25/10/2016
=IBYO WAMENYA KURI INTERENT GENERATION=
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Ubundi iriya G ibanzirizwa n’imibare ivuga Generation iba ishaka nko kugaragaza urukurikirane rw’ikoranabuhanga rya Internet idakeneye umugozi (Wireless).
Mu 1982 nibwo 1G yavumbuwe, urubuga what’s a G ruvuga ko iri zina ritakunze gukoreshwa mu kugaragaza Internet idakoresha umugozi kugeza ubwo 2G yazaga ari nabwo iri koranabuhanga ryavuye mu buryo bwa “analogue” zigatangira gukoresha uburyo bwa “digital”.
Nyuma ya buri myaka 10 1G ishyizwe hanze, hagiye haza izindi aho kuri ubu itegerejwe ari 5G, zose zikaba zitandukaniye ku bintu bitandukanye birimo n’umuvuduko zikoresha mu gufungura ikintu kuri Internet cyangwa kukivanaho(download).
1G (1st Generation)
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Nk’uko twabivuze haruguru, izina 1G ntiryakunze gukoreshwa cyane kugeza ubwo 2G yashyirwaga ahagaragara.
1G niryo koranabuhanga rya mbere ryakoreshejwe muri telefoni zigendanwa aho icyabashaga gukorwa ari uguhamagara gusa, icyo gihe kandi hari hagikoreshwa uburyo bwa analog kugira ngo amajwi abashe kugera kubari kugirana ikiganiro binyuze ku munara.
2G (2nd Generation)
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Hagati ya 1991 na 1992 nibwo 2G yashyizwe ahagaragara, ari nabwo iyayibanjirije yahise itangira guhabwa izina rya 1G.
Mu gihe 1G yatumaga abantu babasha guhamagarana bakoresheje telefoni zigendanwa, 2G yo yaje yongeramo utundi dushya turimo kuba umuntu yakohereza ubutumwa bugufi (sms), kohererezanya ubutumwa burimo amashusho n’amafoto(multimedia messages) kandi byose bigakorwa mu buryo uwo byohererejwe ari we gusa ubasha kubibona.
3G (3rd Generation)
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3G yaje ikemura byinshi mu bibazo 2G itari yarabashije gukemura aho abantu batangiye kubasha guhamagarana barebana(video calls), kureba Televiziyo bakoresheje telefone zabo.
Iki gihe ni na bwo smartphone zatangiye kwiyongera ari na ko hagenda havuka porogaramu nyinshi za telefoni zidufasha gukora ibintu bitandukanye birimo gukura amashusho kuri internet, kuyasangiza abandi, kohererezanya e-mail, kumenya aho umuntu aherereye(Global System positioning, GPS) ndetse n’ibindi byinshi.
Ikoranabuhanga rya 3G twavuga ko ari na ryo rikoreshwa cyane n’abafite telefoni zigendanwa mu Rwanda n’ahandi henshi hirya no hino ku isi.
Gushyira cyangwa gukura ikintu kuri Internet ukoresheje 3G bitwara Mb 2 ku isegonda.
4G (4th Generation)
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Nubwo 3G igikoreshwa kuri ubu abantu barashishikarizwa gukoresha 4G, zombi zitandukanyijwe n’umuvuduko mu gukura cyangwa gushyira ikintu kuri Internet.
Umuvuduko wa 4G uri hagati ya Mb 100 na Gb 1 ku isegonda, ari na yo mpamvu abantu bavuga ko yihuta cyane.
Kugeza ubu ariko 4G ntiramara gukorwa neza ku buryo yagera ku ntego zayo z’umuvuduko wa Gb 1 ku isegonda.
Niyo mpamvu habaye hashyizwe ahagaragara iyo bita 4GLTE (Long Term Evolution) bishatse kugaragaza ko hari ibikivugururwa,ikazitwa 4G gusa ari uko byose byarangiye ikagera ku ntego zayo.
Mu gihe 4G ubwayo itararangira kandi hatangiye kuvugwa 5G (5th Generation) yitezweho gukora ibintu bitandukanye ku muvuduko uri hagati ya Gb1-10 ku isegonda.
Ikigo Mpuzamahanga cy’Ikoranabuhanga mu Itumanaho (ITU) nicyo cyemeza ko Internet idakoresha umugozi yujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo ishyirwe mu cyiciro runaka.
