IAS Paragon

IAS Paragon The official student publication of FEU Institute of Arts and Sciences (IAS) John Paul Uminga. Head: Kim Zyelo Tenebro

CEA (Core Executive Assistants) Dept.

IAS Paragon is the official student publication of Far Eastern University - Manila's Institute of Arts and Sciences, founded on year 2006 by Mr. IAS Paragon is an independent center of excellence for campus journalism, an epitome of truthfulness, and aims to strive to be a symbol of fair correspondence by upholding the right of freedom of information, speech, and expression of all IAS students. Th

e student publication is composed of dedicated, skillful, and talented news and editorial writers, features writers, literary writers, photojournalists, videographers, podcasters, layout and graphic artists, content researchers, even up to core executive assistants. IAS Paragon 2025- 2026 Executive Board:

Editor-in-Chief: Alyssa Micah Tayug

Associate Editor-in-Chief: Danielle Margareth Piler

Executive Secretary: Maria Jiana Ysabel Pacifico

Managing Editor: Denise Angel Pepito

News and Editorial Head: Micah Janea Salud

News and Editorial Associate Head: Chelsea Jasmine King

Features Head: Jharri Achilla Benelada

Features Associate: N/A

Literary Head: Aira Siervo

Literary Associate: Eleanor Danica Esguerra

Documentation Overall Head: Juliana Crisostomo

Documentation - Chief Photographer: Clyde Clifford Co**ha

Documentation - Video Producer - Mary Camille Pila

Layouts and Graphics Head: Miguel Dision

Layouts and Graphics Associate Head: Diana Pamplona

Podcast Head: Phoebe Anne Chan

Podcast Associate Head: N/A

Press Relations Head - Tiffany Louise Dionisio

Press Relations Associate Head - N/A

CEA (Core Executive Assistants) Dept. Associate Head: N/A

๐‘ผ๐’๐’”๐’†๐’†๐’ ๐‘ช๐’๐’๐’•๐’“๐’๐’: ๐‘ป๐’‰๐’† ๐‘ท๐’“๐’†๐’”๐’†๐’๐’• โ€œ๐‘ด๐’‚๐’“๐’•๐’Š๐’‚๐’ ๐‘ณ๐’‚๐’˜๐’”โ€The oppressive ruling of the late President Ferdinand Marcos Sr. left a massiv...
21/09/2025

๐‘ผ๐’๐’”๐’†๐’†๐’ ๐‘ช๐’๐’๐’•๐’“๐’๐’: ๐‘ป๐’‰๐’† ๐‘ท๐’“๐’†๐’”๐’†๐’๐’• โ€œ๐‘ด๐’‚๐’“๐’•๐’Š๐’‚๐’ ๐‘ณ๐’‚๐’˜๐’”โ€

The oppressive ruling of the late President Ferdinand Marcos Sr. left a massive impact on the state of democracy in the Philippines. While activism continues to thrive, censorship and stigma on freedom of speech remain prevalent. With this, each entry aims to honor the past while reflecting on contemporary analogues of oppression.

๐‘ฌ๐’๐’•๐’“๐’š ๐‘ต๐’. 1: ๐‘ป๐’‰๐’† ๐‘ช๐’‰๐’Š๐’๐’…๐’“๐’†๐’ ๐’๐’‡ ๐‘ด๐’‚๐’š๐’‚๐’“๐’Š

๐‘พ๐’“๐’Š๐’•๐’•๐’†๐’ ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ฌ๐’๐’›๐’ ๐‘ณ๐’‚๐’„๐’”๐’๐’
๐‘ฌ๐’…๐’Š๐’•๐’†๐’… ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘จ๐’Š๐’“๐’‚ ๐‘ณ๐’†๐’”๐’๐’Š๐’† ๐‘ถ. ๐‘บ๐’Š๐’†๐’“๐’—๐’
๐‘ท๐’–๐’ƒ๐’๐’Š๐’„๐’‚๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’ ๐‘ด๐’‚๐’•๐’†๐’“๐’Š๐’‚๐’ ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ต๐’Š๐’„๐’‰๐’๐’๐’๐’† ๐‘ณ๐’๐’“๐’Š๐’„๐’‚


๐‘ด๐’‚๐’“๐’•๐’Š๐’‚๐’ ๐‘ณ๐’‚๐’˜: ๐‘จ ๐‘ฏ๐’‚๐’–๐’๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’ˆ ๐‘ณ๐’†๐’ˆ๐’‚๐’„๐’š ๐’๐’‡ ๐‘ญ๐’†๐’‚๐’“ ๐’‚๐’๐’… ๐‘ถ๐’‘๐’‘๐’“๐’†๐’”๐’”๐’Š๐’๐’๐‘พ๐’“๐’Š๐’•๐’•๐’†๐’ ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘จ๐’๐’•๐’‰๐’†๐’‚ ๐‘จ๐’—๐’Š ๐‘ฑ๐’Š๐’Ž๐’†๐’๐’†๐’›๐‘ฌ๐’…๐’Š๐’•๐’†๐’… ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ช๐’‰๐’†๐’๐’”๐’†๐’‚ ๐‘ฑ๐’‚๐’”๐’Ž๐’Š๐’๐’† ๐‘ฒ๐’Š๐’๐’ˆ๐‘ท๐’–๐’ƒ๐’๐’Š๐’„...
21/09/2025

๐‘ด๐’‚๐’“๐’•๐’Š๐’‚๐’ ๐‘ณ๐’‚๐’˜: ๐‘จ ๐‘ฏ๐’‚๐’–๐’๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’ˆ ๐‘ณ๐’†๐’ˆ๐’‚๐’„๐’š ๐’๐’‡ ๐‘ญ๐’†๐’‚๐’“ ๐’‚๐’๐’… ๐‘ถ๐’‘๐’‘๐’“๐’†๐’”๐’”๐’Š๐’๐’

๐‘พ๐’“๐’Š๐’•๐’•๐’†๐’ ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘จ๐’๐’•๐’‰๐’†๐’‚ ๐‘จ๐’—๐’Š ๐‘ฑ๐’Š๐’Ž๐’†๐’๐’†๐’›
๐‘ฌ๐’…๐’Š๐’•๐’†๐’… ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ช๐’‰๐’†๐’๐’”๐’†๐’‚ ๐‘ฑ๐’‚๐’”๐’Ž๐’Š๐’๐’† ๐‘ฒ๐’Š๐’๐’ˆ
๐‘ท๐’–๐’ƒ๐’๐’Š๐’„๐’‚๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’ ๐‘ด๐’‚๐’•๐’†๐’“๐’Š๐’‚๐’ ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ซ๐’Š๐’‚๐’๐’‚ ๐‘ท๐’‚๐’Ž๐’‘๐’๐’๐’๐’‚

Who would have thought that a simple signatory by former President Ferdinand Marcos Sr. on the Proclamation 1081 on the 21st of September 1972 will cause devastation to the people, to the point that we can still feel its haunting presence even up to this day? The declaration of the Martial Law, which was said to be driven by insecurity from communist and Islamic insurgencies, left a deep and unforgettable scar in Philippine history that even a simple band-aid could not cover.

At first, the people deemed Martial Law in good light due to the organization of the city (Kagan, 2023) which was evident in Iligan City where people hoped for the eradication of corruption and bureaucracy. Their lives also improved due to various policies from macro to micro aspect, such as the macroeconomic trade and industrial policies and local policies associated with the planning and management of the city. However, this did not last long as the abuse of power was immensely prominent and eventually failed its people (Valleser, 2025). Kagan further mentioned that data shown by Amnesty International Mission in 1975 stated that the Philippinesโ€™ judiciary failed in preventing violations of human rights. Misconduct, crimes, and malpractice were condoned, and those who openly opposed the government were detained or executed without going through a legal due process.

Economically, Kagan also mentioned that the countryโ€™s foreign debt increased from $2.5 billion in 1970 to $10 billion in 1980. It did not stop there as in the span of five (5) years, the debt rose to $30 billion. Additionally, the lives of marginalized people plummeted as the fraction of the urban population that lives below the poverty line increased from 24% in 1974 to 40% in 1980.

The media during the Martial Law era became rigidly controlled and suppressedโ€”it became black and white when major media outlets were shut down and journalists were stripped of their rights to condemn the wrongdoings of the government and provide factual information with the on the ground occurrence as it is being filtered by the government. This filtering of information erased the reality, replacing it with lies and propaganda that glorified the regime while silencing the truth. Resultant to the aforementioned lenses, there was political unrest from the people causing mass demonstrations from different sectors, which includes the collection of student demonstrations that played a pivotal role as critical consciousness that grew among them regarding the political, economic, and social situation, change must be utilized (Lindio-Mcgovern, 2024).

In the contemporary world, these remains as to how current issues and crises, such as the flood control project that can be considered as the tip of the iceberg of corruption, faced by the people, especially ordinary people, hindered the rights of the people to grow and develop due to mismanagement and misconduct that benefited the elites while exploiting ordinary citizens. ๐™๐™๐™š ๐™œ๐™ค๐™ซ๐™š๐™ง๐™ฃ๐™ข๐™š๐™ฃ๐™ฉ ๐™ข๐™ช๐™จ๐™ฉ ๐™—๐™š ๐™– ๐™ฅ๐™ž๐™ก๐™ก๐™–๐™ง ๐™›๐™ค๐™ง ๐™ฉ๐™๐™š ๐™˜๐™ž๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ฏ๐™š๐™ฃ๐™จ. ๐™ƒ๐™ค๐™ฌ๐™š๐™ซ๐™š๐™ง, ๐™ž๐™ฃ ๐™ฉ๐™๐™š ๐™‹๐™๐™ž๐™ก๐™ž๐™ฅ๐™ฅ๐™ž๐™ฃ๐™š๐™จ, ๐™ž๐™ฉ ๐™˜๐™–๐™ฃ ๐™—๐™š ๐™ฉ๐™๐™š ๐™™๐™š๐™–๐™ฉ๐™ ๐™ค๐™› ๐™– ๐™ฃ๐™–๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ค๐™ฃ.

Henceforth, it is significant to remember the injustice experienced and sacrifices made by the Filipinos and be an inspiration on how democracy provides freedom for the people who must utilize and maximize property and understand its true essence. ๐™๐™๐™š ๐™๐™ž๐™ก๐™ž๐™ฅ๐™ž๐™ฃ๐™ค๐™จโ€™ ๐™ง๐™ž๐™œ๐™๐™ฉ๐™จ ๐™ข๐™ช๐™จ๐™ฉ ๐™ฃ๐™ค๐™ฉ ๐™—๐™š ๐™™๐™ค๐™ฌ๐™ฃ๐™ฅ๐™ก๐™–๐™ฎ๐™š๐™™ ๐™–๐™จ ๐™ฉ๐™๐™š๐™ฎ ๐™˜๐™–๐™ฃ ๐™ค๐™ซ๐™š๐™ง๐™ฉ๐™๐™ง๐™ค๐™ฌ ๐™ฉ๐™๐™š ๐™œ๐™ค๐™ซ๐™š๐™ง๐™ฃ๐™ข๐™š๐™ฃ๐™ฉ ๐™ฌ๐™ž๐™ฉ๐™ ๐™š๐™ฃ๐™ค๐™ช๐™œ๐™ ๐™ง๐™š๐™จ๐™ค๐™ก๐™ช๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ค๐™ฃ, ๐™–๐™ฃ๐™™ ๐™—๐™š๐™ž๐™ฃ๐™œ ๐™–๐™˜๐™˜๐™ช๐™จ๐™ฉ๐™ค๐™ข๐™š๐™™ ๐™ฉ๐™ค ๐™˜๐™ค๐™ง๐™ง๐™ช๐™ฅ๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ค๐™ฃ ๐™ข๐™ช๐™จ๐™ฉ ๐™ฃ๐™ค๐™ฉ ๐™—๐™š ๐™ฃ๐™ค๐™ง๐™ข๐™–๐™ก๐™ž๐™ฏ๐™š๐™™ ๐™–๐™จ ๐™ž๐™ฉ ๐™๐™ž๐™ฃ๐™™๐™š๐™ง๐™จ ๐™œ๐™ง๐™ค๐™ฌ๐™ฉ๐™ ๐™–๐™ฃ๐™™ ๐™™๐™š๐™ซ๐™š๐™ก๐™ค๐™ฅ๐™ข๐™š๐™ฃ๐™ฉ. Its fragment remains in the lives of the Filipinos who carve within their heart as to how it stripped off the rights of the people to live, speak, and uplift their wellbeing. The fear and the oppression of that time will continue to haunt Filipinos not only in memory but in systems that continue to uplift inequality and injustices.

๐‘๐ž๐Ÿ๐ž๐ซ๐ž๐ง๐œ๐ž๐ฌ
Kagan. (2023). Marcos Declares Martial Law in the Philippines. EBSCO.
https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/law/marcos-declares-martial-law-philippines
Lindio-McGovern. (2024). The making of the Philippines as a Neoliberal Nation-State: Dissecting the global-local nexus and their implications for social change. Diogenes, 65(2), 219โ€“234. doi:10.1017/S039219212300010X
Valleser. (2025). The Martial Law Years in Iligan City 1972-1981. CME Live Journal of Clinical Case Report, 2(2), 1-9.
https://www.wecmelive.com/open-access/the-martial-law-years-in-iligan-city-19721981.pdf


๐Ÿค“ ๐Ÿ“ REMINDER: ngaun deadline ng exam submission namin hehe magpasa na kau pls pls pls by sabrina carpenterp.s. hindi nak...
20/09/2025

๐Ÿค“ ๐Ÿ“ REMINDER: ngaun deadline ng exam submission namin hehe magpasa na kau pls pls pls by sabrina carpenter

p.s. hindi naka-LOA l&g heads namin, busy lang w/ ML pubmats kaya aq muna ^__^

๐‘ญ๐’๐’๐’๐’… ๐‘ช๐’๐’๐’•๐’“๐’๐’ ๐‘ช๐’๐’๐’•๐’“๐’๐’—๐’†๐’“๐’”๐’š ๐‘ฌ๐’๐’ˆ๐’–๐’๐’‡๐’” ๐‘ช๐’–๐’“๐’“๐’†๐’๐’• ๐‘ต๐’†๐’˜๐’”: ๐‘ป๐’‰๐’† ๐‘บ๐’†๐’๐’‚๐’•๐’† ๐‘ท๐’“๐’๐’ƒ๐’† ๐‘น๐’–๐’๐’…๐’๐’˜๐’ ๐’๐’ ๐’•๐’‰๐’† ๐‘ซ๐’Š๐’”๐’„๐’‚๐’š๐’‚๐’” ๐’‚๐’๐’… ๐‘ซ๐‘ท๐‘พ๐‘ฏ ๐‘ญ๐’๐’๐’๐’… ๐‘ช๐’๐’๐’•๐’“๐’๐’ ๐‘ท๐’“๐’๐’‹๐’†๐’„๐’• ...
18/09/2025

๐‘ญ๐’๐’๐’๐’… ๐‘ช๐’๐’๐’•๐’“๐’๐’ ๐‘ช๐’๐’๐’•๐’“๐’๐’—๐’†๐’“๐’”๐’š ๐‘ฌ๐’๐’ˆ๐’–๐’๐’‡๐’” ๐‘ช๐’–๐’“๐’“๐’†๐’๐’• ๐‘ต๐’†๐’˜๐’”: ๐‘ป๐’‰๐’† ๐‘บ๐’†๐’๐’‚๐’•๐’† ๐‘ท๐’“๐’๐’ƒ๐’† ๐‘น๐’–๐’๐’…๐’๐’˜๐’ ๐’๐’ ๐’•๐’‰๐’† ๐‘ซ๐’Š๐’”๐’„๐’‚๐’š๐’‚๐’” ๐’‚๐’๐’… ๐‘ซ๐‘ท๐‘พ๐‘ฏ ๐‘ญ๐’๐’๐’๐’… ๐‘ช๐’๐’๐’•๐’“๐’๐’ ๐‘ท๐’“๐’๐’‹๐’†๐’„๐’• ๐‘ญ๐’–๐’๐’…๐’”โ€™ ๐‘จ๐’๐’๐’Ž๐’‚๐’๐’๐’–๐’” ๐‘บ๐’‘๐’†๐’๐’…๐’Š๐’๐’ˆ

๐‘พ๐’“๐’Š๐’•๐’•๐’†๐’ ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ฌ๐’๐’›๐’ ๐‘ณ๐’‚๐’„๐’”๐’๐’
๐‘ฌ๐’…๐’Š๐’•๐’†๐’… ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ด๐’Š๐’„๐’‚๐’‰ ๐‘ฑ๐’‚๐’๐’†๐’‚ ๐‘บ๐’‚๐’๐’–๐’…
๐‘ท๐’–๐’ƒ๐’๐’Š๐’„๐’‚๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’ ๐‘ด๐’‚๐’•๐’†๐’“๐’Š๐’‚๐’ ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ด๐’Š๐’ˆ๐’–๐’†๐’ ๐‘ซ๐’Š๐’”๐’Š๐’๐’

The infamous corruption scandal involving the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), the Discaya couple, and several politicians and contractors came rushing like a flash flood throughout media outlets and social media platforms recently. This became more alarming with the most recent news of the owners of numerous construction firms, Pacifico and Sarah Discaya naming a wide range of local government officials involved in the alleged anomalies in flood control projects.

It is evident as to how the allocations for infrastructures meant to secure the general public from disasters like floods, typhoons, and heavy rains are anomalously spent: the questionable lavish lifestyle and luxurious possessions (e.g. cars, luxury items, private properties) shamelessly showed off by the Discayas, congress, and representatives (Ombay, 2025), DPWH and government officials (Servallos & Galvez, 2025), and their progeny, commonly coined as โ€œnepo-babiesโ€ that are bashed and lifestyle-checked across social media platformsโ€”also considered by the media as a form of activism (De Leon, 2025).

On September 8, during a televised Senate Blue Ribbon Committee hearing, 17 House of Representatives members and a number of officials from the DPWH demanded 25% kickbacks of project costs, conditionally for the award of flood control contracts (Gomez, 2025). โ€œMock biddingโ€ was also one of the issues raised, along with โ€œghost projects,โ€ and inflated or advanced kickbacks. The ghost projects, in particular, were used to describe those that are either non-existent or marked as โ€œaccomplishedโ€ with no actual progress (Senate of the Philippinesโ€™ Press Release, 2025). Particular contractors among the firms owned by the Discayas are Wawao Builders and St. Timothy Construction, which are connected to the anomalies. Along with this, the Commission on Audit (COA) found that the overall worth of flood control projects that are considered as substandard, overpriced, or non-existent were about P341 million (Panti, 2025).

The absurd amount of construction companies, owned by Pacifico II and Sarah Discaya, are alleged to have participated in orchestrated biddings and kickback schemes (Senate of the Philippinesโ€™ Press Release, 2025). In an interview, the couple sighs the phrase, โ€œkaya this!โ€ while implicating the involvement of lawmakers like House Speaker Martin Romualdez, Representative Zaldy Co, and many others (Gomez, 2025). Other than lawmakers, several DPWH officials are also under investigation for allegedly supervising project releases, accepting and extorting bribes, and permitting projects with defective features (Servallos and Galvez, 2025). Ultimately, these investigations were led by the COA, the Senate of the Philippines, alongside President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. as he described the situation as โ€œhorribleโ€ and called for an independent commission initiative to probe the anomalies (Gomez, 2025).

With issues on accountability, the public called out for budget scrutiny, particularly highlighting the significant cuts in flood control allocations (Ager, 2025). Former Senate President Francis โ€œChizโ€ Escudero suggested deduction of P250.8 billion from the proposed 2026 DPWH flood control allocation, considering the current budget as asymmetrical (Senate of the Philippinesโ€™ Press Release, 2025). To elaborate, the widespread public mistrust in the projectsโ€™ quality gives rise to the need for reports of substandard materials, the ghost projects, and poor facilitation, which raises questions about whether allocations are accomplishing their intended purpose (Panti, 2025). The public not only calls for accountability and budget deduction, but also for transparency: transactions made by the DPWH to lawmakers without technical vetting or coordination with local government units (Bernardo, 2025). Consequently, it has been estimated that economic losses amount to P118.5 billion in the span of 2023-2025 due to the flood control project anomalies (Inosante, 2025).

Aside from this, the public came up with more specific questions: First and foremost, the public questioned how are the contractors able to pay or promise heavy kickbacks of 25-40% (Ramos, 2025) and still turn a profit or deliver acceptable work? What is the total amount of flood control budget taken by projects completed in name only, with serious defects, or non-existent? The Filipinos contested on why lawmakers inserted many flood control projects (Bernardo, 2025) without proper feasibility studies, engineering assessments, or LGU coordination. Lastly, they challenged the government on how they will assure the accountability and responsibility of contractors upon the projectsโ€™ failures, instead of it falling on the taxpayers money (Senate of the Philippinesโ€™ Press Release, 2025) to fund the repairs or reworks due to substandard quality.

In spite of the public raising such critical questions, lawmakers involved in the Discaya testimony still denied the allegations, like House Speaker Romualdez, who was in denial of receiving benefits from such schemes (Flores, 2025). Nevertheless, the COA and the Office of the Ombudsman are the leading figures in the investigation of the anomalies, with the recent findings of COA about the projectsโ€™ defects (Panti, 2025). Even more, some segments from the Congress, particularly of Escudero, suggest the deducted P250.8 billion flood control funds be reallocated in other essential sectors like education, health, and in the food industry. โ€œMas praktikal at makabubuti na tapyasan na muna ang pondong ilalaan para flood control at ibuhos ito sa mga sektor ng edukasyon, kalusugan, at produksyon ng pagkain habang hinihintay natin ang ADB-funded flood control master plan,โ€(Senate of the Philippinesโ€™ Press Release, 2025).

Henceforth, the flood control funds controversy posits a critical call for transparency on the spending of taxpayersโ€™ money. Despite its evident corruption and shameless spendings on lavish lifestyles, the situation is still surrounded with ambiguity: ๐™ฌ๐™ž๐™ก๐™ก ๐™ฉ๐™๐™š ๐™ž๐™ฃ๐™จ๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ฉ๐™ช๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ค๐™ฃ๐™จโ€™ ๐™ง๐™š๐™จ๐™ฅ๐™ค๐™ฃ๐™จ๐™š ๐™ฉ๐™ค ๐™ฉ๐™๐™ž๐™จ ๐™ž๐™จ๐™จ๐™ช๐™š ๐™ง๐™š๐™จ๐™ช๐™ก๐™ฉ ๐™ž๐™ฃ ๐™ฉ๐™ง๐™ช๐™š ๐™ง๐™š๐™›๐™ค๐™ง๐™ข๐™–๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ค๐™ฃ, ๐™ค๐™ง ๐™ฌ๐™ž๐™ก๐™ก ๐™ก๐™ค๐™ค๐™ฅ๐™๐™ค๐™ก๐™š๐™จ ๐™–๐™ฃ๐™™ ๐™ž๐™ข๐™ฅ๐™ช๐™ฃ๐™ž๐™ฉ๐™ฎ ๐™ฅ๐™ง๐™š๐™ซ๐™–๐™ž๐™ก? Moving forward, many Filipinos depend on the handling of this controversy with the credibility of future infrastructure projects, their safety, and their overall trust in the government.


Hay salamat, nakita ko na rin ang pangalan mo sa listahan namin :))๐˜ผ๐™ฃ๐™œ ๐™™๐™–๐™ข๐™ž ๐™ข๐™ค ๐™ฅ๐™–๐™ก๐™–๐™ฃ๐™œ ๐™ ๐™–๐™จ๐™–๐™ข๐™– ๐™๐™š๐™๐™š. Pero sige, okay lang ...
15/09/2025

Hay salamat, nakita ko na rin ang pangalan mo sa listahan namin :))

๐˜ผ๐™ฃ๐™œ ๐™™๐™–๐™ข๐™ž ๐™ข๐™ค ๐™ฅ๐™–๐™ก๐™–๐™ฃ๐™œ ๐™ ๐™–๐™จ๐™–๐™ข๐™– ๐™๐™š๐™๐™š. Pero sige, okay lang yan para 'di ka maligaw ng landas papunta sa'kin -- I mean, sa IAS Paragon ^__^

๐˜ฝ๐™๐™’, ๐™™๐™–๐™๐™ž๐™ก ๐™ข๐™–๐™ง๐™–๐™ข๐™ž-๐™ง๐™–๐™ข๐™ž ๐™ ๐™–๐™ฎ๐™ค, ๐™š๐™ญ๐™ฉ๐™š๐™ฃ๐™™ ๐™ข๐™ช๐™ฃ๐™– ๐™ฃ๐™–๐™ข๐™ž๐™ฃ ๐™ฎ๐™ช๐™ฃ๐™œ ๐™–๐™ฅ๐™ฅ๐™ก๐™ž๐™˜๐™–๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ค๐™ฃ ๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ข๐™š๐™ก๐™ž๐™ฃ๐™š ๐™๐™– :)) Hindi kaya ng isang jeep pa-Cubao yung mga kasama mo eh ^__^

Pero 'wag ka mag-alala. Dito at dito pa rin sa Paragon ang meet up spot natin hehe.

๐‘ท๐’–๐’ƒ๐’๐’Š๐’„๐’‚๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’ ๐‘ด๐’‚๐’•๐’†๐’“๐’Š๐’‚๐’ ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ด๐’Š๐’ˆ๐’–๐’†๐’ ๐‘ซ๐’Š๐’”๐’Š๐’๐’




๐Ÿ“ข ๐—Ÿ๐—”๐—ฆ๐—ง ๐—–๐—”๐—Ÿ๐—Ÿ: Membership ApplicationsDumating na nga ang araw na kinatatakutan koโ€”huling araw na. Matagal-tagal bago tayo...
13/09/2025

๐Ÿ“ข ๐—Ÿ๐—”๐—ฆ๐—ง ๐—–๐—”๐—Ÿ๐—Ÿ: Membership Applications

Dumating na nga ang araw na kinatatakutan koโ€”huling araw na. Matagal-tagal bago tayo magkita ulit. ๐™†๐™–๐™ฎ๐™– ๐™จ๐™–๐™ฃ๐™–, ๐™ฉ๐™๐™ž๐™จ ๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ข๐™š, ๐™ ๐™–๐™ข๐™ž ๐™ฃ๐™–๐™ข๐™–๐™ฃ ๐™–๐™ฃ๐™œ ๐™ฅ๐™ž๐™ก๐™ž๐™ž๐™ฃ ๐™ข๐™ค.

๐Ÿ“Œ ๐—”๐—ฝ๐—ฝ๐—น๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป ๐—™๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—บ๐˜€ ๐—Ÿ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ธ:
https://forms.gle/BGssbUk1Agu9oFgcA

Hindi ko alam kung kailan at saan magtatagpo ulit ang landas natin. Pero 'pag naliligaw ka man, laging sa IAS Paragon ka bababa. Okay? :))

๐‘ท๐’–๐’ƒ๐’๐’Š๐’„๐’‚๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’ ๐‘ด๐’‚๐’•๐’†๐’“๐’Š๐’‚๐’ ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ด๐’Š๐’ˆ๐’–๐’†๐’ ๐‘ซ๐’Š๐’”๐’Š๐’๐’




HUIII,, nakita kita sa booth namin last time :)) pero wala pa rin ang pangalan mo sa listahan ng mga applicants namin :(...
12/09/2025

HUIII,, nakita kita sa booth namin last time :)) pero wala pa rin ang pangalan mo sa listahan ng mga applicants namin :((

Hindi mo ba na-save yung QR code namin? Sige, ito na ๐Ÿคฉ

๐Ÿ“Œ ๐˜ผ๐™ฅ๐™ฅ๐™ก๐™ž๐™˜๐™–๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ค๐™ฃ ๐™๐™ค๐™ง๐™ข๐™จ ๐™‡๐™ž๐™ฃ๐™ :
https://forms.gle/BGssbUk1Agu9oFgcA

๐Ÿ—“ ๐˜ผ๐™ฅ๐™ฅ๐™ก๐™ž๐™˜๐™–๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ค๐™ฃ ๐™‹๐™š๐™ง๐™ž๐™ค๐™™: September 8-13, 2025

๐‘ฏ๐’‚๐’๐’ˆ๐’ˆ๐’‚๐’๐’ˆ ๐’ƒ๐’–๐’Œ๐’‚๐’” ๐’๐’‚ ๐’๐’‚๐’๐’ˆ ๐’‚๐’‘๐’‘๐’๐’Š๐’„๐’‚๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’ ๐’๐’‚๐’Ž๐’Š๐’ ๐’‰๐’‚? Apply ka naman, para magkita tayo lagi (at mag-Cubao parati ๐Ÿ‘€).

๐‘ท๐’–๐’ƒ๐’๐’Š๐’„๐’‚๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’ ๐‘ด๐’‚๐’•๐’†๐’“๐’Š๐’‚๐’ ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ด๐’Š๐’ˆ๐’–๐’†๐’ ๐‘ซ๐’Š๐’”๐’Š๐’๐’




โ€œ๐ŸŽผ ๐˜ผ๐’๐™™ ๐™ฎ๐’๐™ช ๐™ ๐’๐™ค๐’˜ ๐’•๐™๐’‚๐™ฉ ๐™„'๐™™ ๐™จ๐’˜๐™ž๐’๐™œ ๐™ฌ๐’Š๐™ฉ๐’‰ ๐’š๐™ค๐’– ๐’‡๐™ค๐’“ ๐’•๐™๐’† ๐’‡๐™š๐’๐™˜๐’†๐™จ๐™Ž๐’Š๐™ฉ ๐™ฌ๐’Š๐™ฉ๐’‰ ๐’š๐™ค๐’– ๐’Š๐™ฃ ๐™ฉ๐’‰๐™š ๐™ฉ๐’“๐™š๐’๐™˜๐’‰๐™š๐’”.โ€No matter what hardship life gives y...
12/09/2025

โ€œ๐ŸŽผ ๐˜ผ๐’๐™™ ๐™ฎ๐’๐™ช ๐™ ๐’๐™ค๐’˜ ๐’•๐™๐’‚๐™ฉ ๐™„'๐™™ ๐™จ๐’˜๐™ž๐’๐™œ ๐™ฌ๐’Š๐™ฉ๐’‰ ๐’š๐™ค๐’– ๐’‡๐™ค๐’“ ๐’•๐™๐’† ๐’‡๐™š๐’๐™˜๐’†๐™จ
๐™Ž๐’Š๐™ฉ ๐™ฌ๐’Š๐™ฉ๐’‰ ๐’š๐™ค๐’– ๐’Š๐™ฃ ๐™ฉ๐’‰๐™š ๐™ฉ๐’“๐™š๐’๐™˜๐’‰๐™š๐’”.โ€

No matter what hardship life gives you, we hope you know that IAS Paragon is ready to give you the silence that only comes when people understand each other ๐Ÿซ‚. We hope that amidst the chaos, you find moments where you are surrounded by nothing but pure joy and serenity ๐Ÿƒ.

๐—›๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐—ฝ๐˜† ๐—ฏ๐—ถ๐—ฟ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฑ๐—ฎ๐˜† ๐˜๐—ผ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ถ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜€ ๐—ก&๐—˜ ๐—›๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ฑ, ๐— ๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ฎ๐—ต!


09/09/2025

Handa akong bitawan ang brown messenger bag ko, hindi gawing box crop ang dating plaid polo ng tatay ko, mag-belt para โ€˜di na mahubo ang baggy jeans ko, tumigil sa pag-inom ng Iced Matcha Latte, tumigil sa pakikinig kay Laufey at Beabadoobee, at tigilan ang pagbabasa ko ng feminist literature magpakita ka lang.

๐‘ฏ๐’๐’”๐’•๐’†๐’… ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ฑ๐’–๐’‚๐’ ๐‘ช๐’‚๐’“๐’๐’๐’” ๐’‚๐’๐’… ๐‘ฑ๐’–๐’๐’Š๐’‚๐’๐’‚ ๐‘ช๐’“๐’Š๐’”๐’๐’”๐’•๐’๐’Ž๐’
๐‘ซ๐’๐’„๐’–๐’Ž๐’†๐’๐’•๐’†๐’… ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ท๐’‰๐’๐’†๐’ƒ๐’† ๐‘ช๐’‰๐’‚๐’
๐‘ฌ๐’…๐’Š๐’•๐’†๐’… ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ฑ๐’–๐’๐’Š๐’‚๐’๐’‚ ๐‘ช๐’“๐’Š๐’”๐’๐’”๐’•๐’๐’Ž๐’
๐‘ช๐’‚๐’‘๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’ ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ป๐’Š๐’‡๐’‡๐’‚๐’๐’š ๐‘ณ๐’๐’–๐’Š๐’”๐’† ๐‘ซ๐’Š๐’๐’๐’Š๐’”๐’Š๐’




๐‘ต๐’‚๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’๐’‚๐’ ๐‘ณ๐’Š๐’•๐’†๐’“๐’‚๐’„๐’š ๐‘พ๐’†๐’†๐’Œ? ๐‘พ๐’‰๐’‚๐’• ๐’Š๐’” ๐‘ณ๐’Š๐’•๐’†๐’“๐’‚๐’„๐’š? ๐‘จ๐’”๐’Œ๐’Š๐’๐’ˆ ๐’‡๐’๐’“ ๐’•๐’‰๐’† ๐‘ด๐’Š๐’๐’๐’Š๐’๐’๐’” ๐’๐’‡ ๐‘ญ๐’–๐’๐’„๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’๐’‚๐’๐’๐’š ๐‘ฐ๐’๐’๐’Š๐’•๐’†๐’“๐’‚๐’•๐’† ๐‘ฏ๐’Š๐’ˆ๐’‰ ๐‘บ๐’„๐’‰๐’๐’๐’ ๐‘บ๐’•๐’–๐’…๐’†๐’๐’•๐’”๐‘พ๐’“๐’Š๐’•๐’•๐’†๐’...
08/09/2025

๐‘ต๐’‚๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’๐’‚๐’ ๐‘ณ๐’Š๐’•๐’†๐’“๐’‚๐’„๐’š ๐‘พ๐’†๐’†๐’Œ? ๐‘พ๐’‰๐’‚๐’• ๐’Š๐’” ๐‘ณ๐’Š๐’•๐’†๐’“๐’‚๐’„๐’š? ๐‘จ๐’”๐’Œ๐’Š๐’๐’ˆ ๐’‡๐’๐’“ ๐’•๐’‰๐’† ๐‘ด๐’Š๐’๐’๐’Š๐’๐’๐’” ๐’๐’‡ ๐‘ญ๐’–๐’๐’„๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’๐’‚๐’๐’๐’š ๐‘ฐ๐’๐’๐’Š๐’•๐’†๐’“๐’‚๐’•๐’† ๐‘ฏ๐’Š๐’ˆ๐’‰ ๐‘บ๐’„๐’‰๐’๐’๐’ ๐‘บ๐’•๐’–๐’…๐’†๐’๐’•๐’”

๐‘พ๐’“๐’Š๐’•๐’•๐’†๐’ ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ฌ๐’๐’›๐’ ๐‘ณ๐’‚๐’„๐’”๐’๐’
๐‘ฌ๐’…๐’Š๐’•๐’†๐’… ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ช๐’‰๐’†๐’๐’”๐’†๐’‚ ๐‘ฑ๐’‚๐’”๐’Ž๐’Š๐’๐’† ๐‘ฒ๐’Š๐’๐’ˆ
๐‘ท๐’–๐’ƒ๐’๐’Š๐’„๐’‚๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’ ๐‘ด๐’‚๐’•๐’†๐’“๐’Š๐’‚๐’ ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ซ๐’Š๐’‚๐’๐’‚ ๐‘ท๐’‚๐’Ž๐’‘๐’๐’๐’๐’‚

It is the eighth of September this year, and today marks the final day of the 2025 National Literacy Week, with the theme of โ€œBack to Basics: Strengthening the Foundations of Literacy through Local Action and Community Partnerships.โ€

This occasion was proclaimed by former President Fidel V. Ramos as official back in 1993, and the dates of September 2 to 8 of every year were declared by the DepEd Memorandum in 2019 to be allotted for the said occasion within the education sector.

The occasion has been around for more than thirty years, but sadly for most Filipinos, it is greatly unrecognized. In that span of three decades of celebrating this occasion each year in schools among students and educators, unfortunately, not much has changed: many Filipino students, especially those for whom private education has become a fever dream, are still illiterate and fall short in reading comprehension.

Only this year, the Senate Committee on Basic Education found during the April 30 hearing that approximately 19 million Filipino high school graduates from the basic education system are functionally illiterate (Ramos, 2024). However, on May, the Philippine Statistics Authority clarified that the estimated quantity of high school graduates who are basically literate but not functionally literate due to lack of comprehension skill is only 5.58 million based on the data found from last year. This means that they can read, write, and do simple math but struggle to understand and apply these skills in real-life situations.

Nevertheless, this clarification should not mean that we donโ€™t need to have a sense of urgency regarding our countryโ€™s evident educational crisis. Whether 19 or 5.58 million, these numbers are still at large, and weโ€”on behalf of the many Filipinos pursuing educationโ€”should be alarmed by this result because it means that the factors behind this functional illiteracy and lack of reading comprehension are widespread and systemic, such as insufficient fund allocation in the educational sector, neglected advocacies on quality education, and the deeply rooted problem of corruptionโ€”a problem exemplified by Vice President Sara Duterteโ€™s anomalous spending of the Department of Educationโ€™s confidential funds (Chi, 2024).

With the issue of the widespread functional illiteracy in mind, the 2025 National Literacy Weekโ€™s theme of โ€œBack to Basicsโ€ resonates even louder and gives further sense of urgency to demand accountability and responsibility from the government to improve our countryโ€™s education system and address its crises.
It has been an understanding that governmental corruption and its negligence of its people, especially on its foundationโ€”the education sectorโ€”is inevitable in any kind or form of government and in any country. It is not a new occurrence; nevertheless, what should not be normalized is the peopleโ€™s indifference to the lack of accountability and responsibility from these kinds of governments and from its officials, especially ours.

It is time that we demand, as students, our right to quality education; that we demand transparency in the spending of the millionsโ€”even billions of pesos stolen from, at this point, the futile taxes that we pay. It should be returned to us by having the salary our educators deserve and the quality of education we students deserveโ€”that the millions of functionally illiterate high school graduates deserve.

๐‘๐ž๐Ÿ๐ž๐ซ๐ž๐ง๐œ๐ž๐ฌ:
Chi, C. (2024). DepEd in the dark on how VP Sara spent confidential funds. Philippine Star. https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2024/09/03/2382580/deped-dark-how-vp-sara-spent-confidential-funds
Department of Education. (2025). DepEd Memorandum, No. 057, s. 2025: 2025 National Literacy Conference.https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/DM_s2025_057_r.pdf
EDCOM 2 Communications. (2025). Around 18M Filipinos finished high school despite being functionally illiterate. https://edcom2.gov.ph/around-18m-filipinos-finished-high-school-despite-being-functionally-illiterate/
Philippine Statistics Authority. (2025). Clarification on the alleged 19 million functionally illiterate high school graduates and junior high school completers. https://psa.gov.ph/content/clarification-alleged-19-million-functionally-illiterate-high-school-graduates-and-junior
Ramos, M. (2025). PSA study: 19M senior high school grads โ€˜functional illiterate.โ€™ Philippine Daily Inquirer. https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/2057100/psa-study-19m-senior-high-school-grads-functional-illiterate


๐‘ป๐’‰๐’† ๐‘ฉ๐’๐’†๐’”๐’”๐’†๐’… ๐‘ฝ๐’Š๐’“๐’ˆ๐’Š๐’ ๐‘ด๐’‚๐’“๐’š ๐’‚๐’” ๐’•๐’‰๐’† ๐‘ท๐’Š๐’๐’๐’‚๐’“ ๐’๐’‡ ๐‘ญ๐’Š๐’๐’Š๐’‘๐’Š๐’๐’๐’”๐‘พ๐’“๐’Š๐’•๐’•๐’†๐’ ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘จ๐’๐’•๐’‰๐’†๐’‚ ๐‘จ๐’—๐’Š ๐‘ฑ๐’Š๐’Ž๐’†๐’๐’†๐’›๐‘ฌ๐’…๐’Š๐’•๐’†๐’… ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ด๐’Š๐’„๐’‚๐’‰ ๐‘ฑ๐’‚๐’๐’†๐’‚ ๐‘บ๐’‚๐’๐’–๐’…๐‘ท๐’–๐’ƒ๐’๐’Š๐’„๐’‚๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’ ...
08/09/2025

๐‘ป๐’‰๐’† ๐‘ฉ๐’๐’†๐’”๐’”๐’†๐’… ๐‘ฝ๐’Š๐’“๐’ˆ๐’Š๐’ ๐‘ด๐’‚๐’“๐’š ๐’‚๐’” ๐’•๐’‰๐’† ๐‘ท๐’Š๐’๐’๐’‚๐’“ ๐’๐’‡ ๐‘ญ๐’Š๐’๐’Š๐’‘๐’Š๐’๐’๐’”

๐‘พ๐’“๐’Š๐’•๐’•๐’†๐’ ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘จ๐’๐’•๐’‰๐’†๐’‚ ๐‘จ๐’—๐’Š ๐‘ฑ๐’Š๐’Ž๐’†๐’๐’†๐’›
๐‘ฌ๐’…๐’Š๐’•๐’†๐’… ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ด๐’Š๐’„๐’‚๐’‰ ๐‘ฑ๐’‚๐’๐’†๐’‚ ๐‘บ๐’‚๐’๐’–๐’…
๐‘ท๐’–๐’ƒ๐’๐’Š๐’„๐’‚๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’ ๐‘ด๐’‚๐’•๐’†๐’“๐’Š๐’‚๐’ ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ซ๐’Š๐’‚๐’๐’‚ ๐‘ท๐’‚๐’Ž๐’‘๐’‚๐’๐’๐’๐’‚

The status quo of the Philippines is disrupted with the continuous discovery of various social, economical, and political issues โ€” corruption, inflation, unemployment, poverty, and the endemic diseases such as the COVID-19 that caused recession, which the country is still recovering from. The substandard industrialization of numerous infrastructures, healthcare, etc. caused the people their lives, livelihood, productivity, opportunities, and the future of current and succeeding generations. These are impediments of development that the people deserve to achieve; however, due to the persistence of anti-poor approaches, development and a breathable system is still farfetched.

An irony from a country primarily dominated by religion such as the Philippines, which is heavily bounded by religious beliefs and practices brought about by the domination by Catholicism, is that there has been a growing disconnect between the traditional Catholic beliefs and practices and the alarming realities in todayโ€™s time. Despite that, at the end of the day, whom people run to is the Catholic church, showcasing their undying faith. Alongside the devotion to God is the devotion to saints, especially the Blessed Virgin Mary in which religious novenas, processions, and other means of devotions can be seen in the Filipinos. On the 8th of September, the Church observes the Feast of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the mother of Jesus Christ, as her birth's celebration. "The purpose of the novena is to bring us to Jesus in order to follow himโ€ (Archdiocese of Vancouver, n.d.).

The Blessed Virgin Mary has various titles with one of them being "Our Lady of Sorrows" bestowed for her experience of agony and grief during the passion and the death of her son, Jesus Christ. This paved the way for people to call Mother Mary in times of despair and suffering through novena and devotion. Mother Mary is deemed as healer, comforter, prophet, intercessor, and a friend. In fact, James B. Reuter, S.J. described his experience of how Mother Mary safeguarded his family, his mission, his journey to the Philippines as a Jesuit missionary, and how she was able to provide a significant role in a lot of people he came across with (Damayon et al., 2025).

With the chaos of mind, community, society, and the country in general, people would find someone to run or call on to, including the Our Lady of Sorrows โ€“ one of the most called on to in times of crisis. She especially becomes a pillar who sheds light to the people when life is excessively intolerable, similar to the current state of the Philippines. In essence, the nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary is a reminder for the Filipino Catholic community that continues to promote and reinforce values of love for the people, compassion to others, and service, strengthening the spiritual anchor amidst numerous difficulties in life.

๐‘๐ž๐Ÿ๐ž๐ซ๐ž๐ง๐œ๐ž๐ฌ:
Archdiocese of Vancouver. (n.d.) The Novena to Our Lady of Perpetual Help.
filipinoministry.org
Damayon, S.B., Nantes Jr., F.V, Ildefonso, L.L., & Rosario, L.A.. (2025). Marian spirituality: Its bases and life expressions in the Congregatio Immaculati Cordis Mariae (CICM) and its missionaries.
https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2025.90300298


๐‘ต๐’‚๐’Œ๐’‚๐’Œ๐’‚๐’•๐’‚๐’Œ๐’‚๐’Ž ๐’๐’‚ โ€˜๐‘ฒ๐‘จ๐‘น๐‘ต๐‘ฌโ€™: ๐‘จ ๐‘น๐’†๐’—๐’Š๐’†๐’˜ ๐’๐’‡ ๐‘ญ๐‘ฌ๐‘ผ ๐‘ป๐’‰๐’†๐’‚๐’•๐’†๐’“ ๐‘ฎ๐’–๐’Š๐’๐’…โ€™๐’” ๐‘ต๐’†๐’˜ ๐‘ท๐’๐’‚๐’š๐‘พ๐’“๐’Š๐’•๐’•๐’†๐’ ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘บ๐’†๐’๐’Š๐’๐’‚ ๐‘ด๐’†๐’๐’๐’“ ๐‘ฌ๐’…๐’Š๐’•๐’†๐’… ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ฑ๐’‰๐’‚๐’“๐’“๐’Š ๐‘จ๐’„๐’‰๐’Š๐’๐’๐’‚ ๐‘จ. ๐‘ฉ๐’†...
08/09/2025

๐‘ต๐’‚๐’Œ๐’‚๐’Œ๐’‚๐’•๐’‚๐’Œ๐’‚๐’Ž ๐’๐’‚ โ€˜๐‘ฒ๐‘จ๐‘น๐‘ต๐‘ฌโ€™: ๐‘จ ๐‘น๐’†๐’—๐’Š๐’†๐’˜ ๐’๐’‡ ๐‘ญ๐‘ฌ๐‘ผ ๐‘ป๐’‰๐’†๐’‚๐’•๐’†๐’“ ๐‘ฎ๐’–๐’Š๐’๐’…โ€™๐’” ๐‘ต๐’†๐’˜ ๐‘ท๐’๐’‚๐’š

๐‘พ๐’“๐’Š๐’•๐’•๐’†๐’ ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘บ๐’†๐’๐’Š๐’๐’‚ ๐‘ด๐’†๐’๐’๐’“
๐‘ฌ๐’…๐’Š๐’•๐’†๐’… ๐’ƒ๐’š: ๐‘ฑ๐’‰๐’‚๐’“๐’“๐’Š ๐‘จ๐’„๐’‰๐’Š๐’๐’๐’‚ ๐‘จ. ๐‘ฉ๐’†๐’๐’†๐’๐’‚๐’…๐’‚
๐‘ท๐’‰๐’๐’•๐’๐’” ๐‘ฉ๐’š: ๐‘ญ๐‘ฌ๐‘ผ ๐‘ป๐’‰๐’†๐’‚๐’•๐’†๐’“ ๐‘ฎ๐’–๐’Š๐’๐’…
๐‘ณ๐’‚๐’š๐’๐’–๐’• ๐‘ฉ๐’š: ๐‘ด๐’Š๐’ˆ๐’–๐’†๐’ ๐‘ซ๐’Š๐’”๐’Š๐’๐’ ๐’‚๐’๐’… ๐‘ซ๐’Š๐’‚๐’๐’‚ ๐‘ท๐’‚๐’Ž๐’‘๐’๐’๐’๐’‚


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