17/06/2022
Why does a little rain cause Freetown to flood, and make roads dangerous or impassible? Simple: The hillside forests are now built up settlements
In bygone decades when Freetown had forested hills, even the famous 7-days rain every August hardly caused flooding, because the hillside trees and soil saw to it that most of the rain was absorbed before reaching the city. Which is why the rivers flowed throughout the year. Today most of these former rivers are dry beds of informal settlements.
The hills around Freetown absorb or drink the rain, and swallow it to form an underground reservoir or the water table. This stored water is gradually released over the dry season as rivers. But now the hillside trees are mostly gone, so their roots can no longer hold the soil that absorbs the rain like sponge takes in water. Now the rain simply cascades down directly into the city, unchecked by the trees, and unabsorbed by the soil. Worse still, most of the hillside land area that absorbed the rain has been covered by eyesore settlements (munku houses). These buildings block the rain from going underground, by allowing very little space for the rain to percolate into the soil. The result? Rain water that should have gone underground now runs down unchecked with high gravitational force and volume of water from the hills, flooding the city. And it sweeps away the remaining top soil, exposing rocks, and creating the instability that leads to mudslides, or dislodged giant rocks tumbling down, crushing everything in its unpredictable path. There is no quick fix to this.
Unfirtunately it will keep getting worse every rain season so long as the hillside deforestation and building spree continues unchecked. To reverse this ugly trend, we must be replace the obstructing settlements with a massive hillside reforestation programme. Making Freetown the Tree town it was famously known as. Anything else or less is a sham and shame.