06/03/2023
BACKGROUND TORI: HAUSA OR FULANI; WETIN DEY CONFUSE YOU?
People of blended Hausa and Fulani ancestry are known as Hausa-Fulani. The majority of them speak a variety of Hausa, Fula, or both as their native tongue. They are mainly found in the Northern region of Nigeria.
While some Fulani assert that they are of Semitic descent, Hausas are native to West Africa. This indicates that "Hausaization" processes in the western Sudan region were likely both cultural and genetic in nature. The movement of Fulani people to Hausaland around the 14th century and their cultural assimilation into the Hausa society are directly responsible for the development of the Hausa-Fulani identity. Sheikh Usman dan Fodio successfully led a war against the Hausa Kingdoms at the start of the 19th century, establishing a unified Fulani Empire (anglicized as the Sokoto Caliphate).
Dan Fodio promoted inter-faith unions between the Fulani immigrants and the conquered Hausa states and locals, primarily other Hausa people, after the jihad; in addition, Jobawa, Dambazawa, and Sullubawa Fulani clans from Futa Tooro moved tothe area and intermarried with the predominantly Hausa local urban aristocracy, and they played a significant role in the linguistic, cultural, and ethnic blending of the Hausa-Fulani people. In Daura, Zamfara, Kano, Katsina, Zazzau, and Sokoto, the Hausa-Fulani make up the core and overwhelming majority of the populations as a consequence of this assimilation.
The primary language of Hausa-Fulanis is a variety of Hausa that comprises a continuum of regional dialects that are largely generally comprehensible. Over 100 to 150 million people speak hausa, making it the most widely spoken indigenous language in Africa and the eleventh most spoken language overall. Since the Trans-Saharan commerce, Hausa, which has many loanwords from other languages, has been spoken from Agadez in the heart of the Sahara Desert of Niger to Northern Nigeria. It used an Ajami script for many years, which served as the foundation for the academic heritage surrounding the language. After the Brits overthrew the Sokoto Caliphate, the writing was replaced with the Latin orthography of the Boko alphabets.
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