20/03/2025
Lesson: Cause and Effect Expressions in English
Objective:
By the end of this lesson, you will be able to use common expressions to describe causes and their effects in English.
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1. Introduction to Cause and Effect
Cause and effect describe the relationship between an event (the cause) and the result of that event (the effect).
Cause: Why something happens
Effect: What happens as a result
Example:
Cause: It was raining.
Effect: We stayed inside.
Sentence: Because it was raining, we stayed inside.
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2. Expressions for Cause
Use these phrases to explain why something happened:
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3. Expressions for Effect
Use these phrases to describe what happened as a result of something:
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4. Practice Exercises
A. Fill in the blanks
Complete the sentences using the correct cause or effect expressions:
1. The roads were slippery __________ the heavy rain.
2. She forgot to set her alarm. __________, she was late for work.
3. __________ his excellent performance, he received a promotion.
4. The shop was closed; __________, we went to another one.
5. The power went out, __________ we had to use candles.
B. Rewrite the sentences using different expressions
Example:
She didn’t come to the party because she was sick.
Rewrite: She didn’t come to the party due to her illness.
Try these:
1. He was tired, so he went to bed early.
2. They missed the bus because they woke up late.
3. The store ran out of stock; therefore, customers had to wait.
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5. Summary
Cause expressions explain why something happened (because of, due to, since, owing to).
Effect expressions show what happened as a result (so, therefore, as a result, consequently).
Using these expressions correctly makes your English clearer and more natural.
