28/10/2023
๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ | King of this world and of the next
In 1925, Pope Pius XI, often called the Pope of Catholic Action, published the encyclical letter Quas Primas, establishing the Feast of the Kingship of Our Lord Jesus Christ for the last Sunday in October.
Thus, this coming Sunday, the UP Student Catholic Action, will celebrate this feast in a devotional way, that is, in all things but liturgical. Of course, this is a fruit of the organizationโs strong devotion to this title of Our Lord and what it signifies.
But one might very well remark: โThe Feast of Christ the King now belongs to the last Sunday of the year!โ To which we reply: โLet us then celebrate two feasts of Christ the King!โ Far from being a vain repetition, much less a contradiction, keeping the two feasts of Christ the King allows us to meditate more deeply on the different aspects of Our Lordโs Kingship.
The feast we are more familiar with, the one which caps the Churchโs year, is the Feast of Our Lord Jesus Christ, King of the Universe. It seems fitting enough that at the end of the year, which is an image of time itself, we should celebrate the dominion of Christ over all creation. After all, we know that at the consumation of time, Christ would come again in glory to judge the living and the dead. In the Creed, we confess that after this second coming of Christ, โHis kingdom shall have no end.โ
Christ indeed is King of the Universe by his Divine Nature. In the Eucharistic Prayer, we hear the Church saying to the Father: โIt is through [Christ], Lord, that you unceasingly create all these good things, and hallow them, give them life, bless them, and bestow them on us.โ Who else can claim to rule the universe but Him who is its creator?
As edifying as this consideration of the Kingship of Our Lord is, it only talks about one nature of His Divine person. Do we not believe that Our Lord, aside from being truly God, is also truly Man? Alas! There is a certain danger in forgetting the humanity of Christ.
Borrowing from Servant of God Dorothy Day, โIt is because we forget the Humanity of Christ that we have ignored the material claims of our fellow man during this capitalistic, industrialistic era.โ Somehow, when we limit our understanding of Christ the King as the king to come, we put ourselves in danger of โlooking [only] to heaven for justiceโ making Christ the o***m of the people, warranting what the Wobblies (a socialist organization) sing in mockery of Christians: โwork and pray, live on hay; youโll get a pie in the sky when you die.โ This caricature could not be further from the truth!
Because The Son became Man, He is in a โstrict and proper senseโ a Sovereign King. Only as Man were โall authorityโฆ given [Him] in Heaven and on earth (Matthew 28:18)โ because as the Divine Word, He already possesses all things in common with the Father. As Man, he is an heir to the kingdom of His father David. And also as Man did He redeem us by His precious blood, thereby making Christ โour King by acquired, as well as by natural rightโ (Quas Primas n. 13)
Pope Pius XI wanted to emphasize Christโs Kingship as a reality with concrete consequences. Christ the King is not just a pious metaphor but a Person who calls, a Person who is not aloof to our affairs, and a Person who teaches and commands by example. He is a King who came โnot to be ministered unto but to minister (Quas Primas n. 20).โ What a model for our leaders today!
Neither is Christ only King of individuals, but as a Sovereign King, He rules over nations and societies as well. As He said to Pilate, โyou will not have authority over Me, unless it were given you from above (John 19:11).โ St. Paul also emphasizes this when he wrote to the Romans: โthere is no authority except that which is from God (Romans 13:1).โ
Of course, this is not an unconditional blessing of whatever our leadersโ follies dictate! In fact, it should be for them, a reason to tremble in fear because they are representatives of Christ who is all just! Tremble in fear they often have not! Have we not seen leaders rejecting Christ and worshipping themselves? When nations banish God, either by their laws or by their hearts, discord and strife arise. We have seen wars, economic development that excludes the poor, the dehumanization and extermination of the most vulnerable, tyranny, and overall moral corruption and license.
For the Pope of Catholic Action, instituting this feast will serve as a nudge to the world. For one, it will remind leaders to be โfilled with the persuasion that they rule, not by their own right, but by the mandate and in the place of the Divine King.โ Hoping that in this way, โthey will exercise their authority piously and wisely, and they will make laws and administer them, having in view the common good and also the human dignity of their subjectsโ (Quas Primas n. 19).
By placing this feast at the last Sunday of October, Pope Pius XI, wanted to make it a crown upon the โmysteries of the life of Christ already commemorated during the year, and, before celebrating the triumph of all the Saints, we proclaim and extol the glory of him who triumphs in all the Saints and in all the Elect. (Quas Primas n. 29).โ But, as Fr. Dylan Schrader, notes in discussing the revision of the feast of Christ the King, the feast was placed not directly at the end of the year but a few weeks before it as if to say that the reign of Christ โthough not yet fully perfected, has already begun.โ He is already King of this world now, as He will be in the next.
Is this not an edifying way to look at the mutual enrichment of these two feasts? There is so much value in both emphases that we cannot just ignore one for the other. Embracing both, we can very well imagine Christ as the landowner in the Parable of the Workers in the Vineyard going out just before the end of the day (in October, or in a more practical sense, this very day) to invite us once more to be conformed to his principles of justice and peace, and to abide by his law. Surely, at the consummation of the ageโin November, as it wereโHe will come as the King who is Judge. But until that blessed day, infinite is His mercy if only we do not harden our hearts.
Just as the month of November invites us to ponder on our last end as we remember our beloved dead, why not make this time between the two feasts of Christ the King as a time for our collective examen. Are we making Christ reign in our society? Are we living in His reign of justice and peace, of good governance and servant leadership, of good laws and the common good, of giving what is due to God and to our fellow man? Until His advent as King of the Universe, Christ the Sovereign King calls. May our answer be, as SCAns have answered for the past 87 years, โLove and Loyalty!โ
Article by Christian Ang via Banaag Newsletter of the UP Student Catholic Action-Diliman