)

There are numbers of improved varieties of Cauliflower, developed for growing in different climate conditions in different geological regions. So, it is a better idea to learn the best suitable cultivar of cauliflower vegetables and grow the best one to obtain high yield as the production of vegetable.

White Cauliflower Varieties

The curd, the edible part of the vegetable flower or the head of flower buds is white of such kind of varieties. It grows and enlarged and develops into a large white curd, which should be harvested before it starts to open.



Actually, cauliflower curd is pure white, appearing as the single growth without the development of side shoots. And in the market, numbers of white varieties are easily available in the market throughout the world. The flower vegetable includes a “White Cloud,”. In fact, it is especially tolerant of the early spring or of the fall frosts, and “Early White Hybrid,” and are known for attaining quick maturity.

Orange Cauliflower Varieties

In additions to the common cultivar, white cauliflower, there is also great market demand for the orange cauliflowers.

Like the white cultivar, such types of varieties are specially grown to obtain “Cheddar” develop bright orange curds. In fact, these plants are made so that they produce increased amounts of the orange pigment beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A.

The “Cheddar” cultivar has the similar cultural requirements as to those of white cauliflower varieties. Although, is curds tends to hold especially well on the plant without producing flowers at harvest time by allowing to stagger the harvest rather than picking all of the curds at a single time. When cooked, the curds of such kind of cauliflower variety develops into a brighter, deeper orange color.

Other Varieties

There are many other varieties of cauliflower other than the white and orange cultivar. Such as “Graffiti” and “Purple Head” variety produce striking violet-purple heads or curds. And, the curs are tender having a very mild flavor, best suitable for cooking as well as colorful accents in the salad. “Graffiti”, when cooked, curds retain their original purple color, while those from the “Purple Head” turn into green color.

Cauliflower romanesco, also known as Roman cauliflower, is another such type unusual variety of this flower vegetables. Its curds are a lime green in color, with several pointed pinnacles at the head surface. These curds heads tend to be little smaller than the standard cauliflower curds. Plants are less vigorous than remaining other varieties. It produces heads or curds with a mild, nutty taste reminiscent of broccoli.

The following is the list of top famous hybrid cultivars of Cauliflower, which are popular throughout the globe for their high yielding capacity.

Flame Star (F1) Cauliflower Seed
Mardi Organic (F1) Cauliflower
Graffiti (F1) Cauliflower Seed
Snow Crown (F1) Cauliflower Seed
Bishop (F1) Cauliflower Seed
Amazing Cauliflower Seed
Denali (F1) Cauliflower Seed
Vitaverde (F1) Cauliflower Seed
Veronica Organic (F1) Cauliflower Seed
Skywalker Organic (F1) Cauliflower Seed
Janvel Organic (F1) Cauliflower
Cheddar (F1) Cauliflower Seed
Veronica (F1) Cauliflower Seed
Punto Verde AKA 26-701 (F1) Cauliflower
Where Do Cauliflowers Grow

To obtain optimum yield as productions with excellent quality of vegetables, it is essential to growing the seedlings on suitable climate conditions in preferred soil requirements. Climate conditions and soil requirement for cauliflower varies from cultivar to cultivar.

Climate Conditions for Cauliflower Farming

Depending on the variety of cauliflower, the climate requirements keep changes for the optimum curds production. However, Cauliflower vegetables grow well in a cool and moist cool climate conditions. They are able to sustain to very low temperatures and also for hot climatic conditions. But, do not that extremely dry conditions and low humidity climate conditions are not suitable for Cauliflower farming.

A temp. ranging from 12 °C to 22 °C as the optimum temperature is excellent for the healthy seed germination in Cauliflower cultivation. And, high temperatures during the whole growing period lead to poor quality of curds or heads. Whereas low temp may lead to delay in the maturity period and also in the undersized curd.

Soil Requirement for Cauliflower Farming

Cauliflower can grow over a wide variety of soil. However, a soil, rich in humous or organic matter content with good water holding capacity and a good water drainage is best suitable for growing cauliflowers.

Sandy and loamy soils are advised for the early crops. Whereas for late crops, loam soils and clay soils are recommended. They also thrive their best in a soil having pH ranging from 6.0 to 7.0

For commercial cauliflower cultivation, going for a soil test before growing seeds is a good idea. Do not that this vegetables are very sensitive to the higher acidic value, cultivation on soil having less than 5.5 pH value should be avoided. It should be corrected by applying 5 to 10 quintal per hectare for a successful crop. Whereas a soil pH value more than 7.5 may lead to boron deficiency.

How to Grow Cauliflowers Vegetables

Land Preparation for Cauliflower Farming

To obtain higher yield, proper field preparations should be done very well. So, for the field preparations, deep plowing about 20 cm depth should be given by local tractor or a cultivator.

And, also try to make sure to have about 2 to 3 cross – harrowing. With 2 planking to make the surface smooth. Do not forget to bring the soil into fine tilth stage for better yield.

Organic manures such as Farm Yard Manure should be supplemented at the time of field preparation to correct all kinds of deficiency.

Propagation in Cauliflower Farming

Generally, propagation in cauliflower cultivation is mainly done through seeds.

Try to buy high yielding seeds from well known and genuine source or seed seller.

Seed Rate in Cauliflower Farming

The seed rate in this vegetable farming depends on variety as well as the season of growing. However, for growing as early crop, about 700 gm to 800 gm seeds per hectare are good enough. Whereas for the late crop, about 500 gm per hectare seeds are good enough to healthy seed rate.

Planting in Cauliflower Farming

Seeds should be sown on nursery beds. Seed should be transplanted before 4 weeks of planting seedlings on the main field.

For commercial cultivation, furrow and ridges type layout.

Spacing in Cauliflower Farming

A good spacing in cauliflower farming leads to higher vegetable curd production. However,

For an early crop, the spacing should be 45 cm X 45 cm. Whereas
For a late crop, 60 cm X 60 cm plant spacing should be is maintained.
Sowing Time in Cauliflower Farming

Prepared nursery bed seedlings should be transplanted in suitable growing season. However,

For early crop cultivation, prepared nursery beds should be transplanted from July to August. Whereas,
For late crop cultivation, prepared nursery beds should be transplanted from Sept to October.
Irrigation in Cauliflower Farming

Watering is essential for the healthy growth of curds. So, make sure of proper irrigation facility before plantation.

Cauliflower is a shallow-rooted vegetable crop, & its roots are confined to 45 to 55 cm soil depth, that is why requires more water at the crucial stage. So, drip irrigation is the best suitable way of irrigation to obtain uniform head size with high-quality produce. And, there are many advantages of drip irrigation over the traditional watering system. Frequent watering is needed in hot and dry climatic conditions.

For watering in early cauliflower crop, irrigation should be followed at an interval of 4 to 7 days. Whereas for watering in late cauliflower crop, irrigation should be followed at an interval of 10 to 14 days. A good moisture content at the time of head formation is essentially required for healthy curds development.

Manures & Fertilizers in Cauliflower Farming

Application of manure and fertilizers at a proper time will result in excellent yields for this vegetable crop. On an average, 20 to 30 tonnes of well-decomposed farmyard manure should be applied at the time of land preparation to increase soil fertility.

Whereas 60 kg of Nitrogen, 40 kg of Potash along with 80 kg of Phosphorous should be applied per unit hectare land before four weeks of transplanting of seedlings in the main field.

For commercial cultivation, fertigation of nitrogen with the help of drip irrigation system in about 6 different doses results in better and quality yield.

However, try to give manures and fertilizer at a higher dose, if your soil posses less soil fertility to increase the soil fertility and productivity.

Pests and Diseases in Cauliflower Cultivation

In any vegetable crop, it is very important to control pest and disease at the proper time to avoid the loss in productions. Since the presence of any of pests and diseases in this vegetable crop may lead to lower down the yield as well as quality.

Pests in Cauliflower Vegetables

Caterpillars, Cutworms, Cabbage fly, Aphids, Flea beetles, Thrips, Slugs, Tarnished plant bugs, and Nematodes are common pests that are observed in commercial Cauliflower Cultivation.

Diseases in Cauliflower Vegetables

Clubroot, Downey mildew, Grey leaf spot & black leaf spot, Rhizoctonia, Black rot (Bacterial diseases), Blackleg, and fungal diseases (Damping-off) are some common diseases that are found in this vegetable farming.

Control Measures

Crop rotation is the best way to get rid of pests and diseases.
Always select seeds having high pests and diseases resistance.
Avoid overwatering.
For more details, try to contact with one of the nearest horticulture department. As they are the best source of information.
Harvesting of Cauliflower

Cauliflower gets ready for harvesting when their heads or curds attain proper maturity age. And, their maturity age can be determined by the size of heads, just before they begin to discolor.

Harvesting should be done with the help of sharp sickle. Make sure of the heads are compact and the plant should be cut down, below its head in such a way that the stub has left the head from damage during transportation.

Try to harvest three to six time, so that you can get higher production. Harvesting should be done, only when the curds attain their suitable market size or fully developed.

Harvesting should be done in morning or at evening time. And, collected curds should be graded on the basis of size before sending them to the market. Store them at a cool place to maintain the quality and quantity of vegetables.

Yield in Cauliflower Farming

When it comes to yield, there are many factors, which are responsible for deciding the yield of Cauliflower vegetable farming. The factors include the selection of cultivar or variety, soil type, and fertility, the way of irrigation and several other farm management skills.



However, on an average, in commercial cultivation, one can easily obtain a yield of about 25 to 35 tonnes of vegetable per hectare in early season crop. Whereas as late crop, the yield figure rises up to 45 to 50 tonnes of vegetable per unit hectare land.