26/09/2024
Fluctuations in rainfall impact food security by impacting agricultural yields in Pakistan's various agro-ecological zones. Does this rainfall variability impact agro-ecological zones and rural household differently? This interesting question is explored in a study by Dr. Verda Salman, Dr. Mazhar Yasin Mughal and Dr. Faisal Abbas in a yearlong funded IMMANA research fellowship. Findings of the study show that across the agro-ecological zones of Pakistan, the overall monsoon rainfall is 29.5% higher, 8.7% higher, and 11.7% lower than the (30-year) historic averages in 2013, 2015, and 2018, respectively. However, within agro-ecological zones, disparity in monsoon rainfall is high. The northern mountainous areas with traditionally higher monsoon rainfall experienced reduced rainfall, while barren lands of Baluchistan and Sindh, with traditionally lower monsoon rainfall, witnessed a multifold increase in the monsoon rain. This could explain the 2022 floods pattern as Zones 2, 3, 8, 9, and 10 were among the most affected areas. This study concluded that rural households in Pakistan relying only on crop income are hit hard with rainfall fluctuation compare to those households which diversify their income through livestock for example.
This fellowship is Funded by Gates Foundation, Tufts University, and London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. Congratulations and well-done Dr. Verda Salman, Associate Professor at S3H,NUST, for this wonderful work.