20/10/2025
📘 DAY 22: NETWORK MONITORING AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
1. What is Network Monitoring?
Network monitoring is the continuous process of observing and analyzing network performance to ensure smooth operation, detect issues early, and prevent downtime.
It involves tracking the health, availability, and efficiency of network devices like routers, switches, firewalls, and servers.
2. Why Network Monitoring is Important
🕒 Detects problems early – before users are affected.
⚡ Improves performance – identifies bandwidth hogs and bottlenecks.
🔒 Enhances security – helps spot suspicious or unauthorized activities.
📊 Capacity planning – shows when upgrades are needed.
💰 Reduces downtime – helps IT teams respond quickly to incidents.
3. Key Metrics Monitored
Metric Description
Bandwidth Usage Measures how much data is being transmitted.
Latency Time taken for data to travel from source to destination.
Packet Loss Number of packets dropped during transmission.
Uptime Percentage of time the network is available.
Jitter Variation in packet arrival time (important for VoIP).
4. Common Network Monitoring Tools
Tool Use
Wireshark Packet analyzer – captures and inspects data packets.
PRTG Network Monitor All-in-one tool for uptime, traffic, and performance.
Nagios Open-source monitoring for networks, systems, and apps.
SolarWinds NPM Enterprise-level network performance monitor.
Zabbix Free tool for monitoring servers and network devices.
5. Network Monitoring Methods
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol): Collects device information using agents.
NetFlow / sFlow: Analyzes traffic patterns and bandwidth usage.
Ping and Traceroute: Basic tools for connectivity testing.
Syslog Monitoring: Captures log messages from devices for analysis.
6. Steps to Implement Network Monitoring
1. Identify key devices – routers, switches, firewalls, access points.
2. Install monitoring software – e.g., PRTG or Zabbix.
3. Configure alerts – for high CPU, downtime, or packet loss.
4. Regularly review reports – to analyze trends and plan upgrades.
5. Optimize performance – based on insights gathered.
7. Best Practices
✅ Use dashboards for real-time visibility
✅ Set threshold alerts for anomalies
✅ Document network layout and changes
✅ Secure monitoring tools (use strong credentials & limited access)
✅ Back up configuration data regularly
🔍 Summary
Network monitoring ensures a healthy, secure, and optimized network.
Without it, you’re flying blind—issues can grow unnoticed until they cause outages or security breaches.