22/07/2025
We know that one of the hardest concepts to grasp in English is the gerund.
As I always tell my students, you will find gerunds functioning as continuous verbs but most of the time, they are nouns or occasionally adjectives.
Read on for the full breakdown:
A gerund is the -ing form of a verb that functions as a noun in a sentence.
✅ Gerund Grammar Rules
1. Forming a Gerund
Add -ing to the base form of a verb:
walk → walking
read → reading
swim → swimming
study → studying
2. Function of a Gerund
Since a gerund acts as a noun, it can appear in any place a noun can:
Function Example
Subject Swimming is fun.
Object She enjoys reading.
Object of a preposition He is good at drawing.
Subject complement Her passion is writing.
3. Gerunds After Certain Verbs
Some verbs are typically followed by a gerund, not an infinitive. Examples:
enjoy, avoid, consider, suggest, mind, finish, admit
✅ I enjoy reading.
❌ I enjoy to read.
4. Gerunds After Prepositions
Always use a gerund after a preposition:
She’s interested in learning Spanish.
They left without saying goodbye.
5. Possessive with Gerunds (Formal)
Sometimes a noun or pronoun before a gerund is made possessive:
I appreciate your helping me. (more formal)
I appreciate you helping me. (common in speech)
🚫 Common Mistakes
❌ I’m good at to cook.
✅ I’m good at cooking.
❌ She suggested to go to the park.
✅ She suggested going to the park.