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IIUM Law Majalla, Ahmad Ibrahim Kuliyyah of Laws (AIKOL) , International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kampung Gombak (2025)

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Ahmad Ibrahim Kuliyyah Of Laws (AIKOL) , International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)

05/06/2025

The benefits of the new Personal Data Protection (Amendment) Act 2024

After many negotiations in the parliament, the government has amended 10 laws in the Personal Data Protection Act. The changes that were implemented on 1st April 2025 are upon direct obligations on data processors to comply with the security principle, changes to cross-border transfer rules, revised definitions of “sensitive personal data” and “personal data”, and increased penalties. While on 1st June 2025 it touched on data protection officer (DPO) appointment, mandatory data breach notifications, and data subject rights to data portability.

1. Terminology Alignment with International Standards
* The term “data user” has been replaced with “data controller” throughout the PDPA, aligning Malaysia’s terminology with international data protection frameworks like the GDPR. This change facilitates clearer understanding and consistency in global data protection practices.

2. Amendment of definitions in the PDPA
* The law has recognised “biometric data” as a type of sensitive personal data, the law introduces new definitions for “personal data breach”, expands the definition of “requestor” to encompass individuals making data portability requests; and narrows down the scope of “personal data” to exclude personal data of deceased individuals.

3. Increased Penalties for Non-Compliance
* Before the amendment for a breach of any of the PDP Principles carries a maximum penalty of a fine of up to RM300,000, or imprisonment for a term of up to two years, or both. In practice, the highest compound issued under the PDPA to date is RM108,000, which was imposed on a security services firm for breaching the General Principle, Disclosure Principle, and Retention Principle. With the Amendment of the Act it will increase the penalty for breach of the PDP Principles to a maximum penalty of a fine of up to RM1,000,000, or imprisonment for a term of up to three years, or both.

29/05/2025

[Criticism for the amendment for citizenship laws]

The issue of citizenship laws in Malaysia has always been debated as there is no clear cut solution that can be found to cater to every individual. Hence, the newest Constitution (Amendment) Bill 2024 on citizenship was passed in the Dewan Rakyat on the17th of October by a two-third majority by 70 members of parliament has sparked multiple discussion on public and national interest. It is clear that the government has done in their best power to cater to the nation with a more inclusive and fairer law that protects the rights of all Malaysian.

What are the new proposed amendments on citizenship laws?

1. Bahasa melayu proficiency
- Foreign women that chose to marry a Malaysian shall be required to have adequate malay language knowledge as part of her application for citizenship. This includes a written test and direct interviews.

2. Lowered age ceiling for application
- An amendment of Article 15A will change the age limit from age 21 years old to 18 years old consistent with the voting age and definition of a minor in the Child Act 2001

Applies to those previously obtained citizenship by law and requiring them to take their oath of citizenship before turning 18 in order to remain a Malaysian.

3. Citizenship for kids born abroad
- Malaysian women will have the same status as to Malaysian men that can automatically give citizenship to children born abroad as per Part II of the Second Schedule in Section 14(1)(b) without it being retroactive.

4. Children of permanent residents
- At least one parent has to be Malaysian in order to be eligible for children to gain citizenship

5. Revocation of Marriage
- foreign women who became Malaysian through marriage would have this revoked if their marriage were to be dissolved within two years of them gaining citizenship, when the limit was previously two years from the date of marriage.

21/05/2025

Factors of Corruption in Muslim Countries: A Comparative Analysis with Non-Western Countries by Umy Marsh*ta Binti Mohamed Azhar

Poster by Aeshah Adlina

Corruption remains a significant challenge in the world as globalisation takes place over time. This simply means that Muslim-majority countries are not excluded from the corruption practices in their governance. The involvement of Muslim Countries in corruption is often reflected in their high rankings on the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI), portraying how vastly the corruption is practiced in the countries. This article explores the underlying factors contributing to corruption in these nationsand how it advances in our daily lives.
Read this article to understand the point of view of Islam in regard to corruption and how Western countries efficiently deal with the issue to ensure their governance is free from any corruption practices.
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All editions of Law Majalla can now be read through these links:
📌 Website: https://www.lawmajalla.com/home
📌 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/iiumlawmajalla
With Regards,
Law Majalla IIUM

14/05/2025

Animal Rights by Shahirah Aizah
Poster by Shazmirah Shamsad
Over 889 cases of animal cruelty were reported in Malaysia as of March 2023. Behind each case is a helpless animal that has been starved, beaten, caged, or neglected and suffering in silence. This article dives into a truth that many ignore. Animals may not speak, but they feel. From weak laws that let offenders walk free, to heartbreaking cases of abuse even in so-called “shelters,” we need to open our eyes to the cruelty happening around us. This isn’t just about pets but it’s about the kind of society we want to live in. One where compassion is shown not only to humans but also to the voiceless beings who rely on us for kindness. Read this article to understand why stricter punishments and stronger awareness are not just necessary but the fact that they’re long overdue. Speaking out for those who can’t is a privilege.
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All editions of Law Majalla can now be read through these links:
📌 Website: https://www.lawmajalla.com/home
📌 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/iiumlawmajalla

With Regards,
Law Majalla IIUM

07/05/2025

Estate Land: The Laws and Its Issues by Nur Aleeya Sabrina Norman

Poster by Nurul Irdina Binti Sazali

Estate land is a significant aspect of Malaysia’s agricultural landscape, but how well do we understand its legal framework? What do we, as Malaysians, know about the regulations governing estate land? The National Land Code outlines specific provisions, including the requirement for Estate Land Board approval, which plays a crucial role in managing these lands. Yet, can we truly differentiate between estate land and other types of agricultural land, and what are the implications of these distinctions?
This article delves into the intricacies of estate land laws, explores the challenges, and offers insights into the legislative intent behind these regulations. Read on to deepen your understanding of estate land, its complexities, and the potential solutions for a more sustainable agricultural future in Malaysia.
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All editions of Law Majalla can now be read through these links:
📌 Website: https://www.lawmajalla.com/home
📌 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/iiumlawmajalla

With Regards,
Law Majalla IIUM

30/04/2025

Will There Ever Be a Stop Wildlife Trafficking by Arissa Awatif

Poster by Ishaq Najmi

Have you ever wonder how our legal system works in coping with wildlife trafficking?

Every year, there are tremendous increasing amount of wildlife trafficking for their special features. How would we tackle this issue from legal perspective if there is no absolute rule provided. Nevertheless, as a member of the citizens, are we aware that there are provided regulations pertaining to this matter? Is it edequate and versatile enough to deal with the current issue? Calling all readers to be the new experts for this subject and for all legal experts to go through this interesting topic to further come out with the best solution and advice for the future.
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All editions of Law Majalla can now be read through these links:
All editions of Law Majalla can now be read through these links:
📌 Website: https://www.lawmajalla.com/home
📌 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/iiumlawmajalla

With Regards,
Law Majalla IIUM

28/04/2025

Stalking by Anis Hadirah bt Abdul Mutalib
Poster by Aeshah Adlina

The transformation of stalking from a social issue to an officially recognised crime in Malaysia is a significant development. With the introduction of Section 507A of the Penal Code, repeated behaviours that make someone feel scared, upset, or anxious are now against the law. This marks an important milestone in Malaysia’s journey towards a safer and fairer society.
Under this new provision, someone who stalks can be sentenced to up to three years in prison, a fine, or both. Importantly, the law also empowers victims to apply for protection orders under the Criminal Procedure Code, giving them immediate access to legal protection even before criminal proceedings are concluded.
Stalking is not just one action but involves a pattern of behaviour. It involves a pattern of conduct that leads the victim to fear for their safety, dignity or well-being. By establishing these rules clearly, Malaysia’s laws send a clear message that ongoing harassment will not be accepted.
As aspiring lawyers, these changes are particularly thrilling. They show how the law continuously evolves to meet the real needs of society. Knowing how stalking laws work in real life is crucial to support victims and deliver justice.
Want to learn more about this enacted law and how it works in-action? Read the full article inside!
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All editions of Law Majalla can now be read through these links:
📌 Website: https://www.lawmajalla.com/home
📌 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/iiumlawmajalla

With Regards,
Law Majalla IIUM

19/04/2025

The Copyright Infringement Liability in Peer-to-Peer Software by Hadifah Husna

Poster by Aisyah Humaira

The protection of intellectual property rights is challenged as the development of technologies has opened up various platforms for creations, distributions and exploitation of copyright works which also include the peer-to-peer (P2P) software. The widespread use of P2P software became widely known at the end of 1990s through the first P2P network, Napster which enabled the Internet users to search for any desired content in the medium of files that they wanted and transfer such files from one computer to another one without the need to have a separate server. However, despite the hopeful features that make it possible for a thousand terabytes of digitized information to rush through the P2P networks in a stable and affordable manner, there are legal implications arising out of the usage of this technology, particularly in the context of copyright infringement issues. Many copyright owners started to terrify about losing control over their works as there are clear potential that the network offers its users information that they believed to be common use while in fact such practice raised a question on the balance between the technological innovation and intellectual property rights, or in other words whether the appreciating the P2P software may or may not limit copyright protection. The discussion will also include the stance taken by the Malaysian judiciary on the matter at hand to understand how it approach legal challenges posed by P2P technology.
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All editions of Law Majalla can now be read through these links:
📌 Website: https://www.lawmajalla.com/home
📌 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/iiumlawmajalla

With Regards,
Law Majalla IIUM

10/04/2025

The Evolution of Human Trafficking Laws in Malaysia by Nur Iman Nabihah binti Muhammad Eirfan

Poster by Aliah Maisarah

Human trafficking remains a pressing global issue, exploiting the vulnerable through coercion, fraud, and deception. In Malaysia, the Anti-Trafficking in Persons and Anti-Smuggling of Migrants Act 2007 (ATIPSOM) marks a legal milestone, yet challenges persist—weak victim protections, limited resources, and gaps in prosecution. This article delves into Malaysia’s journey from Tier 3 to Tier 2 Watch List in the U.S. TIP Report, while highlighting critical shortcomings. With insights from SUHAKAM’s recommendations, the writer examines whether current laws truly safeguard victims or fall short in enforcement. A must-read for those invested in human rights, legal reform, and the fight against modern-day slavery.
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All editions of Law Majalla can now be read through these links:
📌 Website: https://www.lawmajalla.com/home
📌 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/iiumlawmajalla

With Regards,
Law Majalla IIUM

07/04/2025

The Practicality of Hudud Law in Malaysia by Nik Nur Aisyah Humaira Nik Mohd Hussian

Often misunderstood, Hudud is one of the three main crimes and punishments under the Islamic criminal law. Unfortunately, the character of Hudud itself has been disfigured to appear as an inhumane and cruel system, sparks intense debate regarding its implementation. Further, critics argue that it is incompatible with Malaysia’s Federal Constitution, the legal system in general, as well as its multi-racial and multi-religious society. However, is this argument true? Can Hudud be harmonized with contemporary Malaysian society, or is it destined to remain a legal paradox? Explore the complexities, challenges, and potential solutions in this analysis of the practicality of Hudud law in Malaysia.

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All editions of Law Majalla can now be read through these links:
📌 Website: https://www.lawmajalla.com/home
📌 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/iiumlawmajalla

𝐖𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐑𝐞𝐠𝐚𝐫𝐝𝐬,
𝐋𝐚𝐰 𝐌𝐚𝐣𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐚 𝐈𝐈𝐔𝐌

IIUM Law Majalla

05/06/2025

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14/05/2025

07/05/2025

30/04/2025

28/04/2025

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